英语语法回顾3——名词和名词性从句
一,名词可以充当的成分
主语:The movie looks terrific
宾语:I admire his mother
表语:Kata is a man
同位语:I enjoying the part,the begin
什么是同位语:用来解释名词的成分就是同位语
例:I like Tason,a well-known singer from HK(是用来解释前面的Tason这个人的,所以它是同位语)
例:My mathor,a typical housewife,enjoy playing MahJong,a chinese entertainment
结论:只要在作文中见到名词,都可以有意识的在它后面加一个同位语,对该名词进行补充说明。
例:Persistence plays a critical role in glories of all children and adults——》
Persistence,an active mentality, plays a critical role in glories of all children and adults
可以充当同位语的成分有:名词,代词,非谓语动词,从句
二,什么是名词性从句?
名词在句子中能够充当的成分,从句都能充当。这就是名词从句
例如
- What I saw is attractive.主语从句
- I appreciate what she said 宾语从句
- Cump is who should learn from 表语从句
- I enjoy the part that a furthr is flying in the sky同位语从句
三,名词性从句的引导词
- 他已经离婚了,是我的错
- That he has got divorced is my fault
- 他已经离婚了吗,是显而易见的
- Whether he has got divorced is obvious
- 他要和谁结婚啊,是一个秘密
- Who he will marry is a secret
名词性从句的引导词是按从句类型分的类,一共把引导词分成三类
- That:当从句是陈述句时,that在从句中不充当成分,没有任何意思
- whether:当从句是一般疑问句时,whether在从句中不充当成分,意思是“是否”
- 所有的特殊已疑问词:当从句是特殊疑问句时
注意:英语中所有的从句都是陈述句的形式——》引导词+主语+谓语
练习:
- 我正在思考外星人存在吗?
- I am thinking whether alien exist
- 女人总是对的,是一个常识
- ladies tend to be right that remains common knowledge
- 我的意思是,孝敬父母是中华民族传统美德。
- My meaning is that respecting parents keeps a traditonal vintue of china
- 有一天你会发现,事业,亲情,友情都比爱情重要
- Someday,one will perceive that career,kinship and friendshilp prove indispansable than romance
- 关键是你什么时候有钱呢
- The point seems when wealth will be available for you
四,名词性从句的考点分析:
1,主语从句在写作中的应用
主语从句的满分句型:
it….that…. (把主语从句放在句末,用it做形式主语,它可以写在作文中任何一句话的前面,用来拉长句子)
it is apparent that….(显而易见。。。。)作文开头,末尾
it looks beyond dispute that…. (显而易见。。。。)
it has been widely accepted that….(显而易见。。。。)
it is universally acknowledged that…(显而易见。。。。)
it keeps my argument that…(我认为…)
例:显而易见,关于勤奋这个话题已经引起广泛的关注了。
It looks beyond disput that the issue about diligence has been brought into limelight.
2,同位语从句
例:他已经找到了一个女朋友,这件事情使他的家人很开心
The matter that he managed to find a girlfriend makes his superiors rejoiced
同位语从句既可以放在它解释的名词后(写作时),也可以放在整句话的后面(长难句)
例:没什么可以掩盖,他正在变老这个事实。
Nothing can hide the truth that she is geting old
例:河南都是骗子这种想法都是错误的
The outlook proves wrong that peopel in HeNan seems all deceivers
例:温室里的花朵不能经受风雨,这个事实表明我们不应该溺爱孩子
The evidence that flouwers in the greenhouse fail to undergo storms indicates that kids should by no means be spoiled by their senior citizens
3,长难句分析
目的:能够识别各个名词性从句把它们通顺的翻译出来
如何识别主语从句:只要见到有引导词放在句首,并且从句后没有被逗号隔开就一定是主语从句,主语从句从句首开始到主句的谓语动词之前结束。除此以外在分析长难句的时候见到it…that…也通常是主语从句,主语从句从that开始句末结束。
如何进行长难句分析?
答:1,先分析句子的结构,找出谓语动词划分主谓宾,找出连词和引导词进一步划分
2,找到主语,谓语,宾语,状语,定语,补语将他们分开翻译
3,将翻译好的句子调整顺序后连成一句话
练习:
interpreted(解释)
turn rests upon:建立在。。。之上
如何识别宾语从句:
只要谓语动词的后面有个引导词就暂定为宾语从句(状语从句还没有讲哦)
主语前面是状语
例题:
take a loss亏损
force sb to do…迫使某人去做。。。
reasoning 推理 in doing sth在。。。过程中
如何表语从句:只要系动词的后面有个引导词就是表语从句
be preoccupied by…专注于。。。
同位语从句:只要名词的后面有个引导词就暂定为同位语从句(更可能是定语从句)
formulated 阐述
rests on取决于 convention风俗,习惯
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