python 获取邮箱附件

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2021-12-11 16:53 592阅读 0赞

使用方法　/usr/bin/python2.7  ./getMail.py  <邮件标题>

代码里有个base\_save\_path是附件存放的目录，可以改成其它路径。

getMail.py代码：

#!/usr/bin/python2.7
    # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
     
     
    import poplib
    import email
    import sys
    from email.parser import Parser
    from email.header import decode_header
    from email.utils import parseaddr
     
     
    def decode_str(s):
      value, charset = decode_header(s)[0]
      if charset:
        value = value.decode(charset)
      return value
     
     
    def guess_charset(msg):
      # 先从msg对象获取编码:
      charset = msg.get_charset()
      if charset is None:
        # 如果获取不到，再从Content-Type字段获取:
        content_type = msg.get('Content-Type', '').lower()
        pos = content_type.find('charset=')
        if pos >= 0:
          charset = content_type[pos + 8:].strip()
      return charset
     
     
    def get_email_headers(msg):
      # 邮件的From, To, Subject存在于根对象上:
      headers = {}
      for header in ['From', 'To', 'Subject', 'Date']:
        value = msg.get(header, '')
        if value:
          if header == 'Date':
            headers['date'] = value
          if header == 'Subject':
            # 需要解码Subject字符串:
            subject = decode_str(value)
            headers['subject'] = subject
          else:
            # 需要解码Email地址:
            hdr, addr = parseaddr(value)
            name = decode_str(hdr)
            value = u'%s <%s>' % (name, addr)
            if header == 'From':
              from_address = value
              headers['from'] = from_address
            else:
              to_address = value
              headers['to'] = to_address
      content_type = msg.get_content_type()
      print 'head content_type: ', content_type
      return headers
     
     
    # indent用于缩进显示:
    def get_email_cntent(message, base_save_path):
      j = 0
      content = ''
      attachment_files = []
      for part in message.walk():
        j = j + 1
        file_name = part.get_filename()
        contentType = part.get_content_type()
        # 保存附件
        if file_name: # Attachment
          # Decode filename
          h = email.Header.Header(file_name)
          dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
          filename = dh[0][0]
          if dh[0][1]: # 如果包含编码的格式，则按照该格式解码
            filename = unicode(filename, dh[0][1])
            filename = filename.encode("utf-8")
          data = part.get_payload(decode=True)
          att_file = open(base_save_path + filename, 'wb')
          attachment_files.append(filename)
          att_file.write(data)
          att_file.close()
        elif contentType == 'text/plain' or contentType == 'text/html':
          # 保存正文
          data = part.get_payload(decode=True)
          charset = guess_charset(part)
          if charset:
            charset = charset.strip().split(';')[0]
            print 'charset:', charset
            data = data.decode(charset)
          content = data
      return content, attachment_files
     
     
    if __name__ == '__main__':
      # 输入邮件地址, 口令和POP3服务器地址:
      emailaddress = '邮箱地址'
      # 注意使用开通POP，SMTP等的授权码
      password = '密码'
      pop3_server = 'pop.163.com'
     
      # 连接到POP3服务器:
      server = poplib.POP3(pop3_server)
      # 可以打开或关闭调试信息:
      # server.set_debuglevel(1)
      # POP3服务器的欢迎文字:
      print server.getwelcome()
      # 身份认证:
      server.user(emailaddress)
      server.pass_(password)
      # stat()返回邮件数量和占用空间:
      messagesCount, messagesSize = server.stat()
      print 'messagesCount:', messagesCount
      print 'messagesSize:', messagesSize
      '''
      # list()返回所有邮件的编号:
      resp, mails, octets = server.list()
      print '------ resp ------'
      print resp # +OK 46 964346 响应的状态 邮件数量 邮件占用的空间大小
      print '------ mails ------'
      print mails # 所有邮件的编号及大小的编号list，['1 2211', '2 29908', ...]
      print '------ octets ------'
      print octets
    
      # 获取最新一封邮件, 注意索引号从1开始:
      length = len(mails)
      for i in range(length):
        resp, lines, octets = server.retr(i + 1)
      '''
     
      # 获取最新一封邮件, 注意索引号从1开始:
      #length = len(mails)
      #for i in range(length):
      for i in range(messagesCount, -1, -1):
        resp, lines, octets = server.retr(i)
        #resp, lines, octets = server.retr(messagesCount)
        # lines存储了邮件的原始文本的每一行,
        # 可以获得整个邮件的原始文本:
        msg_content = '\n'.join(lines)
        # 把邮件内容解析为Message对象：
        msg = Parser().parsestr(msg_content)
       
        # 但是这个Message对象本身可能是一个MIMEMultipart对象，即包含嵌套的其他MIMEBase对象，
        # 嵌套可能还不止一层。所以我们要递归地打印出Message对象的层次结构：
        print '---------- 解析之后 ----------'
        base_save_path = '/etc/cron.d/'
        msg_headers = get_email_headers(msg)
        #print 'subject:', msg_headers['subject']
        #print 'from_address:', msg_headers['from']
        #print 'to_address:', msg_headers['to']
        #print 'date:', msg_headers['date']
        print 'argv[i]', sys.argv[1]
        if msg_headers['subject'] == sys.argv[1] :
          content, attachment_files = get_email_cntent(msg, base_save_path)
          break
          #print 'content:', content
        #print 'attachment_files: ', attachment_files
     
      # 关闭连接:
      server.quit()