蓝桥杯单片机---第十二届省赛题目解析

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2024-04-24 23:19 76阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  比赛题目
 *  一、代码相关定义、声明
 *   *  1.头文件声明
     *  2.变量声明
 *  二、主要函数
 *   *  1.main函数
     *  2.按键扫描
     *  3.数码管显示
     *  4.电压模式1、2输出 & LED显示
     *  5.定时器中断
     *  6.消除85°C显示
 *  三、次要函数
 *   *  1.初始化函数Init
     *  2.按键函数Key
     *  3.LED函数Led
     *  4.数码管函数Seg
     *  5.iic函数中
     *  6.onewire函数中

## 比赛题目 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][56a605fdbc934724936cf0d19d339d46.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][2daae246d02f4317acad6981d836af16.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][97eb490beb8741688d20a93e0ae0d39e.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a571b0ead159425b82cdce73f2ef6d6d.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][d26617b7408e468f910ce720b86ea08f.png]

![在这里插入图片描述][7a0e9db394c043bbaeadbbe6393fe346.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][a827008e253248f4a35e9571443f8634.png]

## 一、代码相关定义、声明 ##

### 1.头文件声明 ###

/* 头文件声明区 */
    #include <STC15F2K60S2.H>//单片机寄存器专用头文件
    #include <Init.h>//初始化底层驱动专用头文件
    #include <Led.h>//Led底层驱动专用头文件
    #include <Key.h>//按键底层驱动专用头文件
    #include <Seg.h>//数码管底层驱动专用头文件
    #include "onewire.h"
    #include "iic.h"

### 2.变量声明 ###

/* 变量声明区 */
    unsigned char Key_Val,Key_Down,Key_Old,Key_Up;//按键专用变量
    unsigned char Key_Slow_Down;//按键减速专用变量
    unsigned char Seg_Buf[8] = {
        10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10};//数码管显示数据存放数组
    unsigned char Seg_Point[8] = {
        0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};//数码管小数点数据存放数组
    unsigned char Seg_Pos;//数码管扫描专用变量
    unsigned int Seg_Slow_Down;//数码管减速专用变量
    unsigned char ucLed[8] = {
        0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0};//Led显示数据存放数组
    unsigned char Seg_Disp_Mode;//数码管显示变量 0-温度显示 1-参数设置 2-DA输出
    float Temperature;//实时温度变量
    unsigned char Seg_temp_Disp = 25;//显示参数
    unsigned char Seg_temp_contorl = 25;//参数控制
    float Volat;//AD
    bit Out_Put;//AD模式转换变量

## 二、主要函数 ##

### 1.main函数 ###

/* Main */
    void main()
    {
        
    	rd_temperature();
    	Delay750ms();
    	System_Init();
    	Timer0Init();
    	while (1)
    	{
        
    		Key_Proc();
    		Seg_Proc();
    		Led_Proc();
    	}
    }

### 2.按键扫描 ###

/* 键盘处理函数 */
    void Key_Proc()
    {
        
    	if(Key_Slow_Down) return;
    	Key_Slow_Down = 1;//键盘减速程序
    
    	Key_Val = Key_Read();//实时读取键码值
    	Key_Down = Key_Val & (Key_Old ^ Key_Val);//捕捉按键下降沿
    	Key_Up = ~Key_Val & (Key_Old ^ Key_Val);//捕捉按键上降沿
    	Key_Old = Key_Val;//辅助扫描变量
    	
    	switch(Key_Down)
    	{
        
    		case 4:
    			if(++Seg_Disp_Mode == 3) Seg_Disp_Mode = 0;
    			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1) Seg_temp_Disp = Seg_temp_contorl;
    			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 2) Seg_temp_contorl = Seg_temp_Disp;
    		break;
    		case 8:
    			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1)
    			{
        
    				if(--Seg_temp_Disp == 255) Seg_temp_Disp = 0;
    			}
    		break;
    		case 9:
    			if(Seg_Disp_Mode == 1)
    			{
        
    				if(++Seg_temp_Disp == 100) Seg_temp_Disp = 99;
    			}
    		break;
    		case 5:
    			Out_Put ^= 1;
    		break;
    	}
    }

### 3.数码管显示 ###

/* 信息处理函数 */
    void Seg_Proc()
    {
        
    	if(Seg_Slow_Down) return;
    	Seg_Slow_Down = 1;//数码管减速程序
    	
    	//信息获取区域
    	Temperature = rd_temperature();//实时读取温度值
    	Volat = Ad_Read(0x43) / 51;
    	
    	switch(Seg_Disp_Mode)
    	{
        
    		case 0://温度显示界面
    			Seg_Buf[0] = 11;//C
    			Seg_Buf[4] = (unsigned char)Temperature / 10 % 10;
    			Seg_Buf[5] = (unsigned char)Temperature % 10;
    			Seg_Buf[6] = (unsigned int)(Temperature * 100) / 10 % 10;
    			Seg_Buf[7] = (unsigned int)(Temperature * 100)% 10;
    			Seg_Point[5] = 1;
    		break;
    		case 1:
    			Seg_Buf[0] = 12;//P
    			Seg_Buf[4] = 10;
    			Seg_Buf[5] = 10;
    			Seg_Buf[6] = Seg_temp_Disp / 10 % 10;
    			Seg_Buf[7] = Seg_temp_Disp % 10;
    			Seg_Point[5] = 0;
    		break;
    		case 2:
    			Seg_Buf[0] = 13;//P
    			Seg_Buf[5] = (unsigned char)Volat;
    			Seg_Buf[6] = (unsigned int)(Volat * 100) / 10 % 10;
    			Seg_Buf[7] = (unsigned int)(Volat * 100) % 10;
    			Seg_Point[5] = 1;
    		break;
    	}
    }

### 4.电压模式1、2输出 & LED显示 ###

/* 其他显示函数 */
    void Led_Proc()
    {
        
    	unsigned char i = 0;
    	if(Out_Put == 0)
    	{
        
    		if(Temperature < Seg_temp_Disp)
    			Volat = 0;
    		else Volat = 5;
    	}
    	else
    	{
        
    		if(Temperature < 20)
    			Volat = 1;
    		else if(Temperature > 40)
    			Volat = 4;
    		else Volat = 0.15 * (Temperature - 20) + 1;
    	}
    	Da_Write(Volat * 51);
    	
    	ucLed[0] = !Out_Put;
    	for(i = 0 ; i < 3 ; ++ i)
    		ucLed[i + 1] = (i == Seg_Disp_Mode);
    }

### 5.定时器中断 ###

/* 定时器0中断初始化函数 */
    void Timer0Init(void)		//1毫秒@12.000MHz
    {
        
    	AUXR &= 0x7F;		//定时器时钟12T模式
    	TMOD &= 0xF0;		//设置定时器模式
    	TL0 = 0x18;		//设置定时初始值
    	TH0 = 0xFC;		//设置定时初始值
    	TF0 = 0;		//清除TF0标志
    	TR0 = 1;		//定时器0开始计时
    	ET0 = 1;    //定时器中断0打开
    	EA = 1;     //总中断打开
    }
    
    /* 定时器0中断服务函数 */
    void Timer0Server() interrupt 1
    {
          
    	if(++Key_Slow_Down == 10) Key_Slow_Down = 0;//键盘减速专用
    	if(++Seg_Slow_Down == 500) Seg_Slow_Down = 0;//数码管减速专用
    	if(++Seg_Pos == 8) Seg_Pos = 0;//数码管显示专用
    	Seg_Disp(Seg_Pos,Seg_Buf[Seg_Pos],Seg_Point[Seg_Pos]);
    	Led_Disp(Seg_Pos,ucLed[Seg_Pos]);
    }

### 6.消除85°C显示 ###

void Delay750ms(void)	//@12.000MHz
    {
        
    	unsigned char data i, j, k;
    	i = 35;
    	j = 51;
    	k = 182;
    	do
    	{
        
    		do
    		{
        
    			while (--k);
    		} while (--j);
    	} while (--i);
    }

## 三、次要函数 ##

### 1.初始化函数Init ###

**在Init.c文件当中**

#include <Init.h>
    
    void System_Init()
    {
        
    	P0 = 0xff;
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0x80;
    	P2 &= 0x1f;
    	
    	P0 = 0x00;
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
    	P2 &= 0x1f;
    }

**在Init.h文件当中**

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
    void System_Init();

### 2.按键函数Key ###

**在Key.c文件当中**

#include <Key.h>
    
    unsigned char Key_Read()
    {
        
    	unsigned char temp = 0;
    	P44 = 0;P42 = 1;P35 = 1;P34 = 1;
    	if(P33 == 0) temp = 4;
    	if(P32 == 0) temp = 5;
    	if(P31 == 0) temp = 6;
    	if(P30 == 0) temp = 7;
    	P44 = 1;P42 = 0;P35 = 1;P34 = 1;
    	if(P33 == 0) temp = 8;
    	if(P32 == 0) temp = 9;
    	if(P31 == 0) temp = 10;
    	if(P30 == 0) temp = 11;
    	P44 = 1;P42 = 1;P35 = 0;P34 = 1;
    	if(P33 == 0) temp = 12;
    	if(P32 == 0) temp = 13;
    	if(P31 == 0) temp = 14;
    	if(P30 == 0) temp = 15;
    	P44 = 1;P42 = 1;P35 = 1;P34 = 0;
    	if(P33 == 0) temp = 16;
    	if(P32 == 0) temp = 17;
    	if(P31 == 0) temp = 18;
    	if(P30 == 0) temp = 19;
    	return temp;
    }
    /*
    unsigned char Key_Read()
    {
    	unsigned char temp = 0;
    	if(P33 == 0) temp = 4;
    	if(P32 == 0) temp = 5;
    	if(P31 == 0) temp = 6;
    	if(P30 == 0) temp = 7;
    	return temp;
    }
    */

**在Key.h文件当中**

#include <STC15F2K60S2.H>
    unsigned char Key_Read();

### 3.LED函数Led ###

#include <Led.h>
    
    void Led_Disp(unsigned char addr,enable)
    {
        
    	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
    	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
    	if(enable)
    		temp |= 0x01 << addr;
    	else
    		temp &= ~(0x01 << addr);
    	if(temp != temp_old)
    	{
        
    		P0 = ~temp;
    		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0x80;
    		P2 &= 0x1f;
    		temp_old = temp;
    	}
    }
    
    void Beep(unsigned char flag)
    {
        
    	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
    	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
    	if(flag)
    		temp |= 0x40;
    	else
    		temp &= ~0x40;
    	if(temp != temp_old)
    	{
        
    		P0 = temp;
    		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
    		P2 &= 0x1f;
    		temp_old = temp;		
    	}
    }
    
    void Relay(unsigned char flag)
    {
        
    	static unsigned char temp = 0x00;
    	static unsigned char temp_old = 0xff;
    	if(flag)
    		temp |= 0x10;
    	else
    		temp &= ~0x10;
    	if(temp != temp_old)
    	{
        
    		P0 = temp;
    		P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xa0;
    		P2 &= 0x1f;
    		temp_old = temp;		
    	}	
    }

### 4.数码管函数Seg ###

#include <Seg.h>
    
    unsigned char seg_dula[] = {
        0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff,0xc6,0x8c,0x88};
    unsigned char seg_wela[] = {
        0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80};
    
    void Seg_Disp(unsigned char wela,dula,point)
    {
        
    	P0 = 0xff;
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xe0;
    	P2 &= 0x1f;
    
    	P0 = seg_wela[wela];
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xc0;
    	P2 &= 0x1f;
    	
    	P0 = seg_dula[dula];
    	if(point)
    		P0 &= 0x7f;
    	P2 = P2 & 0x1f | 0xe0;
    	P2 &= 0x1f;	
    }

### 5.iic函数中 ###

/*	#   I2C代码片段说明
    	1. 	本文件夹中提供的驱动代码供参赛选手完成程序设计参考。
    	2. 	参赛选手可以自行编写相关代码或以该代码为基础，根据所选单片机类型、运行速度和试题
    		中对单片机时钟频率的要求，进行代码调试和修改。
    */
    #include "iic.h"
    
    #define DELAY_TIME	5
    
    //
    static void I2C_Delay(unsigned char n)
    {
        
        do
        {
        
            _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
            _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
            _nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();		
        }
        while(n--);      	
    }
    
    //
    void I2CStart(void)
    {
        
        sda = 1;
        scl = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        sda = 0;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        scl = 0;    
    }
    
    //
    void I2CStop(void)
    {
        
        sda = 0;
        scl = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        sda = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    }
    
    //
    void I2CSendByte(unsigned char byt)
    {
        
        unsigned char i;
    	
        for(i=0; i<8; i++){
        
            scl = 0;
    		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
            if(byt & 0x80){
        
                sda = 1;
            }
            else{
        
                sda = 0;
            }
    		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
            scl = 1;
            byt <<= 1;
    		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        }
    	
        scl = 0;  
    }
    
    //
    unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void)
    {
        
    	unsigned char da;
    	unsigned char i;
    	for(i=0;i<8;i++){
           
    		scl = 1;
    		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    		da <<= 1;
    		if(sda) 
    			da |= 0x01;
    		scl = 0;
    		I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    	}
    	return da;    
    }
    
    //
    unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void)
    {
        
    	unsigned char ackbit;
    	
        scl = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        ackbit = sda; 
        scl = 0;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    	
    	return ackbit;
    }
    
    //
    void I2CSendAck(unsigned char ackbit)
    {
        
        scl = 0;
        sda = ackbit; 
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        scl = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
        scl = 0; 
    	sda = 1;
    	I2C_Delay(DELAY_TIME);
    }
    //=========================
    
    unsigned char Ad_Read(unsigned char addr)
    {
        
    	unsigned char temp;
    	I2CStart();
    	I2CSendByte(0x90);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	I2CSendByte(addr);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	I2CStart();
    	I2CSendByte(0x91);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	temp = I2CReceiveByte();
    	I2CSendAck(1);
    	I2CStop();
    	return temp;
    } 
    
    void Da_Write(unsigned char dat)
    {
        
    	I2CStart();
    	I2CSendByte(0x90);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	I2CSendByte(0x41);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	I2CSendByte(dat);
    	I2CWaitAck();
    	I2CStop();
    }

### 6.onewire函数中 ###

/*	# 	单总线代码片段说明
    	1. 	本文件夹中提供的驱动代码供参赛选手完成程序设计参考。
    	2. 	参赛选手可以自行编写相关代码或以该代码为基础，根据所选单片机类型、运行速度和试题
    		中对单片机时钟频率的要求，进行代码调试和修改。
    */
    #include <reg52.h>
    sbit DQ = P1^4;
    //
    void Delay_OneWire(unsigned int t)  
    {
        
    	unsigned char i;
    	while(t--){
        
    		for(i=0;i<12;i++);
    	}
    }
    
    //
    void Write_DS18B20(unsigned char dat)
    {
        
    	unsigned char i;
    	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    	{
        
    		DQ = 0;
    		DQ = dat&0x01;
    		Delay_OneWire(5);
    		DQ = 1;
    		dat >>= 1;
    	}
    	Delay_OneWire(5);
    }
    
    //
    unsigned char Read_DS18B20(void)
    {
        
    	unsigned char i;
    	unsigned char dat;
      
    	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
    	{
        
    		DQ = 0;
    		dat >>= 1;
    		DQ = 1;
    		if(DQ)
    		{
        
    			dat |= 0x80;
    		}	    
    		Delay_OneWire(5);
    	}
    	return dat;
    }
    
    //
    bit init_ds18b20(void)
    {
        
      	bit initflag = 0;
      	
      	DQ = 1;
      	Delay_OneWire(12);
      	DQ = 0;
      	Delay_OneWire(80);
      	DQ = 1;
      	Delay_OneWire(10); 
        initflag = DQ;     
      	Delay_OneWire(5);
      
      	return initflag;
    }
    
    
    //========================
    
    float rd_temperature(void)
    {
        
    	unsigned char low,high;//返回温度的高低八位
    	init_ds18b20();//初始化
    	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);//跳过ROM
    	Write_DS18B20(0x44);//进行温度转换
    	
    	init_ds18b20();//初始化
    	Write_DS18B20(0xcc);//跳过ROM
    	Write_DS18B20(0xbe);//读取温度
    	
    	low = Read_DS18B20();//读取低位
    	high = Read_DS18B20();//读取高位
    	
    	return ((high << 8) | low ) / 16.0;
    }

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[d26617b7408e468f910ce720b86ea08f.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/24/9656a568739b4dacae089efed64767af.png
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