CentOS7下搭建FTP服务器-蒲公英云

1、安装vsftpd

首先查看你是否安装了vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# vsftpd-3.0.2-10.el7.x86_64 （显示也就安装成功了！）

如果没有则安装vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vsftpd

安装完成后可以查看到安装的目录

[root@localhost ~]# whereis vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# vsftpd: /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd /usr/share/man/man8/vsftpd.8.gz

查看vsftpd服务的状态

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service

开启vsftpd服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service

设置vsftpd服务开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd.service
（或者：[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig vsftpd on）

2、配置vsftpd.conf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_deny=NO
local_root=/var/public_root
tcp_wrappers=YES
use_localtime=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES

3、添加FTP账户

这里设置的账户名为“test”，密码为“123456” （貌似最新的不能配置这种若类型密码了！！！）

当然你也可以通过 userdel -r test 删除用户

[root@localhost ~]# useradd test -s /sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]# passwd test

4、编辑user_list文件，允许test用户访问FTP

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list
# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody
test
~                                                                                      
~                                                                                      
~                                                                                                                                                                       
"/etc/vsftpd/user_list" 21L, 366C

5、建根目录，并设置访问权限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/public_root
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R test /var/public_root
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/public_root

6、防火墙设置

如果系统启用了防火墙和SELinux，那么还要做以下配置（默认情况下CentOS7是使用firewall和selinux的，不在使用iptables）

防火墙添加FTP服务

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=ftp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

设置SELinux

[root@localhost ~]# getsebool -a | grep ftp
[root@localhost ~]# setsebool -P ftpd_full_access on

或者修改配置文件彻底关闭selinux，需要重启机器(或者执行： setenforce 0)

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted

7、重启vsftpd服务器

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service