python 运用Django 开发后台接口（二）上传文件

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-05-31 07:26 344阅读 0赞

1 新建django项目（2.02）

django-admin startproject apiTest

2 新建app

在项目目录下

G:\apiTest>python manage.py startapp runcase

3 打开apiTest\\apiTest\\settings.py 将新建app添加到配置文件

INSTALLED_APPS = [
        'django.contrib.admin',
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
        'runcase',
    ]

4 创建数据库

编辑apiTest\\runcase\\models.py文件

from django.db import models
    
    
    # Create your models here.
    class Upload(models.Model):
        file_path = models.FileField(upload_to='./runcase/upload/')

同步数据库，项目目录下执行命令

python manage.py makemigrations
    python manage.py migrate

5 创建视图

打开apiTest\\runcase\\views.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    from django.http import JsonResponse
    from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
    from django import forms
    from runcase.models import Upload
    
    
    # Create your views here.
    class UserForm(forms.Form):
        filename = forms.FileField()
    
    
    @csrf_exempt
    def test_api(request):
        if request.method == "POST":
            uf = UserForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
            if uf.is_valid():
                filename = uf.cleaned_data['filename']
                #写入数据库
                f = Upload()
                f.file_path = filename
                f.save()
                return JsonResponse({"result": 0, 'msg': '请求成功，开始执行测试用例'})
    
            return JsonResponse({"result": 1, 'msg': '请求失败'})
        else:
            return JsonResponse({"result": 1, 'msg': '请求失败'})

6 设置url

打开apiTest\\apiTest\\urls.py，修改为如下内容

from django.contrib import admin
    from django.urls import path, include
    from runcase import views
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
        path(r'runcase/', include('runcase.urls')),
    ]

新建 apiTest\\runcase\\urls.py 文件

from django.urls import path
    from runcase import views
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path(r'start', views.test_api, name='start'),
    ]

7 运行 server

apiTest>python manage.py runserver

8 用postman请求接口

![70][]

9 服务端检查文件是否上传成功

![70 1][]

[70]: /images/20220531/c38470cfc3984e57902fbdeee51d75e9.png
[70 1]: /images/20220531/fdcb00458159433ebd01cb2ce4ae4af8.png