Linux搭建docker

柔光的暖阳◎ 2024-03-23 10:02 39阅读 0赞

#### 1. 查看系统的内核版本 ####

[root@wide ~]# uname -r
    3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64

#### 2. 将yum更新到最新版本 ####

[root@wide ~]# yum upate -y
    Complete!

#### 3. 安装Docker所需的依赖包 ####

[root@wide ~]# sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
     * extras: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
     * updates: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
    Package yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch already installed and latest version
    Package device-mapper-persistent-data-0.8.5-3.el7_9.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version
    Package 7:lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7_9.5.x86_64 already installed and latest version
    Nothing to do
    [root@wide ~]#

#### 4.设置Docker的yum的源 ####

[root@wide ~]# sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
    adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
    repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

#### 5. 查看仓库所有Docker版本 ####

[root@wide ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
     * updates: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
     * extras: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:23.0.3-1.el7                      docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:23.0.2-1.el7                      docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:23.0.1-1.el7                      docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:23.0.0-1.el7                      docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.24-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.23-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.22-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.21-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.20-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.19-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.18-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.17-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.16-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.15-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.14-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.13-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.12-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.11-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.10-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.15-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.14-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.13-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.11-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.10-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.9-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.8-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.7-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.6-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.5-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.4-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.3-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.2-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.1-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.3.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.2.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
    docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
     * base: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
    Available Packages

#### 6. 安装Docker ####

[root@wide ~]# yum install docker-ce -y
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
     * extras: mirrors.bupt.edu.cn
     * updates: mirrors.qlu.edu.cn
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package docker-ce.x86_64 3:23.0.3-1.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: container-selinux >= 2:2.74 for package: 3:docker-ce-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: containerd.io >= 1.6.4 for package: 3:docker-ce-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: docker-ce-cli for package: 3:docker-ce-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: docker-ce-rootless-extras for package: 3:docker-ce-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8 will be installed
    ---> Package containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.6.20-3.1.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:23.0.3-1.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: docker-buildx-plugin for package: 1:docker-ce-cli-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: docker-compose-plugin for package: 1:docker-ce-cli-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    ---> Package docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64 0:23.0.3-1.el7 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7 for package: docker-ce-rootless-extras-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: slirp4netns >= 0.4 for package: docker-ce-rootless-extras-23.0.3-1.el7.x86_64
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package docker-buildx-plugin.x86_64 0:0.10.4-1.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package docker-compose-plugin.x86_64 0:2.17.2-1.el7 will be installed
    ---> Package fuse-overlayfs.x86_64 0:0.7.2-6.el7_8 will be installed
    --> Processing Dependency: libfuse3.so.3(FUSE_3.2)(64bit) for package: fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libfuse3.so.3(FUSE_3.0)(64bit) for package: fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64
    --> Processing Dependency: libfuse3.so.3()(64bit) for package: fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64
    ---> Package slirp4netns.x86_64 0:0.4.3-4.el7_8 will be installed
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package fuse3-libs.x86_64 0:3.6.1-4.el7 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    ========================================================================================================================================================================================
     Package                                            Arch                            Version                                             Repository                                 Size
    ========================================================================================================================================================================================
    Installing:
     docker-ce                                          x86_64                          3:23.0.3-1.el7                                      docker-ce-stable                           23 M
    Installing for dependencies:
     container-selinux                                  noarch                          2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8                           extras                                     40 k
     containerd.io                                      x86_64                          1.6.20-3.1.el7                                      docker-ce-stable                           34 M
     docker-buildx-plugin                               x86_64                          0.10.4-1.el7                                        docker-ce-stable                           12 M
     docker-ce-cli                                      x86_64                          1:23.0.3-1.el7                                      docker-ce-stable                           13 M
     docker-ce-rootless-extras                          x86_64                          23.0.3-1.el7                                        docker-ce-stable                          8.8 M
     docker-compose-plugin                              x86_64                          2.17.2-1.el7                                        docker-ce-stable                           12 M
     fuse-overlayfs                                     x86_64                          0.7.2-6.el7_8                                       extras                                     54 k
     fuse3-libs                                         x86_64                          3.6.1-4.el7                                         extras                                     82 k
     slirp4netns                                        x86_64                          0.4.3-4.el7_8                                       extras                                     81 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    .............
    Installed:
      docker-ce.x86_64 3:23.0.3-1.el7                                                                                                                                                       
    
    Dependency Installed:
      container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8   containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.6.20-3.1.el7         docker-buildx-plugin.x86_64 0:0.10.4-1.el7   docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:23.0.3-1.el7  
      docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64 0:23.0.3-1.el7      docker-compose-plugin.x86_64 0:2.17.2-1.el7   fuse-overlayfs.x86_64 0:0.7.2-6.el7_8        fuse3-libs.x86_64 0:3.6.1-4.el7      
      slirp4netns.x86_64 0:0.4.3-4.el7_8                  
    
    Complete!

#### 7.启动Docker并添加开机自启动 ####

[root@wide ~]# systemctl enable docker
    Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
    [root@wide ~]# systemctl start docker
    [root@wide ~]# systemctl status docker
    ● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since Mon 2023-04-10 23:41:28 PDT; 26s ago
         Docs: https://docs.docker.com
     Main PID: 4709 (dockerd)
        Tasks: 8
       Memory: 107.6M
       CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
               └─4709 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
    
    Apr 10 23:41:27 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:27.274527839-07:00" level=info msg="[core] [Channel #4] Channel Connectivity change to READY" module=grpc
    Apr 10 23:41:27 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:27.300770723-07:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
    Apr 10 23:41:27 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:27.940276724-07:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Dae... IP address"
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.094586748-07:00" level=info msg="Firewalld: interface docker0 already part of docker zone, returning"
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.179894757-07:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.213789267-07:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=59118bf graphdriver=overlay2 version=23.0.3
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.214098003-07:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.236177099-07:00" level=info msg="[core] [Server #7] Server created" module=grpc
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
    Apr 10 23:41:28 wide dockerd[4709]: time="2023-04-10T23:41:28.239927052-07:00" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"
    Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
    [root@wide ~]#

![在这里插入图片描述][613824ae9afe4488b631fbedb8e380b3.png]

#### 8.查看docker版本 ####

[root@wide ~]# docker --version
    Docker version 23.0.3, build 3e7cbfd

#### 9.卸载 Docker ####

[root@wide ~]#sudo yum remove docker \docker-client \docker-client-latest \docker-common \docker-latest \docker-latest-logrotate \docker-logrotate \docker-selinux \docker-engine-selinux \docker-engine

#### 10.安装 Portainer ####

1.创建目录

[root@wide ~]# mkdir -p /data/portainer/data /data/portainer/public

创建一个 portainer 下的放置扩展包public文件夹  
2.可以对这个扩展包进行汉化可以将汉化开展放到public下  
3. 创建 portainer 卷

[root@wide ~]# docker volume create portainer_data
    portainer_data

4.拉取最新的 Portainer

[root@wide ~]# docker pull portainer/portainer
    Using default tag: latest
    latest: Pulling from portainer/portainer

5.安装和启动  
第一种：

docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9443:9443 --name portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce:latest

第二种：

docker run -d --restart=always --name portainer -p 9000:9000 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /data/portainer/data:/data -v /data/portainer/public:/public portainer/portainer

[root@laona portainer]# docker run -d --restart=always --name portainer -p 9000:9000 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v /data/portainer/data:/data -v /data/portainer/public:/public portainer/portainer
    a29864c820494afe3e465ce9b58e686851f5c6526532fe52fc4b83c1cc0b705e

• -v 为挂载本地文件路径到 Docker 中，用法为：-v 本地路径:docker中的路径  
5.1如果防火墙开启中，需要开放端口,不然在第六步访问不了

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9000/tcp --permanent

6.访问 Portainer  
• 地址：[http://【ip地址】:9000/][http_ip_9000]  
• 操作：登录后设置你的用户名和密码，并设置本地Docker即可

[613824ae9afe4488b631fbedb8e380b3.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/03/23/cded459a52ff4f3db55abf109b65b504.png
[http_ip_9000]: http://xn--ip-x23ag8811c0ca:9000/