Spring Cloud Eureka：服务注册与发现

小灰灰 2024-04-22 19:04 97阅读 0赞

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## Spring Cloud Eureka：服务注册与发现 ##

> Spring Cloud Eureka是Spring Cloud生态系统中的一个组件，它是用于实现服务注册与发现的服务治理组件。在微服务架构中，服务之间存在复杂的依赖关系，而Spring Cloud Eureka可以帮助解决服务之间相互查找和通信的问题

#### Eureka简介 ####

> Eureka是Netflix开源的服务发现组件，用于在分布式系统中实现服务注册与发现。它是Netflix公司在构建微服务架构时开发的核心组件之一，后来成为了Spring Cloud生态系统中的一部分

#### Eureka注册中心搭建 ####

#### Eureka服务端搭建 ####

>  *  eureka-server依赖导入
> 
>     <dependency>
>         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
>         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
>     </dependency>
> 
>  *  启动类添加注解`@EnableEurekaServer`
> 
>     @EnableEurekaServer
>     @SpringBootApplication
>     public class EurekaServerApplication {
>          
>         public static void main(String[] args) {
>          
>             SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
>         }
>     }
> 
>  *  配置文件application.yml配置
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8001 #指定运行端口
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-server #指定服务名称
>     eureka:
>       instance:
>         hostname: localhost #指定主机地址
>       client:
>         fetch-registry: false #指定是否要从注册中心获取服务（注册中心不需要开启）
>         register-with-eureka: false #指定是否要注册到注册中心（注册中心不需要开启）
>       server:
>         enable-self-preservation: false #关闭保护模式

#### Eureka客户端搭建 ####

>  *  eureka-client依赖导入
> 
>     <dependency>
>         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
>         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
>     </dependency>
>     
>     <dependency>
>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
>     </dependency>
> 
>  *  启动类添加注解`@EnableDiscoveryClient`
> 
>     @EnableDiscoveryClient
>     @SpringBootApplication
>     public class EurekaClientApplication {
>          
>         public static void main(String[] args) {
>          
>             SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
>         }
>     }
> 
>  *  配置文件application.yml配置
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8101 #运行端口号
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-client #服务名称
>     eureka:
>       client:
>         register-with-eureka: true #注册到Eureka的注册中心
>         fetch-registry: true #获取注册实例列表
>         service-url:
>           defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/ #配置注册中心地址

#### Eureka集群搭建 ####

>  *  eureka-sever添加配置文件application-replica1.yml配置第一个注册中心
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8002
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-server
>     eureka:
>       instance:
>         hostname: replica1
>       client:
>         serviceUrl:
>           defaultZone: http://replica2:8003/eureka/ #注册到另一个Eureka注册中心
>         fetch-registry: true
>         register-with-eureka: true
> 
>  *  给eureka-sever添加配置文件application-replica2.yml配置第二个注册中心
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8003
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-server
>     eureka:
>       instance:
>         hostname: replica2
>       client:
>         serviceUrl:
>           defaultZone: http://replica1:8002/eureka/ #注册到另一个Eureka注册中心
>         fetch-registry: true
>         register-with-eureka: true
> 
>  *  修改Eureka-client，连接到集群
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8102
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-client
>     eureka:
>       client:
>         register-with-eureka: true
>         fetch-registry: true
>         service-url:
>           defaultZone: http://replica1:8002/eureka/,http://replica2:8003/eureka/ #同时注册到两个注册中心

#### Eureka添加认证 ####

>  *  添加SpringSecurity依赖
> 
>     <dependency>
>         <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
>         <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
>     </dependency>
>     
>     <dependency>
>         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
>         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
>     </dependency>
> 
>  *  添加application.yml配置文件（配置用户名、密码）
> 
>     server:
>       port: 8004
>     spring:
>       application:
>         name: eureka-security-server
>       security: #配置SpringSecurity登录用户名和密码
>         user:
>           name: macro
>           password: 123456
>     eureka:
>       instance:
>         hostname: localhost
>       client:
>         fetch-registry: false
>         register-with-eureka: false

> 添加 Java 配置WebSecurityConfig  
>   
>   
> 默认情况下，Spring Security会开启CSRF（Cross-Site Request Forgery）保护，这是一种用于防止跨站点请求伪造攻击的安全机制。当你添加了Spring Security依赖到应用程序中时，每个POST、PUT、DELETE等修改类请求都需要在请求头中包含CSRF token才能被服务器接受  
>   
>   
> 默认情况下添加SpringSecurity依赖的应用每个请求都需要添加CSRF token才能访问，Eureka客户端注册时并不会添加，所以需要配置/eureka/\*\*路径不需要CSRF token

>     @EnableWebSecurity
>     public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
>          
>     
>         @Override
>         protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
>          
>             http.csrf().ignoringAntMatchers("/eureka/**");
>             super.configure(http);
>         }
>     }

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