《Python编程从入门到实践》第五章_if语句

超、凢脫俗 2022-05-15 05:22 230阅读 0赞

print("5 if语句")
    print("5.1 一个简单示例")
    cars = ['audi', 'bmw', 'subaru', 'toyota']
    for car in cars:
        if car == 'bmw':
            print(car.upper())
        else:
            print(car.title())
    print("5.2.1检查是否相等")
    car = "bmw"
    car == "bmw"
    if car == "bmw":
        print("true")
    else:
        print("false")
    print("5.2.2 检查是否相等不考虑大小写")
    car = 'Audi'
    # 字符串检查时是区分大小写的
    print(car == 'audi')
    
    print(car.lower() == 'audi')
    print("检查是否不等")
    car = "bmw"
    print(car != "bmw")
    print(car != "audi")
    print("比较数字")
    age = 18
    print(age == 18)
    print(age != 19)
    print(age < 21)
    print(age > 21)
    print(age <= 21)
    print(age >= 21)
    print("5.2.5检查多个条件")
    print("and  多个条都成立则为True，否则为False")
    age = 19
    print(age > 18 and age > 17 and age > 16)
    print(age > 20 and age > 17 and age < 20)
    print("or 多个条件成立一个则为True，全部不成立则为False")
    age = 19
    print(age > 18 or age > 20 or age > 100)
    print(age > 100 or age > 20 or age > 200)
    print(" in 要判断特定的值是否在已包含的列表中")
    name = ['Frank', 'Alex', 'Bob']
    print('Frank' in name)
    print('aa' in name)
    print("not in 要判定特定的值不在包含的列表中")
    print('Frank' not in name)
    print('May' not in name)
    print("布尔表达式")
    print("5.3 if语句")
    print("5.3.1 简单的if语句")
    print("这是最长情况下的if结构了最短的情况下，仅仅只是用 if 就行了")
    # 选举
    age = 19
    if age >= 18:
        print("You are old enough to vote!")
    print("5.3.2两种选择情况下的，if-else")
    # 选举
    age = 17
    if age >= 18:
        print("You are old enough to vote!")
    else:
        print("Sorry,you are too young to vote!")
    print("5.3.3多种情况下if-elif-else,elif可以有多个")
    # 游乐园卖票
    age = 12
    if age < 4:
        print("You admission cost is $0.")
    elif age < 18:
        print("Your admission cost is $5.")
    else:
        print("Your admission cost is $10.")
    print("让代码更简洁")
    age = 12
    if age < 4:
        price = 0
    elif age < 18:
        price = 5
    else:
        price = 10
    print("Your admission cost is $" + str(price) + ",")
    # python并不要求if-elif结构后面必须有else代码块，else是一条包罗万象的语句，只要不满足就会执行else下的语句，
    # 可能会引起无效甚至恶意的数据，如果知道最终要测试的条件，应该考虑是用elif代替else！
    # 不管if-n个elif-else,只要满足一个，就只会执行判断为True下面的条件，不会执行其他的。
    # python将在列表至少包含一个元素的时候返回True，并在列表为空时返回False！
    print("5.3.4使用多个elif代码块")
    age = 12
    if age < 4:
        price = 0
    elif age < 18:
        price = 5
    elif age < 65:
        price = 10
    else:
        price = 5
    print("Your admission cost is $" + str(price) + ",")
    print("5.3.5省略else代码块")
    age = 12
    if age < 4:
        price = 0
    elif age < 18:
        price = 5
    elif age < 65:
        price = 10
    elif age >= 65:
        price = 5
    print("Your admission cost is $" + str(price) + ",")
    print("5.3.6测试多个条件")
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese']
    if 'mushrooms' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding mushrooms")
    if 'aaa0' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding aaa0")
    if 'extra cheese' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding extra cheese")
    print("Finshed making your pizza!")
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese']
    if 'mushrooms' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding mushrooms")
    elif 'aaa0' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding aaa0")
    elif 'extra cheese' in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding extra cheese")
    print("Finshed making your pizza!")
    print("5.4使用if语句处理列表")
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese']
    for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
        print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
    print("Finshed making your pizza")
    
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese']
    for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
        if requested_topping == 'extra cheese':
            print("Sorry,we are out of " + requested_topping + ",")
        else:
            print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
    print("Finished making your pizza")
    print("5.4.2确定列表不是空的")
    requested_toppings = []
    if requested_toppings:
        for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
            print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
        print("Finished making your pizza")
    else:
        print("Are you sure you want a plain pizza")
    print("5.4.3使用多个列表")
    available_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'olives', 'green peppers', 'pineapple', 'extra cheese']
    requested_toppings = ['mushrooms', 'extra cheese', 'aaaa']
    
    for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
        if requested_topping in available_toppings:
            print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
        else:
            print("Sorry,we are out of " + requested_topping + ",")
    print("Finished making your pizza")

输出：
    C:\Anaconda3\python.exe H:/python/venv/text
    5 if语句
    5.1 一个简单示例
    Audi
    BMW
    Subaru
    Toyota
    5.2.1检查是否相等
    true
    5.2.2 检查是否相等不考虑大小写
    False
    True
    检查是否不等
    False
    True
    比较数字
    True
    True
    True
    False
    True
    False
    5.2.5检查多个条件
    and  多个条都成立则为True，否则为False
    True
    False
    or 多个条件成立一个则为True，全部不成立则为False
    True
    False
     in 要判断特定的值是否在已包含的列表中
    True
    False
    not in 要判定特定的值不在包含的列表中
    False
    True
    布尔表达式
    5.3 if语句
    5.3.1 简单的if语句
    这是最长情况下的if结构了最短的情况下，仅仅只是用 if 就行了
    You are old enough to vote!
    5.3.2两种选择情况下的，if-else
    Sorry,you are too young to vote!
    5.3.3多种情况下if-elif-else,elif可以有多个
    Your admission cost is $5.
    让代码更简洁
    Your admission cost is $5,
    5.3.4使用多个elif代码块
    Your admission cost is $5,
    5.3.5省略else代码块
    Your admission cost is $5,
    5.3.6测试多个条件
    Adding mushrooms
    Adding extra cheese
    Finshed making your pizza!
    Adding mushrooms
    Finshed making your pizza!
    5.4使用if语句处理列表
    Adding mushrooms.
    Adding extra cheese.
    Finshed making your pizza
    Adding mushrooms.
    Sorry,we are out of extra cheese,
    Finished making your pizza
    5.4.2确定列表不是空的
    Are you sure you want a plain pizza
    5.4.3使用多个列表
    Adding mushrooms.
    Adding extra cheese.
    Sorry,we are out of aaaa,
    Finished making your pizza
    
    Process finished with exit code 0