Spring Cloud Eureka:服务注册与发现
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Spring Cloud Eureka:服务注册与发现
Spring Cloud Eureka是Spring Cloud生态系统中的一个组件,它是用于实现服务注册与发现的服务治理组件。在微服务架构中,服务之间存在复杂的依赖关系,而Spring Cloud Eureka可以帮助解决服务之间相互查找和通信的问题
Eureka简介
Eureka是Netflix开源的服务发现组件,用于在分布式系统中实现服务注册与发现。它是Netflix公司在构建微服务架构时开发的核心组件之一,后来成为了Spring Cloud生态系统中的一部分
Eureka注册中心搭建
Eureka服务端搭建
eureka-server依赖导入
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server 启动类添加注解
@EnableEurekaServer
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
配置文件application.yml配置
server:
port: 8001 #指定运行端口
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server #指定服务名称
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost #指定主机地址
client:
fetch-registry: false #指定是否要从注册中心获取服务(注册中心不需要开启)
register-with-eureka: false #指定是否要注册到注册中心(注册中心不需要开启)
server:
enable-self-preservation: false #关闭保护模式
Eureka客户端搭建
eureka-client依赖导入
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web 启动类添加注解
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
配置文件application.yml配置
server:
port: 8101 #运行端口号
spring:
application:
name: eureka-client #服务名称
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true #注册到Eureka的注册中心
fetch-registry: true #获取注册实例列表
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/ #配置注册中心地址
Eureka集群搭建
eureka-sever添加配置文件application-replica1.yml配置第一个注册中心
server:
port: 8002
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server
eureka:
instance:
hostname: replica1
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://replica2:8003/eureka/ #注册到另一个Eureka注册中心
fetch-registry: true
register-with-eureka: true
给eureka-sever添加配置文件application-replica2.yml配置第二个注册中心
server:
port: 8003
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server
eureka:
instance:
hostname: replica2
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://replica1:8002/eureka/ #注册到另一个Eureka注册中心
fetch-registry: true
register-with-eureka: true
修改Eureka-client,连接到集群
server:
port: 8102
spring:
application:
name: eureka-client
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: true
fetch-registry: true
service-url:
defaultZone: http://replica1:8002/eureka/,http://replica2:8003/eureka/ #同时注册到两个注册中心
Eureka添加认证
添加SpringSecurity依赖
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-security 添加application.yml配置文件(配置用户名、密码)
server:
port: 8004
spring:
application:
name: eureka-security-server
security: #配置SpringSecurity登录用户名和密码
user:
name: macro
password: 123456
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
client:
fetch-registry: false
register-with-eureka: false
添加 Java 配置WebSecurityConfig
默认情况下,Spring Security会开启CSRF(Cross-Site Request Forgery)保护,这是一种用于防止跨站点请求伪造攻击的安全机制。当你添加了Spring Security依赖到应用程序中时,每个POST、PUT、DELETE等修改类请求都需要在请求头中包含CSRF token才能被服务器接受
默认情况下添加SpringSecurity依赖的应用每个请求都需要添加CSRF token才能访问,Eureka客户端注册时并不会添加,所以需要配置
/eureka/**
路径不需要CSRF token
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.csrf().ignoringAntMatchers("/eureka/**");
super.configure(http);
}
}
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