使用elasticsearch建立搜索引擎 浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-04-04 06:26 228阅读 0赞 # 使用elasticsearch建立搜索引擎 # elasticsearch官方网址：[https://www.elastic.co/products/elasticsearch][https_www.elastic.co_products_elasticsearch] ## 1、选择Elasticsearch的原因 ## （1）Elasticsearch是一个建立在全文搜索引擎 Apache Lucene™ 基础上的开源的实时分布式搜索和分析引擎，功能强大： * 支持全文搜索； * 分布式实时文件存储，并将每一个字段都编入索引，使其可以被搜索； * 实时分析的分布式搜索引擎； * 可以扩展到上百台服务器，处理PB级别的结构化或非结构化数据。 所有的这些功能被集成到一个服务里面，你的应用可以通过简单的RESTful API、各种语言的客户端甚至命令行与之交互。 （2）简单易学，文档齐全 搜索引擎选择： Elasticsearch与Solr：[http://www.cnblogs.com/chowmin/articles/4629220.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_chowmin_articles_4629220.html] ## 2、安装并配置Elasticsearch ## 因为我们要使用ansj分词工具进行分词，最新的ansj与elasticsearch结合的工具包对应的elastic search的版本是5.0.1，所以我们下载5.0.1版本的elasticsearch。 （1）下载并解压 wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.0.1.tar.gz sha1sum elasticsearch-5.0.1.tar.gz tar -xzf elasticsearch-5.0.1.tar.gz cd elasticsearch-5.0.1/ （2）启动ES `./bin/elasticsearch` `16-12-11T17:28:33,912][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [rpA7Jx3] started` 看到类似这一句的，则说明启动ES了 新开一个终端，查看是否运行成功 `curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/?pretty'` 出现如上形式内容，则说明ES运行成功。 可以按Ctrl-C关闭ES ## 3、安装并配置ansj分词器 ## 进入es目录执行如下命令 `./bin/elasticsearch-plugin install http://maven.nlpcn.org/org/ansj/elasticsearch-analysis-ansj/5.0.1.0/elasticsearch-analysis-ansj-5.0.1.0-release.zip` ## 4、elasticsearch启动出现的错误解决 ## **（1）Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit\_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error=‘Cannot allocate memory’ (errno=12)** 由于elasticsearch5.0默认分配jvm空间大小为2g，修改jvm空间分配 # vim config/jvm.options -Xms2g -Xmx2g 修改为 -Xms512m -Xmx512m **（2）max number of threads \[1024\] for user \[elasticsearch\] is too low, increase to at least \[2048\]** 修改 /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf 原： `soft nproc 1024` 改为： `soft nproc 2048` **（3）max virtual memory areas vm.max\_map\_count \[65530\] is too low, increase to at least \[262144\]** 修改/etc/sysctl.conf配置文件， cat /etc/sysctl.conf | grep vm.max_map_count vm.max_map_count=262144 如果不存在则添加 `echo "vm.max_map_count=262144" >>/etc/sysctl.conf` **（4）max file descriptors \[65535\] for elasticsearch process likely too low, increase to at least \[65536\]** `ulimit -n 65536` **（5）\[root@localhost elasticsearch-5.0.1\]\# ./bin/elasticsearch \[WARN \]\[o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler\] \[\] uncaught exception in thread \[main\] org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root** 注意：ES不能用root管理员身份启动 ## 5、配置elasticsearch Java API ## 在pom.xml添加如下依赖： <!-- elasticsearch Java API --> <dependency> <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId> <artifactId>transport</artifactId> <version>5.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> ## 6、elasticsearch教程 ## * 官方教程：[https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/zip-targz.html][https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_current_zip-targz.html] * Elasticsearch基础教程：[http://blog.csdn.net/cnweike/article/details/33736429][http_blog.csdn.net_cnweike_article_details_33736429] * Elasticsearch JAVA API教程：[http://www.07net01.com/2016/07/1603264.html][http_www.07net01.com_2016_07_1603264.html] ### 1. Java API批量导出 ### Settings settings = ImmutableSettings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch-bigdata").build(); Client client = new TransportClient(settings) .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress("10.58.71.6", 9300)); SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("bigdata").setTypes("student") .setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()).setSize(10000).setScroll(new TimeValue(6000 00)) .setSearchType(SearchType.SCAN).execute().actionGet();//setSearchType(SearchType.Scan) 告诉ES不需要排序只要结果返回即可 setScroll(new TimeValue(600000)) 设置滚动的时间 String scrollid = response.getScrollId(); try { //把导出的结果以JSON的格式写到文件里 BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("es", true)); //每次返回数据10000条。一直循环查询直到所有的数据都查询出来 while (true) { SearchResponse response2 = client.prepareSearchScroll(scrollid).setScroll(new TimeValue(1000000)) .execute().actionGet(); SearchHits searchHit = response2.getHits(); //再次查询不到数据时跳出循环 if (searchHit.getHits().length == 0) { break; } System.out.println("查询数量 ：" + searchHit.getHits().length); for (int i = 0; i < searchHit.getHits().length; i++) { String json = searchHit.getHits()[i].getSourceAsString(); out.write(json); out.write("\r\n"); } } System.out.println("查询结束"); out.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } ### 2. Java API 批量导入 ### Settings settings = ImmutableSettings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch-bigdata").build(); Client client = new TransportClient(settings) .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress("10.58.71.6", 9300)); try { //读取刚才导出的ES数据 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("es")); String json = null; int count = 0; //开启批量插入 BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk(); while ((json = br.readLine()) != null) { bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("bigdata", "student").setSource(json)); //每一千条提交一次 if (count% 1000==0) { bulkRequest.execute().actionGet(); System.out.println("提交了：" + count); } count++; } bulkRequest.execute().actionGet(); System.out.println("插入完毕"); br.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } ### elasticsearch导入数据的两种方法 ### #### 第一种方法：手动导入 #### 1、`cat test.json` {"index":{"_index":"stuff_orders","_type":"order_list","_id":903713}} {"real_name":"刘备","user_id":48430,"address_province":"上海","address_city":"浦东新区","address_district":null,"address_street":"上海市浦东新区广兰路1弄2号345室","price":30.0,"carriage":6.0,"state":"canceled","created_at":"2013-10-24T09:09:28.000Z","payed_at":null,"goods":["营养早餐：火腿麦满分"],"position":[121.53,31.22],"weight":70.0,"height":172.0,"sex_type":"female","birthday":"1988-01-01"} 2、导入elasticsearch [root@ELKServer opt]# curl -XPOST ‘localhost:9200/stuff_orders/_bulk?pretty‘ --data-binary @test.json { "took" : 600, "errors" : false, "items" : [ { "index" : { "_index" : "stuff_orders", "_type" : "order_list", "_id" : "903713", "_version" : 1, "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "status" : 201 } } ] } 3、查看elasticsearch是否存在数据 [root@ELKServer opt]# curl localhost:9200/stuff_orders/order_list/903713?pretty { "_index" : "stuff_orders", "_type" : "order_list", "_id" : "903713", "_version" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "real_name" : "刘备", "user_id" : 48430, "address_province" : "上海", "address_city" : "浦东新区", "address_district" : null, "address_street" : "上海市浦东新区广兰路1弄2号345室", "price" : 30.0, "carriage" : 6.0, "state" : "canceled", "created_at" : "2013-10-24T09:09:28.000Z", "payed_at" : null, "goods" : [ "营养早餐：火腿麦满分" ], "position" : [ 121.53, 31.22 ], "weight" : 70.0, "height" : 172.0, "sex_type" : "female", "birthday" : "1988-01-01" } } #### 第二种方法：从数据库中导入 #### 1、下载安装插件elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0 wget http://xbib.org/repository/org/xbib/elasticsearch/importer/elasticsearch-jdbc/2.3.4.0/elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0-dist.zip # elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0-dist.zip的版本要和你安装的elasticsearch对应。 unzip elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0-dist.zip mv elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0 /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0/ 2、配置脚本 vim import.sh #!/bin/sh JDBC_IMPORTER_HOME=/usr/local/elasticsearch-jdbc-2.3.4.0 bin=$JDBC_IMPORTER_HOME/bin lib=$JDBC_IMPORTER_HOME/lib echo ‘{ "type" : "jdbc", "jdbc": { "elasticsearch.autodiscover":true, "elasticsearch.cluster":"my-application", #簇名 详见：/usr/local/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml "url":"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", #mysql数据库地址 "user":"test", #mysql用户名 "password":"1234", #mysql密码 "sql":"select *,id as _id from workers_info", "elasticsearch" : { "host" : "192.168.10.49", "port" : 9300 }, "index" : "myindex", #新的index "type" : "mytype" #新的type } }‘| java -cp "${lib}/*" -Dlog4j.configurationFile=${bin}/log4j2.xml org.xbib.tools.Runner org.xbib.tools.JDBCImporter chmod + import.sh sh import.sh 3、查看数据是否导入elasticsearch [root@ELKServer bin]# curl -XGET ‘http://localhost:9200/myindex/mytype/_search?pretty‘ { "took" : 15, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 1, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "myindex", "_type" : "mytype", "_id" : "AVZyXCReGHjmX33dpJi3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "id" : 1, "workername" : "xing", "salary" : 10000, "tel" : "1598232123", "mailbox" : "xing@qq.com", "department" : "yanfa", "sex" : "F", "qq" : 736019646, "EmployedDates" : "2012-12-21T00:00:00.000+08:00" } } ] } } ## 实战代码 ## 古诗文搜索引擎实战github地址：[https://github.com/AngelaFighting/gushiwensearch][https_github.com_AngelaFighting_gushiwensearch] 1、启动ES Windows系统，在ES目录的bin目录中打开命令行窗口，输入命令：·elasticsearch.bat·，回车，如果看到ES集群显示started并且状态为Green，则说明启动成功 2、使用浏览器打开首页 ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70] 输入要查询的内容，并选择搜索范围，点击搜索按钮 ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1] 可看到匹配的结果数和各个结果的部分信息。 点击某篇诗文的链接，就可以查看诗文的详细信息了。 ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2] [https_www.elastic.co_products_elasticsearch]: https://www.elastic.co/products/elasticsearch [http_www.cnblogs.com_chowmin_articles_4629220.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/chowmin/articles/4629220.html [https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_current_zip-targz.html]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/zip-targz.html [http_blog.csdn.net_cnweike_article_details_33736429]: http://blog.csdn.net/cnweike/article/details/33736429 [http_www.07net01.com_2016_07_1603264.html]: http://www.07net01.com/2016/07/1603264.html [https_github.com_AngelaFighting_gushiwensearch]: https://github.com/AngelaFighting/gushiwensearch [watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220404/5c5d2ecace4b4397b13e50ba9847cc3b.png [watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20220404/0f67dfe3025f4ea28e8c5011cb673496.png [watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0ZpZ2h0aW5nX05vMQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: /images/20220404/d1b14ec92a154876a513a8424a1a87b9.png
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