ElasticSearch系列 - 文档基本操作

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2024-04-17 20:07 65阅读 0赞

#### ElasticSearch系列 - 文档基本操作 ####

运行EKL（ElasticSearch+Kibanan+Logstash）

进入Kibanna页面

![\[外链图片转存失败(img-GCokwl6b-1567216884874)(/Users/aaron/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20190829205433374.png)\]][img-GCokwl6b-1567216884874_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205433374.png]

选择控制台Console，可以在线输入命令，方便学习

进入cerebro集群控制台

![\[外链图片转存失败(img-Urx66bLC-1567216884875)(/Users/aaron/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20190829205527616.png)\]][img-Urx66bLC-1567216884875_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205527616.png]

查看当前集群情况，一共4个索引，前三个是Kibanna测试数据，后面movies是通过Logstash导入的

绿色加粗代表是主分片，虚线代表是副本分片。

此时我运行

POST users/_doc
    {
        
      "user" : "wanxintao",
      "post_date" : "2019-08-29T14:12:12",
      "message" : "trying out Kibana"
    }

![\[外链图片转存失败(img-xRRCaHl7-1567216884876)(/Users/aaron/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20190829205715786.png)\]][img-xRRCaHl7-1567216884876_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205715786.png]

集群立刻可以看出多了一个user索引。

在Kibanna上运行的好处是，Kibanna可以直接调整API文档查询

![\[外链图片转存失败(img-CcledGj8-1567216884876)(/Users/aaron/Library/Application Support/typora-user-images/image-20190829205839059.png)\]][img-CcledGj8-1567216884876_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205839059.png]

##### 文档的操作类型 #####

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>类型</th> 
   <th>解释</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>index</td> 
   <td>如果id不存在，创建新文档，否则先删除后新增，version增加</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>create</td> 
   <td>如果id存在，创建文档会失败</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>read</td> 
   <td>通过id查询</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>update</td> 
   <td>更新文档，文档必须已经存在，更新只会对相应字段更新</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>delete</td> 
   <td>删除</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

下面是简单文档操作命令

GET /movies
    
    
    
    # 创建文档指定  自动生成id  create类型
    POST users/_doc
    {
        
    	"user" : "wanxintao",
      "post_date" : "2019-08-29T14:12:12",
      "message" : "trying out Kibana"
    }
    
    # 删除指定id的文档
    DELETE users/_doc/4qNT3WwBPchluLm0xxnx
    
    # 创建文档，指定Id。如果id已经存在，报错
    PUT users/_doc/1?op_type=create
    {
        
        "user" : "Jack",
        "message" : "trying out Elasticsearch"
    }
    
    # 创建文档 指定 ID 如果已经存在，就报错
    PUT users/_create/1
    {
        
         "user" : "Jack",
        "message" : "trying out Elasticsearch"
    }
    # 查看文档  read类型
    GET users/_doc/1
    
    # 更新文档  index类型
    PUT users/_doc/1
    {
        
    	"user" : "Mike",
      "content":"更新是先删除后插入"
    }
    
    GET users/_doc/1
    
    # 在原文档上新增文档  update类型
    # 和 PUT users/_doc/1区别在于_doc与_update的区别
    POST users/_update/1/
    {
        
        "doc":{
        
            "post_date" : "2019-05-15T14:12:12",
            "message" : "trying out Elasticsearch"
        }
    }
    
    ### Bulk 操作
    ### 减少重复建立链接消耗，支持对一个索引不同操作，不同索引不同操作，可以create，index delete update四种操作 一条操作失败不阻塞后面操作，每一条操作都会返回值
      
    POST _bulk
    {
         "index" : {
         "_index" : "test", "_id" : "1" } }
    {
         "field1" : "value1" }
    {
         "delete" : {
         "_index" : "test", "_id" : "2" } }
    {
         "create" : {
         "_index" : "test2", "_id" : "3" } }
    {
         "field1" : "value3" }
    {
         "update" : {
        "_id" : "1", "_index" : "test"} }
    {
         "doc" : {
        "field2" : "value2"} }
    
    
    ### mget 操作  批处理，减少重复建立链接消耗
    
    PUT test/_doc/2
    {
        
    	"user" : "Mike",
      "content":"更新是先删除后插入"
    }
    
    GET /_mget
    {
        
        "docs" : [
            {
        
                "_index" : "test",
                "_id" : "1"
            },
            {
        
                "_index" : "test",
                "_id" : "2"
            }
        ]
    }
    
    #URI中指定index
    GET /test/_mget
    {
        
        "docs" : [
            {
        
    
                "_id" : "1"
            },
            {
        
    
                "_id" : "2"
            }
        ]
    }
    
    GET /_mget
    {
        
        "docs" : [
            {
        
                "_index" : "test",
                "_id" : "1",
                "_source" : false
            },
            {
        
                "_index" : "test",
                "_id" : "2",
                "_source" : ["field3", "field4"]
            },
            {
        
                "_index" : "test",
                "_id" : "3",
                "_source" : {
        
                    "include": ["user"],
                    "exclude": ["user.location"]
                }
            }
        ]
    }
    
    
    ### msearch 操作 批量查询
    POST kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_msearch
    {
        }
    {
        "query" : {
        "match_all" : {
        }},"size":1}
    {
        "index" : "kibana_sample_data_flights"}
    {
        "query" : {
        "match_all" : {
        }},"size":2}
    
    #清除数据 index
    DELETE users
    DELETE test
    DELETE test2

**Status分析**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>问题</th> 
   <th>原因</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>无法连接</td> 
   <td>网络故障/集群挂了</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>连接无法关闭</td> 
   <td>网络故障或者节点出错</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>429</td> 
   <td>集群太繁忙</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>4xx</td> 
   <td>请求体格式有错</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>500</td> 
   <td>集群内部错误</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

[img-GCokwl6b-1567216884874_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205433374.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/c29447b7570049c2b9fd6bb92a6492da.png
[img-Urx66bLC-1567216884875_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205527616.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/3dc70e9e4d264f03b9f93cb0d545aa60.png
[img-xRRCaHl7-1567216884876_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205715786.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/20c921ed2de0448fa6229305c3aac5bd.png
[img-CcledGj8-1567216884876_Users_aaron_Library_Application Support_typora-user-images_image-20190829205839059.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/17/cda7bb37d6b847db876ba65b29b99cd0.png