Hibernate环境的搭建

╰+攻爆jí腚メ 2023-10-17 11:26 3阅读 0赞

MyEclipse中搭建Hibernate环境

**前提一：下载好hibernate-release-xxxx.Final，我使用的是hibernate-release-5.0.1.Final，下载地址是：Hibernate官网**  
**具体下载步骤见我的另一篇博客：[如何从官网下载hibernate源码与jar包][hibernate_jar]**  
解压得到如下：  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]  
**前提二：Hibernate是持久层的框架，那么你的电脑上得有个数据库，或者将来你的程序要能连上一个远程数据库，很重要的一点是：你要清楚你的数据版本是多少，并且准备好相对应的连接驱动jar包，如果jar版本搞错了，这个错误你可能要排一天……**  
我的数据库版本：  
![6.0.11][]  
  
**所以我可以用mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar**  
  
**一、打开MyEclipse，因为只是单独搭建Hibernate环境，所以可以单纯地见一个Java Project，取名随意，我的就叫Hibernate**  
  
**二、在工程里新建一个文件夹用来放所需jar包，和src同级目录下**  
  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]  
  
**三、到hibernate-release-5.0.1.Final文件夹下去拷贝所需jar到lib文件夹下**  
**具体包含哪些jar看自己需求，我的因为包含一个c3p0连接池和需要输出调试日志，所以jar比较多，如下**  
  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]  
**可以看到，连接数据的jar也在其中，下一步就是选中所有jar，右击BuildPath—>Configur BuildPath，这样jar就准备好了**  
  
**四、创建实体类**

package com.hibernate.beans;
    
    public class Student {
        
    
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private double score;
        public Student() {
            super();
        }
        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }
        public Student(String name, int age, double score) {
            super();
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
            this.score = score;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
                    + ", score=" + score + "]";
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public int getAge() {
            return age;
        }
        public void setAge(int age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
        public double getScore() {
            return score;
        }
        public void setScore(double score) {
            this.score = score;
        }
    }

**五、编写实体映射文件，映射文件的存放位置与实体所在的包一致，名字格式为：xxxx.hbm.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
     <hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.beans">
        
         <class name="Student" table="t_student">
            <id name="id" column="t_id">
                
                <generator class="native"></generator>
            </id>
            <property name="name" column="t_name"></property>
            <property name="age" column="t_age"></property>
            <property name="score" column="t_score"></property>
         </class>
     </hibernate-mapping>

**六、编写Hibernate主配置文件，配置文件命名是固定的，必须为：hibernate.cfg.xml，一般放在src根目录下**  
  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
        <session-factory>
        
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        
        <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.c3p0.internal.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>
        
        <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
        
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        
        <mapping resource="com/hibernate/beans/Student.hbm.xml"/>
        </session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

**七、测试是否成功**  
  
**到此环境已经搭建的差不多了，测试一下环境是否可用，最直接的方式是往数据库中插入一条数据**

package com.hibernate.test;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    
    import com.hibernate.beans.Student;
    
    public class TestHibernate {
        
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            /**
             * 第一步：加载配置
             */
            Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure();
            /**
             * 第二步：获取sessionFactory
             */
            SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
            /**
             * 第三步：获取session对象
             */
            Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
            /**
             * 第四步：开启事务
             */
            try {
                session.beginTransaction();
                /**
                 * 第五步：执行操作
                 */
                Student student = new Student("李四", 20, 89.9);
                //执行操作
                session.save(student);
                /**
                 * 第六步：提交事务
                 */
                session.getTransaction().commit();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                // 回滚
                session.getTransaction().rollback();
            }
        }
    
    }

**结果显示如下：**  
  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 4]  
  
  
**文中涉及jar包等资源在群：511906138 均有!**

[hibernate_jar]: http://blog.csdn.net/leisure_life/article/details/60748288
[SouthEast]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306161613995?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[6.0.11]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306163710507?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[SouthEast 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306162014279?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[SouthEast 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306162612891?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[SouthEast 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306164948181?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
[SouthEast 4]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170306170108612?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvbGVpc3VyZV9saWZl/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast