Apache HttpClient库来发送HTTP请求和接收响应

迈不过友情╰ 2023-10-13 11:52 31阅读 0赞

要使用Apache HttpClient库来发送HTTP请求和接收响应，你需要按照以下步骤进行操作：

1.  **导入HttpClient库**: 首先，在你的Java项目中添加Apache HttpClient库的依赖。如果你使用Maven作为项目构建工具，可以在`pom.xml`文件中添加以下依赖项：

<dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.10</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>

xml复制代码

`<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.13</version> </dependency> </dependencies>`

1.  **创建HttpClient实例**: 创建HttpClient对象以执行HTTP请求。

java复制代码

`import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder; CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();`

1.  **创建HTTP请求**: 创建一个HttpUriRequest对象，以指定请求类型和URL。

java复制代码

`import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest; // GET请求示例 HttpUriRequest request = new HttpGet("http://example.com/api"); // POST请求示例 HttpUriRequest request = new HttpPost("http://example.com/api");`

1.  **设置请求参数**: 如果需要，你可以设置请求头、请求体或其他请求参数。

java复制代码

`// 设置请求头信息 request.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 设置请求体 String requestBody = "{ \"key\": \"value\" }"; ((HttpPost) request).setEntity(new StringEntity(requestBody));`

1.  **发送请求并获取响应**: 使用HttpClient对象发送请求，并获得服务器的响应。

java复制代码

`import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler; CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); // 使用BasicResponseHandler将响应内容转换为字符串 ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler(); String responseBody = responseHandler.handleResponse(response);`

1.  **处理响应**: 对获得的响应进行处理，包括获取状态码、响应头和

这是一个示例

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
            // GET请求示例
            HttpUriRequest requestGET = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8082/base/personbychineseName?unitchineseName=第三舰队");
            System.out.println("requestGET = " + requestGET);
            // POST请求示例
           // HttpUriRequest requestPOST = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/base/listb");
            HttpUriRequest requestPOST = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8082/unit/queryunitbybase");
            // 设置请求头信息
            requestPOST.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    
    
            // 设置请求体
            //String requestBody = "{ \"chineseName\": \"横须贺港\" }";
             String requestBody = "{\"chineseName\":\"横须贺港\"}";
            //String requestBody = "{\"chName\":\"高雄海軍基地\",\"type\":\"海基\",\"country\":\"台湾\",\"catagory\":\"蓝方\"}";
            ((HttpPost) requestPOST).setEntity(new StringEntity(requestBody,"UTF-8"));
            System.out.println("requestPOST = " + requestPOST);
    
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(requestPOST);
            //CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(requestGET);
    
          // 使用BasicResponseHandler将响应内容转换为字符串
            ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
            String responseBody = responseHandler.handleResponse(response);
            System.out.println("responseBody = " + responseBody);
        }