SpringMVC项目的创建流程

末蓝、 2024-03-26 17:50 67阅读 0赞

> [Java知识点总结：想看的可以从这里进入][Java]

#### 目录 ####

*   *  1、搭建项目流程
     *   *  1.1、介绍
         *  1.2、创建项目
         *  1.3、pom依赖
         *  1.4、创建项目结构
         *  1.5、xml配置文件
         *   *  1.5.1、配置mybatis
             *  1.5.2、配置spring
             *  1.5.3、springmvc
             *  1.5.4、xml文件整合
         *  1.6、Tomcat
     *  3、测试
     *   *  3.1、测试数据库连接
         *  3.3、测试MVC页面

### 1、搭建项目流程 ###

--------------------

#### 1.1、介绍 ####

SSM（SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis）框架是目前流行的开发 web 项目的框架，由Spring、SpringMVC、MyBatis整合而成。

*  SpringMVC负责接受客户端的请求，然后进行处理，并将最后渲染的视图返回给客户端。
 *  Spring是利用 IOC 管理所有的组件，然后通过AOP技术进行增强处理。
 *  MyBatis框架封装JDBC，负责访问数据库，完成持久化操作。

使用前需要检查：IDEA、Tomcat、MySQL、Maven、jdk等基础环境

#### 1.2、创建项目 ####

*  创建项目：new、project
    
    ![image-20210806112444204][] ![image-20210806112455720][]
 *  连接数据库
    
    ![image-20210806112615148][] ![image-20210806112810706][] ![image-20210806112828551][]
 *  添加web
    
    ![image-20220715160623573][] ![image-20230304185242200][]
    
    ![image-20230304185310094][]
    
    ![image-20220715160646877][]
    
    ![image-20230304185650274][]

#### 1.3、pom依赖 ####

*  导入依赖
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.7</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.1</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.caches</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
            </dependency>
        	
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>1.7.26</version>
            </dependency>
        
        
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>4.0.1</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
                <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
                <version>2.12.4</version>
            </dependency>
        
        
        
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
                <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.15.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.attoparser</groupId>
                <artifactId>attoparser</artifactId>
                <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.unbescape</groupId>
                <artifactId>unbescape</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.6.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
                <version>5.9.1</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
        
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
                <version>8.0.32</version>
            </dependency>
        
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.15</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
                <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
                <version>1.3.2</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
                <version>5.3.22</version>
            </dependency>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>1.18.24</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
 *  静态资源导出问题
    
        
        <build>
            <resources>
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.properties</include>
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    </includes>
                    <filtering>false</filtering>
                </resource>
        
                <resource>
                    <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.properties</include>
                        <include>**/*.xml</include>
                    </includes>
                    <filtering>false</filtering>        
                </resource>
            </resources>    
        </build>

#### 1.4、创建项目结构 ####

![image-20230304190048375][]

#### 1.5、xml配置文件 ####

##### 1.5.1、配置mybatis #####

*  在resources文件夹中创建MyBatis的核心配置文件：mybatis-config.xml
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <!DOCTYPE configuration
                PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
                "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
        <configuration>
            
            <settings>
                
                <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
            </settings>
        </configuration>
 *  日志配置
    
     *  STDOUT\_LOGGING日志：不要依赖和配置文件，只需要在settings设置即可
        
            <settings>
               <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
            </settings>
     *  log4j.properties配置：需要先添加依赖
        
            <settings>
               <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
            </settings>
        
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.17</version>
            </dependency>
        
            #将等级为DEBUG的日志信息输出到console和file这两个目的地，console和file的定义在下面的代码
            log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console,file
            #控制台输出的相关设置
            log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
            log4j.appender.console.Target=System.out
            log4j.appender.console.Threshold=DEBUG
            log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
            log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] [%c] [%p] -%m%n
            #文件输出的相关设置
            #log4j.appender.file = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
            #log4j.appender.file.File=
            #log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=10mb
            #log4j.appender.file.Threshold=DEBUG
            #log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
            #log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] [%c] [%p] -%m%n
            
            #日志输出级别
            log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG
            log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
            log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
            log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG
            log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG

##### 1.5.2、配置spring #####

*  在resources文件夹中创建文件database.properties配置数据连接数据库
    
        jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
        jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
        jdbc.username=root
        jdbc.password=密码
        #初始连接数
        jdbc.initialSize=3
        #最小空闲连接数
        jdbc.minIdle=3
        #最大活动连接数
        jdbc.maxActive=10
        #最大等待时间
        jdbc.maxWait=10000
        jdbc.filters=mergeStat
 *  在resources文件夹中创建spring-config.xml配置
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
               xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
        
            
            <context:component-scan base-package="包路径"/>
            
            
            <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
            
            
            <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
                <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
                
                <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}"/>
                
                <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}"/>
                
                <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}"/>
                
                <property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}"/>
                <property name="filters" value="${jdbc.filters}"/>
            </bean>
           
            
            <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
                
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
                
                <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
                
                <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"/>
            </bean>
            
            
            <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
                
                <property name="basePackage" value="mapper接口的路径"/>
            </bean>
        
            
            <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
                <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
            </bean>
            
            <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
        
        
        </beans>

##### 1.5.3、springmvc #####

*  web文件夹中的WEB-INF文件夹中的web.xml文件
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
                 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                 xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                 http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
                 version="4.0">
            
            
            <context-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
            </context-param>
            
            <listener>
                <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
            </listener>
            
            
            <filter>
                <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
                <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
                <init-param>
                    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
                    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
                </init-param>
                
                <init-param>
                    <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
                    <param-value>true</param-value>
                </init-param>
            </filter>
            <filter-mapping>
                <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
                <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
            </filter-mapping>
            
            
            <filter>
                <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
                <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
            </filter>
            <filter-mapping>
                <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
                <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
            </filter-mapping>
        
            
            <servlet>
                <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
                <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
                <init-param>
                    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
                </init-param>
                
                <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
            </servlet>
            <servlet-mapping>
                <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
                <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
            </servlet-mapping>
        
            
            <session-config>
                <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
            </session-config>
            
        </web-app>
 *  在resources文件夹中配置springmvc-config.xml
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
               xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                    https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
            
            <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
            
            
            <mvc:annotation-driven>
                <mvc:message-converters>
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                            <list>
                                <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                <value>application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8</value>
                            </list>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                        <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                            <list>
                                <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                                <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                            </list>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                </mvc:message-converters>
            </mvc:annotation-driven>
        
            
            <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
                <property name="order" value="1"/>
                <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
                <property name="templateEngine">
                    <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
                        <property name="templateResolver">
                            <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
                                
                                <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
                                
                                <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
                                <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
                                <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
                            </bean>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
            
            
            <bean id="jsonConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>application/json;charset-UTF-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        
            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
                <property name="messageConverters">
                    <list>
                        <ref bean="jsonConverter"/>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        
        </beans>

##### 1.5.4、xml文件整合 #####

*  在resources文件夹中创建applicationContext.xml去整合spring-config和springmvc-config
    
        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        	
            <import resource="classpath:spring-config.xml"/>
            <import resource="classpath:springmvc-config.xml"/>
        </beans>

#### 1.6、Tomcat ####

需要将pom配置上war包

![image-20230304191232236][]

然后配置Tomcat服务器

![image-20220715173344771][] ![image-20220715173416364][] ![image-20230304191413045][] ![image-20230304191440842][] ![image-20220715173516228][]

### 3、测试 ###

--------------------

#### 3.1、测试数据库连接 ####

1.  可以使用MyBatisCodeHelperPro插件快速成成bean、mapper、mapping等文件
    
    ![image-20220715171708307][] ![image-20220715171745004][] ![image-20220715171840610][]
2.  创建service接口和实现类
    
        //service接口
        public interface UserService {
              
            List<User> getAllUser();
        }
        
        //service实现类
        @Service
        public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
              
        
            @Autowired
            private UserMapper userMapper;
        
            @Override
            public List<User> getAllUser() {
              
                return userMapper.getAllUser();
            }
        }
3.  创建一个测试类进行测试
    
        //获取配置文件类的位置，
        @SpringJUnitConfig("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
        public class MybatisTest {
              
            
            //注入service
            @Autowired
            private UserService userService;
        
            @Test
            public void test(){
              
                //获取所有User
                List<User> allUser = userService.getAllUser();
                //查看获取的数据
                for(User u : allUser){
              
                    System.out.println(u.getUsername());
                }
            }
        }

![image-20220715172419686][] ![image-20220715172441911][] ![image-20220715172450663][]

#### 3.3、测试MVC页面 ####

*  启动Tomcat后，看能否进入index主界面
    
    ![image-20220715174057244][]
 *  编写controller
    
        @Controller
        @RequestMapping("/viewpage")
        public class UserController {
              
            @Autowired
            private UserService userService;
        
            //所有用户列表
            @RequestMapping("/user/userList")
            public void UserList(Model model){
              
                List<User> userList = userService.getAllUser();
                model.addAttribute("userList",userList);
            }
        
        }
 *  查看页面跳转，看是否能成功进入
    
    ![image-20220715180623089][]
    
    成功跳转

[Java]: https://blog.csdn.net/yuandfeng/article/details/114333525
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