dubbo+spring+springboot入门案例搭建

浅浅的花香味﹌ 2022-02-22 02:24 331阅读 0赞

不同服务之间或者多服务之间调用接口的场景实际中会经常遇到，目前市面上解决该问题比较流行的两大框架为dubbo和springcloud。

今天简单的建一个dubbo入门的案例，分为两个小案例一个和spring和结合案例，另一个是和springboot结合的案例，这里需要知道一点，dubbo是依赖spring环境的，不可以单独使用。搭建dubbo案例，需要安装zookeeper，可以从网上下载一个，解压后运行zkServer.cmd即可，zookeeper默认端口2181

1、dubbo+spring 的方式搭建

** ****1) 首先如果一个服务对其他服务公开接口，那么我们需要将这些对外的公共接口单独拿出来。第一步就是新建一个单独的公共接口模块**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

这里为了简单，只有一个用户接口

public interface UserService {
    
        /**
         * 获取用户名称
         */
        String  userName();
    
    
        /**
         * 获取用户ID
         */
        String  userId();
    }

** 2）、新建一个dubbo集成spring的服务模块**

**  **![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

dubbo的服务模块，这里以最简易的方式搭建，一个公共接口实现类，一个服务启动类，一个dubbo配置文件。

我们先看看pom需要引入的依赖，这里是父pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.zl.dubbo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo_demo</artifactId>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <modules>
            <module>api</module>
            <module>client</module>
            <module>service</module>
            <module>bootServer</module>
            <module>bootClient</module>
        </modules>
    
    
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
            <springframework.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</springframework.version>
            <dubbo.version>2.5.7</dubbo.version>
        </properties>
    
    
        <dependencies>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.5</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
                <scope>compile</scope>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </project>

当前服务模块的pom.xml：只需要引下父模块即可

UserService公共接口实现类：    **注意：这里的@Service注解时dubbo提供的注解，不是spring的注解！**

@Service
    public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    
        @Override
        public String userName() {
            return "张三";
        }
    
        @Override
        public String userId() {
            return "10001";
        }
    }

dubbo集成spring配置文件：  这里的dubbo我们使用注解的方式  dubbo-annotation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    	      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
    	 http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
    	 http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        
    
        
        <dubbo:application name="storeServer_annotation"/>
    
        
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.0.101:2181"/>
    
        
        <dubbo:protocol name="rmi" port="20880"/>
    
        <dubbo:annotation package="com.zl.service" />
    
    </beans>

以及最后一个启动类: Application.class

public class Application {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                    new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:dubbo-annotation.xml");
            //开启
            context.start();
            System.out.println("启动成功……");
            System.in.read();   //避免程序结束，这里需要阻塞
        }
    }

到此位置 ，dubbo服务端编写完毕

**3）、编写客户端模块**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

**  ** 客户端模块，这里主要作用是调用服务端接口，返回接口测试。为了简单java代码只有一个controller

这里是使用spring，所以我们为了测试需要集成tomcat,使用web.xml进行启动客户端服务进行测试。

首先需要新建客户端controller  ， @Reference是Dubbo提供的注解。这里的UserService是Dubbo通过zookeeper反射生成的一个代理对象，具体原理后面自行百度。

@Controller
    public class UserController {
    
        @Reference
        private UserService userService;
    
        @GetMapping("/index")
        public String user(HttpServletRequest request){
            String userId = userService.userId();
            String userName = userService.userName();
            request.setAttribute("userId",userId);
            request.setAttribute("userName",userName);
            return "index";
        }
    }

新建dubbo配置文件以及springMvc配置文件。 dubbo-annotation.xml   ;   spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    	 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    	      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
    	 http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
    	 http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        
        <dubbo:application name="enjoyStore_annotation"/>
    
        
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.0.101:2181" check="false"/>
    
        <dubbo:annotation package="com.zl.client.controller" />
    
    </beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd    
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd    
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
    
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.zl.client.controller"></context:component-scan>
    
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    
        </bean>
        <import resource="dubbo_annotation.xml"/>
    </beans>

后面是web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
             version="3.0">
    
        <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    
        
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
            <async-supported>true</async-supported>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
            
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
    
    </web-app>

以及一个简单的jsp页面，显示用户名和名称

<%@ page language="java"   contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <body>
    <h2>Hello World!666</h2>
    <h2>用户ID: ${userId}</h2>
    <h2>用户名: ${userName}</h2>
    </body>
    </html>

到此位置，客户端服务搭建完毕。好了，我们启动开始测试吧。

先启动服务端：即运行Application类的main方法。

然后为客户端client添加一个tomcat容器，启动。

访问: http://localhost:8080/index

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

发现数据获取完毕，我们在打个断点看看。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

发现这个userService对象的确是一个代理对象。  结束！

**2、使用dubbo+springboot搭建案例**

搭建完spring的案例，springboot就更简单了。

**  1）、首先一样的道理，公共接口模块已经定义好了，这里不需要定义了。我们从服务端模块开始**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

application.yml配置 ： 端口、dubbo.name随便设置

server:
      port: 8090
    
    dubbo:
      name: serverBoot
      zookeeper: zookeeper://192.168.0.101:2181

UserService实现类：  UserServiceImpl.class

@Service
    public class UserServiceImpl  implements UserService{
        @Override
        public String userName() {
            return "李四";
        }
    
        @Override
        public String userId() {
            return "10003";
        }
    }

springboot这里就用@Bean注解来进行配置了：DubboBean.class

@Configuration
    public class DubboBean {
    
        @Value("${dubbo.zookeeper}")
        private String zkAddr;
        @Value("${dubbo.name}")
        private String appName;
    
        @Bean
        public ApplicationConfig applicationConfig() {
            ApplicationConfig applicationConfig = new ApplicationConfig();
            applicationConfig.setName(appName);
            return applicationConfig;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RegistryConfig registryConfig() {
            RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig();
            registryConfig.setAddress(zkAddr);
            return registryConfig;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public ProtocolConfig protocolConfig() {
            ProtocolConfig protocolConfig = new ProtocolConfig();
            protocolConfig.setName("dubbo");
            protocolConfig.setPort(20881);
            return protocolConfig;
        }
    }

最后一个启动类

@SpringBootApplication
    @DubboComponentScan(basePackages = "com.zl.service")
    public class Application {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
        }
    }

**  2）、客户端 **

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

application.yml配置：

server:
      port: 8082
    
    dubbo:
      name: serverBoot
      zookeeper: zookeeper://192.168.0.101:2181

UserController.class

@RestController
    public class UserController {
        
        @Reference
        private UserService userService;
    
        @GetMapping("/user")
        public String user(){
            String userId = userService.userId();
            String userName = userService.userName();
            return "用户ID: "+userId+", 用户名称:"+userName;
        }
    }

DubboInit.class 配置类

@Configuration
    public class DubboInit {
    
        @Value("${dubbo.zookeeper}")
        private String zkAddr;
        @Value("${dubbo.name}")
        private String appName;
    
        @Bean
        public ApplicationConfig applicationConfig() {
            ApplicationConfig applicationConfig = new ApplicationConfig();
            applicationConfig.setName(appName);
            return applicationConfig;
        }
    
        @Bean
        public RegistryConfig registryConfig() {
            RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig();
            registryConfig.setAddress(zkAddr);
            return registryConfig;
        }
    
    }

最后一个启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
    @DubboComponentScan("com.zl.client")
    public class Application {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
        }
    }

大功告成，老套路，先启动服务模块，然后启动客户端模块

访问：http://localhost:8082/user

![20190408211623435.png][]

我们在打个断点卡看看：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

到此位置，dubbo案例搭建+测试完毕，我们再来看看整个案例的总体模块划分

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3poYW5nbGVpMDgyMzE5_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

以上，有帮助的点个赞啊！

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