史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第七篇: 高可用的分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)

た入场券 2022-06-16 23:47 143阅读 0赞

> 转载请标明出处：  
> https://www.fangzhipeng.com/springcloud/2017/06/07/sc07-config.html  
> 本文出自[方志朋的博客][Link 1]

**个人博客纯净版：[https://www.fangzhipeng.com/springcloud/2017/06/07/sc07-config.html][https_www.fangzhipeng.com_springcloud_2017_06_07_sc07-config.html]**

最新Finchley版本请访问：  
https://www.fangzhipeng.com/springcloud/2018/08/07/sc-f7-config.html  
或者  
http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/81041045

上一篇文章讲述了一个服务如何从配置中心读取文件，配置中心如何从远程git读取配置文件，当服务实例很多时，都从配置中心读取文件，这时可以考虑将配置中心做成一个微服务，将其集群化，从而达到高可用，架构图如下：

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9mb3JlenAuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

### 一、准备工作 ###

继续使用上一篇文章的工程，创建一个eureka-server工程，用作服务注册中心。

在其pom.xml文件引入Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server，代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
    	<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
    	<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    	<name>eureka-server</name>
    	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
    	<parent>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    		<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
    		<relativePath/> 
    	</parent>
    
    	<properties>
    		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
    	</properties>
    
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    
    	<dependencyManagement>
    		<dependencies>
    			<dependency>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    				<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
    				<type>pom</type>
    				<scope>import</scope>
    			</dependency>
    		</dependencies>
    	</dependencyManagement>
    
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    
    	<repositories>
    		<repository>
    			<id>spring-milestones</id>
    			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
    			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
    			<snapshots>
    				<enabled>false</enabled>
    			</snapshots>
    		</repository>
    	</repositories>
    
    
    </project>

在配置文件application.yml上，指定服务端口为8889，加上作为服务注册中心的基本配置，代码如下：

server:
      port: 8889
    
    eureka:
      instance:
        hostname: localhost
      client:
        registerWithEureka: false
        fetchRegistry: false
        serviceUrl:
          defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

入口类：

@EnableEurekaServer
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class EurekaServerApplication {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    	}
    }

### 二、改造config-server ###

在其pom.xml文件加上EurekaClient的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka，代码如下:

<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>

配置文件application.yml，指定服务注册地址为http://localhost:8889/eureka/，其他配置同上一篇文章，完整的配置如下：

spring.application.name=config-server
    server.port=8888
    
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo
    spring.cloud.config.label=master
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.username= your username
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.password= your password
    eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8889/eureka/

最后需要在程序的启动类Application加上@EnableEureka的注解。

### 三、改造config-client ###

将其注册微到服务注册中心，作为Eureka客户端，需要pom文件加上起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka，代码如下：

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    			<scope>test</scope>
    		</dependency>

配置文件bootstrap.properties，注意是bootstrap。加上服务注册地址为http://localhost:8889/eureka/

spring.application.name=config-client
    spring.cloud.config.label=master
    spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
    #spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/
    
    eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8889/eureka/
    spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled=true
    spring.cloud.config.discovery.serviceId=config-server
    server.port=8881

*  spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled 是从配置中心读取文件。
 *  spring.cloud.config.discovery.serviceId 配置中心的servieId，即服务名。

这时发现，在读取配置文件不再写ip地址，而是服务名，这时如果配置服务部署多份，通过负载均衡，从而高可用。

依次启动eureka-servr,config-server,config-client  
访问网址：http://localhost:8889/

![在这里插入图片描述][20190601113504267.png]

访问http://localhost:8881/hi，浏览器显示：

> foo version 3

本文源码下载：  
[https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/chapter7][https_github.com_forezp_SpringCloudLearning_tree_master_chapter7]

### 四、参考资料 ###

[spring\_cloud\_config][spring_cloud_config]

### 更多阅读 ###

[史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程汇总][SpringCloud]

[SpringBoot教程汇总][SpringBoot]

[Java面试题系列汇总][Java]

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**（转载本站文章请注明作者和出处 [方志朋的博客][Link 1]）**

[Link 1]: https://www.fangzhipeng.com
[https_www.fangzhipeng.com_springcloud_2017_06_07_sc07-config.html]: https://www.fangzhipeng.com/springcloud/2017/06/07/sc07-config.html
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9mb3JlenAuYmxvZy5jc2RuLm5ldA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20220617/62a3dc3cde084165b27319abb5007db7.png
[20190601113504267.png]: /images/20220617/c046ca4caf2c41cd91c64f8c0e9e1f7c.png
[https_github.com_forezp_SpringCloudLearning_tree_master_chapter7]: https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/chapter7
[spring_cloud_config]: http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/spring-cloud.html#_spring_cloud_config
[SpringCloud]: https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70148833
[SpringBoot]: https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70341818
[Java]: https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/85163411
[SouthEast]: /images/20220617/54f24d63e8f547198df1e8c8dfc21947.png