【英语学习】【WOTD】disbursement 释义/词源/示例

妖狐艹你老母 2022-01-23 03:37 309阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  Podcast
 *  disbursement \*n.\* \[diss-BERSS-munt\]
 *  Definition
 *  Did You Know?
 *  Examples

# Podcast #

[disbursement podcast][]  
[原文链接][Link 1]

# disbursement *n.* \[diss-BERSS-munt\] #

支付，支出

# Definition #

: the act of paying out money especially from a fund  
：支出钱款的行为，尤其是从某个基金中支出

: the act of disbursing; *also* : funds paid out  
： 支付，支出的动作；*即*：基金支出

# Did You Know? #

*Disbursement* was minted in English in the late 16th century by melding the noun suffix *-ment* with the verb *disburse*. *Disburse* is a borrowing of the Middle French *desbourser*, which traces back to the Old French *desborser*, a combination of the negating prefix *des-* (equivalent to the English *dis-*) and *borse*, which, like its English cognate *purse*, ultimately traces back to the Medieval Latin *bursa*, meaning “money bag” and, in earlier Latin usage, “oxhide.” During the 16th and 17th centuries, *deburse, depurse,* and *dispurse* were deposited in the English language bank as synonyms of *disburse*. *Deburse* and *depurse* were also used respectively to form *debursement* and *depursement* — but these synonyms of *disburse* and *disbursement* all quickly declined in value and were never redeemed.

词源词根演化：*bursa* (“money bag”) —> *borse* —> *desborser* —> *desbourser* —> disburse (v.) / disbursement (n.)

英语世界在16世纪晚期铸造了单词 *Disbursement 支出* ，是通过熔合名词后缀 *-ment* 与动词 *disburse* 而成。*disburse* 是从中世纪法语 *desbourser* 转借来的，最终可以追溯到古法语 *desborser*。这个古法语单词是由否定前缀 *des-* （等同于英语前缀 *dis-*）和 *borse* 组合而成。*borse* 这个法语词，正如它的英语同源词 *purse*，最终都可以追溯到中世纪拉丁语 *bursa*，意思是“money bag 钱包”，早期拉丁用法则指代 “oxhide 牛皮，牛革”。到了16世纪与17世纪，英语中有了*deburse，depurse*以及*dispurse*，它们都是*disburse*的同义词。*deburse*与*depurse*各自形成了自己的名词形式 *debursement*和*depursement* — 但是这些 *disburse* 与*disbursement*的同义词很快就没落了，很少再被使用。

注：mint：n. 薄荷，造币厂 vt. 铸造（硬币）；cognate：(from co- ‘together with’ + natus ‘born’) 同源词；

# Examples #

*  Stephanie receives a monthly *disbursement* from her parent’s trust fund.  
    Stephanie每个月都从她父母的信托基金里支取钱款。  
    注：trust fund：信托基金
 *  “The bank expanded the reach of its digital *disbursements* product by teaming up with PayPal.”  
    — *The Banker*, 1 Oct. 2018  
    通过与PayPal合作组队，银行将业务触角延伸到了数字支付产品领域。

[disbursement podcast]: https://rss.art19.com/episodes/a1144428-4c99-40c7-88bd-bc935cf548f7.mp3
[Link 1]: https://www.merriam-webster.com/word-of-the-day/disbursement-2019-05-30