Centos7 安装 MySql 数据库

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2022-10-16 09:44 239阅读 0赞

# 一 前期准备 #

## 1.1 下载MySql5.7安装包 ##

地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xvdmVsaWNoYW8xMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

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## 1.2 卸载 mariadb ##

Centos7 自带 mariadb ，在安装可能会有冲突，最好卸载掉 mariadb。

查看 mariadb

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

卸载 mariadb

rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

在命令最后添加参数说明：  
\--force强制安装  
\--nodeps就是安装时不检查依赖关系

# 二 安装MySql单机版 #

## 2.1 上传、解压 ##

在/usr/local目录下创建mysql目录，将下载的安装包上传到该目录下

# ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2xvdmVsaWNoYW8xMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][] #

## 2.2 安装 ##

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

## 2.3 初始化和配置 ##

mysqld --initialize
    chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
    # 启动
    systemctl start mysqld.service
    # 设置开机自起
    systemctl enable mysqld

## 2.4 查询数据库默认密码 ##

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

## 2.5 登录 ##

# 密码是上一步输出的密码
    mysql -uroot -pOS/imnkjk

## 2.6 修改密码 ##

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by 'root';

## 2.7 远程访问授权 ##

# 远程访问设置
    create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'root';
    grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
    # 使设置成效
    flush privileges;

## 2.8 修改my.cnf配置文件 ##

一般基础配置如下：

# 端口号
    port=3306
    # 数据存放目录
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    # 数据库字符集
    character-set-server = utf8
    # 数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则，注意要和character-set-server对应
    collation-server = utf8_general_ci
    # 是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感
    lower_case_table_names = 1
    # 最大连接数
    max_connections = 400

## 2.9 常用命令 ##

# 启动
    systemctl start mysqld.service
    
    # 停止
    systemctl stop mysqld.service
    
    # 查询状态
    systemctl status mysqld.service
    
    # 重启
    service mysqld restart

## 2.10 开放端口 ##

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanent
    firewall-cmd --reload

## 2.11 防火墙设置 ##

# 查看状态
    systemctl status firewalld
    
    # 开启
    systemctl start firewalld
    
    # 关闭
    systemctl stop firewalld

[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql_5.7.html]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html
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