史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第六篇: 分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)

青旅半醒 2022-06-14 00:40 128阅读 0赞

> 转载请标明出处：   
> [http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70037291][http_blog.csdn.net_forezp_article_details_70037291]   
> 本文出自[方志朋的博客][Link 1]   
> 在上一篇文章讲述zuul的时候，已经提到过，使用配置服务来保存各个服务的配置文件。它就是Spring Cloud Config。

### 一、简介 ###

在分布式系统中，spring cloud config 提供一个服务端和客户端去提供可扩展的配置服务。我们可用用配置服务中心区集中的管理所有的服务的各种环境配置文件。配置服务中心采用git的方式存储配置文件，因此我们很容易部署修改，有助于对环境配置进行版本管理。

### 二、构建Config Server ###

创建一个spring-boot项目，取名为config-server,其pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
        <artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>config-server</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Camden.SR6</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
    
    
    </project>
    
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17
       18
       19
       20
       21
       22
       23
       24
       25
       26
       27
       28
       29
       30
       31
       32
       33
       34
       35
       36
       37
       38
       39
       40
       41
       42
       43
       44
       45
       46
       47
       48
       49
       50
       51
       52
       53
       54
       55
       56
       57
       58
       59
       60
       61
       62
       63
       64
       65
       66
       67
       68
       69
       70
       71
       72
       73
       74
       75
       76
       77
       78
       79
       80
       81
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17
       18
       19
       20
       21
       22
       23
       24
       25
       26
       27
       28
       29
       30
       31
       32
       33
       34
       35
       36
       37
       38
       39
       40
       41
       42
       43
       44
       45
       46
       47
       48
       49
       50
       51
       52
       53
       54
       55
       56
       57
       58
       59
       60
       61
       62
       63
       64
       65
       66
       67
       68
       69
       70
       71
       72
       73
       74
       75
       76
       77
       78
       79
       80
       81

在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器。

@SpringBootApplication
    @EnableConfigServer
    public class ConfigServerApplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
        }
    }
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10

需要在配置中心配置下：

spring.application.name=config-server
    server.port=8888
    
    
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo
    spring.cloud.config.label=master
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=your username
    spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=your password
    
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11

*  spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri：配置git仓库地址
 *  spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置仓库路径
 *  spring.cloud.config.label：配置仓库的分支
 *  spring.cloud.config.server.git.username：访问git仓库的用户名
 *  spring.cloud.config.server.git.password：访问git仓库的用户密码

远程仓库[https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/][https_github.com_forezp_SpringcloudConfig] 中又个文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一个属性：

> foo = foo version 3

启动程序：访问[http://localhost:8888/foo/dev][http_localhost_8888_foo_dev]

{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":"master",
    "version":"792ffc77c03f4b138d28e89b576900ac5e01a44b","state":null,"propertySources":[]}
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3

证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

*  /\{application\}/\{profile\}\[/\{label\}\]
 *  /\{application\}-\{profile\}.yml
 *  /\{label\}/\{application\}-\{profile\}.yml
 *  /\{application\}-\{profile\}.properties
 *  /\{label\}/\{application\}-\{profile\}.properties

### 三、构建一个config client ###

重新创建一个springboot项目，取名为config-client,其pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
        <artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>config-client</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> 
        </parent>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>Dalston.RC1</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    
        <repositories>
            <repository>
                <id>spring-milestones</id>
                <name>Spring Milestones</name>
                <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
                <snapshots>
                    <enabled>false</enabled>
                </snapshots>
            </repository>
        </repositories>
    
    
    </project>
    
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17
       18
       19
       20
       21
       22
       23
       24
       25
       26
       27
       28
       29
       30
       31
       32
       33
       34
       35
       36
       37
       38
       39
       40
       41
       42
       43
       44
       45
       46
       47
       48
       49
       50
       51
       52
       53
       54
       55
       56
       57
       58
       59
       60
       61
       62
       63
       64
       65
       66
       67
       68
       69
       70
       71
       72
       73
       74
       75
       76
       77
       78
       79
       80
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17
       18
       19
       20
       21
       22
       23
       24
       25
       26
       27
       28
       29
       30
       31
       32
       33
       34
       35
       36
       37
       38
       39
       40
       41
       42
       43
       44
       45
       46
       47
       48
       49
       50
       51
       52
       53
       54
       55
       56
       57
       58
       59
       60
       61
       62
       63
       64
       65
       66
       67
       68
       69
       70
       71
       72
       73
       74
       75
       76
       77
       78
       79
       80

其配置文件：

spring.application.name=config-client
    spring.cloud.config.label=master
    spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
    spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/
    server.port=8881
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6

*  spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
 *  spring.cloud.config.profile
    
     *  dev开发环境配置文件
     *  test测试环境
     *  pro正式环境
 *  spring.cloud.config.uri= [http://localhost:8888/][http_localhost_8888] 指明配置服务中心的网址。

程序的入口类：

@SpringBootApplication
    @RestController
    public class ConfigClientApplication { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
        }
    
        @Value("${foo}")
        String foo;
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
        public String hi(){
            return foo;
        }
    }
    
    
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17
      
     
      
       1
       2
       3
       4
       5
       6
       7
       8
       9
       10
       11
       12
       13
       14
       15
       16
       17

打开网址访问：[http://localhost:8881/hi][http_localhost_8881_hi]，网页显示：

> foo version 3

这就说明，config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性，而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图：

![Azure (2).png][Azure _2_.png]

本文源码下载：   
[https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/chapter6][https_github.com_forezp_SpringCloudLearning_tree_master_chapter6]

### 四、参考资料 ###

[spring\_cloud\_config][spring_cloud_config]

### 优秀文章推荐： ###

*  [史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程 | 终章][SpringCloud _ _]
 *  [史上最简单的 SpringCloud 教程 | 第一篇: 服务的注册与发现（Eureka）][SpringCloud _ _ _ _Eureka]
 *  [史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第七篇: 高可用的分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)][SpringCloud_ _ _ _Spring Cloud Config]

[http_blog.csdn.net_forezp_article_details_70037291]: http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70037291
[Link 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/forezp
[https_github.com_forezp_SpringcloudConfig]: https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
[http_localhost_8888_foo_dev]: http://localhost:8888/foo/dev
[http_localhost_8888]: http://localhost:8888/
[http_localhost_8881_hi]: http://localhost:8881/hi
[Azure _2_.png]: /images/20220614/ac9f9dc350a7476c9c5915cdff8c9b08.png
[https_github.com_forezp_SpringCloudLearning_tree_master_chapter6]: https://github.com/forezp/SpringCloudLearning/tree/master/chapter6
[spring_cloud_config]: http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/spring-cloud.html#_spring_cloud_config
[SpringCloud _ _]: http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70148833
[SpringCloud _ _ _ _Eureka]: http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/69696915
[SpringCloud_ _ _ _Spring Cloud Config]: http://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/70037513

史上最简单的SpringCloud教程 | 第六篇: 分布式配置中心(Spring Cloud Config)

发表评论取消回复

还没有评论，来说两句吧...

相关阅读