centos命令安装mysql数据库_CentOS上安装MySQL数据库超详细
一、环境说明
服务器：阿里云CentOS7.4 64位
mysql版本：MySQL-5.6.33-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
二、安装前检查
防止有些镜像中有安装一些数据，这些数据库可能会导致mysql在安装过程中出现一些奇怪的错误，所以在安装之前还是检查一下：先检查是否有安装其他版本的mysql:
执行命令：rpm -qa | grep mysql (注意大小写，如果mysql 不行就换MySQL)检查是否有安装mariadb:
执行命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
有就卸载：
rpm -e —nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
三、安装过程先将mysql安装文件上传服务器指定目录，并解压；第一执行server文件的安装；第二执行devel文件的安装；第三执行client文件的安装；复制配置文件到ect: 命令：cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf执行安装脚本/usr/bin/mysql_install_db启动数据库设置密码(/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’)：用新密码登录mysql：
修改mysql的用户表并且赋权：修改字符集防止中文乱码，进入/etc/my.cnf :
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It’s a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections=1000
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = …..
# datadir = …..
# port = …..
# server_id = …..
# socket = …..
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
#sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES重启数据库，到这里基本上就安装完成。
四、其他异常情况说明执行rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm 安装过程中报错libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.33-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64 异常解决：
这个是缺少libaio,可以执行：yum install libaio 安装即可：
安装成功后，继续执行安装命令。FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing /usr/bin/mysql_install_db: Data::Dumper异常解决：
实际是缺少安装autoconf库：执行命令：yum -y install autoconf //此包安装时会安装Data:Dumper模块
这种错误先找到错误日志，我这里进入到默认安装目录/var/lib/mysql 下找到错误日志：iZuf6emmmii2i6bh7eedujZ.err 跟上面的pid是同名的：
可以看出是没有权限，那么就赋权：
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