详细源码编译安装httpd介绍

亦凉 2023-10-11 13:04 20阅读 0赞

### 一、源代码编译概述： ###

1.使用源代码安装软件的优点

获得最新的软件版本，及时修复bug  
根据用户需要，灵活定制软件功能

2.应用场合举例

安装较新版本的应用程序时  
自由软件的最新版本大都以源码的形式最先发布  
当前安装的程序无法满足需要时  
编译安装可由用户自行修改、定制功能  
需要为应用程序添加新的功能时  
用户可以重新配置、自由修改源代码，加入新的功能

3.Tarball 封包

.tar.gz 和 .tar.bz2 格式居多

4.完整性校验

使用md5sum校验工具  
计算MD5校验和，并与官方提供的值相比较，判断是否一致

[root@localhost ~]# md5sum httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz 
    24fb8b9e36cf131d78caae864fea0f6a  httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz

5.确认源代码编译环境需安装支持 C/C++程序语言的编译器，如：

[root@localhost ~]# gcc --version
    gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)
    Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
    warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
    
    [root@localhost ~]# make --version
    GNU Make 3.82
    Built for x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu

6.编译安装的基本过程

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

步骤1.解包

习惯上将软件包释放到 /usr/src/ 目录（-C指定目录）

解包后的源代码文件位置：/usr/src/软件名-版本号/

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

步骤2.配置

使用源码目录中的 configure 脚本

执行“./configure --help” 可以查看帮助

典型的配置选项：

\--prefix=软件安装目录

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache

步骤3.编译（-j指定逻辑CPU个数，加快编译速度。默认只有1个CPU处理）

执行make命令

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make -j 4

步骤4.安装

执行make install 命令（在命令前面添加time，可以查看安装时间，可选项）

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# time make install

### 二、案例（apache编译安装） ###

1、下载软件包（[http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/][http_archive.apache.org_dist_httpd]）

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig  ens32
    ens32: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 192.168.14.13  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.14.255
    
    [root@localhost ~]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz

2、完整性检验，因为这里下载的是gz包，所以打开对应的MD5

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3RsYWRhZ2lv_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![20190924111152699.png][]

查看下载到本地的MD5值

[root@localhost ~]# md5sum httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz 
    24fb8b9e36cf131d78caae864fea0f6a  httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz

3、解压到指定目录

[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz  -C /usr/src/

4、切换到解压目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/httpd-2.4.25/

5、执行./configure指定安装目录，选择安装模块并且排错，安装所依赖的包。

1）源码编译使用gcc，所以先安装gcc

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum install -y gcc

2）./configure --prefix=安装目录自定义，可以不存在，会自动创建。后面可选项根据需求更改。

第一次编译：提示APR

查看yum包里面的有关apr的，一般编译缺少的包，都是提示名字加上devel开发包，比如：apr-devel

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum search apr
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.163.com
     * extras: mirrors.163.com
     * updates: mirrors.163.com
    ===================================================================================== N/S matched: apr ======================================================================================
    apr-devel.i686 : APR library development kit
    apr-devel.x86_64 : APR library development kit
    apr-util-devel.i686 : APR utility library development kit
    apr-util-devel.x86_64 : APR utility library development kit
    apr-util-ldap.x86_64 : APR utility library LDAP support
    apr-util-mysql.x86_64 : APR utility library MySQL DBD driver
    apr-util-nss.x86_64 : APR utility library NSS crytpo support
    apr-util-odbc.x86_64 : APR utility library ODBC DBD driver
    apr-util-openssl.x86_64 : APR utility library OpenSSL crytpo support
    apr-util-pgsql.x86_64 : APR utility library PostgreSQL DBD driver
    apr-util-sqlite.x86_64 : APR utility library SQLite DBD driver
    pcp-pmda-haproxy.x86_64 : Performance Co-Pilot (PCP) metrics for HAProxy
    apr.i686 : Apache Portable Runtime library
    apr.x86_64 : Apache Portable Runtime library
    apr-util.i686 : Apache Portable Runtime Utility library
    apr-util.x86_64 : Apache Portable Runtime Utility library
    haproxy.x86_64 : TCP/HTTP proxy and load balancer for high availability environments

安装：apr-devel

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum install -y apr-devel

3）第二次编译：提示APR-util

按照上面操作，先查看是否有关apr-util-devel包

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum search apr-util
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.163.com
     * extras: mirrors.163.com
     * updates: mirrors.163.com
    =================================================================================== N/S matched: apr-util ===================================================================================
    apr-util.i686 : Apache Portable Runtime Utility library
    apr-util.x86_64 : Apache Portable Runtime Utility library
    apr-util-devel.i686 : APR utility library development kit
    apr-util-devel.x86_64 : APR utility library development kit
    apr-util-ldap.x86_64 : APR utility library LDAP support
    apr-util-mysql.x86_64 : APR utility library MySQL DBD driver
    apr-util-nss.x86_64 : APR utility library NSS crytpo support
    apr-util-odbc.x86_64 : APR utility library ODBC DBD driver
    apr-util-openssl.x86_64 : APR utility library OpenSSL crytpo support
    apr-util-pgsql.x86_64 : APR utility library PostgreSQL DBD driver
    apr-util-sqlite.x86_64 : APR utility library SQLite DBD driver

安装：apr-util-devel

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum install -y apr-util-devel

4）第三次编译：提示PCRE

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/httpd24  --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-ssl --enable-so
    checking for chosen layout... Apache
    checking for working mkdir -p... yes
    checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
    checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
    checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    configure: 
    configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
    configure: 
    checking for APR... yes
      setting CC to "gcc"
      setting CPP to "gcc -E"
      setting CFLAGS to "  -pthread"
      setting CPPFLAGS to " -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE"
      setting LDFLAGS to " "
    configure: 
    configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime Utility library...
    configure: 
    checking for APR-util... yes
    checking for gcc... gcc
    checking whether the C compiler works... yes
    checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
    checking for suffix of executables... 
    checking whether we are cross compiling... no
    checking for suffix of object files... o
    checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
    checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
    checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
    checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
    checking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... -std=gnu99
    checking for pcre-config... false
    configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/

查询

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum search pcre
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.163.com
     * extras: mirrors.163.com
     * updates: mirrors.163.com
    ===================================================================================== N/S matched: pcre =====================================================================================
    pcre-devel.i686 : Development files for pcre
    pcre-devel.x86_64 : Development files for pcre
    pcre-static.i686 : Static library for pcre
    pcre-static.x86_64 : Static library for pcre
    pcre-tools.x86_64 : Auxiliary utilities for pcre
    pcre2-devel.i686 : Development files for pcre2
    pcre2-devel.x86_64 : Development files for pcre2
    pcre2-static.i686 : Static library for pcre2
    pcre2-static.x86_64 : Static library for pcre2
    pcre2-tools.x86_64 : Auxiliary utilities for pcre2
    pcre2-utf16.i686 : UTF-16 variant of PCRE2
    pcre2-utf16.x86_64 : UTF-16 variant of PCRE2
    pcre2-utf32.i686 : UTF-32 variant of PCRE2
    pcre2-utf32.x86_64 : UTF-32 variant of PCRE2
    pcre.i686 : Perl-compatible regular expression library
    pcre.x86_64 : Perl-compatible regular expression library
    pcre2.i686 : Perl-compatible regular expression library
    pcre2.x86_64 : Perl-compatible regular expression library

安装：pcre-devel

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum install -y pcre-devel

5）第四次编译：提示OpenSSL version is too old

编译显示过长，只截取错误提示

checking for OpenSSL... checking for user-provided OpenSSL base directory... none
    checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a... FAILED
    configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
    no
    checking whether to enable mod_ssl... configure: error: mod_ssl has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures

查询

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum search openssl
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
     * base: mirrors.163.com
     * extras: mirrors.163.com
     * updates: mirrors.163.com
    =================================================================================== N/S matched: openssl ====================================================================================
    apr-util-openssl.x86_64 : APR utility library OpenSSL crytpo support
    openssl-devel.i686 : Files for development of applications which will use OpenSSL
    openssl-devel.x86_64 : Files for development of applications which will use OpenSSL
    openssl-perl.x86_64 : Perl scripts provided with OpenSSL
    openssl-static.i686 : Libraries for static linking of applications which will use OpenSSL
    openssl-static.x86_64 : Libraries for static linking of applications which will use OpenSSL
    perl-Crypt-OpenSSL-Bignum.x86_64 : Perl interface to OpenSSL for Bignum
    perl-Crypt-OpenSSL-RSA.x86_64 : Perl interface to OpenSSL for RSA
    perl-Crypt-OpenSSL-Random.x86_64 : Perl interface to OpenSSL for Random
    pyOpenSSL.x86_64 : Python wrapper module around the OpenSSL library
    pyOpenSSL-doc.noarch : Documentation for pyOpenSSL
    xmlsec1-openssl.i686 : OpenSSL crypto plugin for XML Security Library
    xmlsec1-openssl.x86_64 : OpenSSL crypto plugin for XML Security Library
    xmlsec1-openssl-devel.i686 : OpenSSL crypto plugin for XML Security Library
    xmlsec1-openssl-devel.x86_64 : OpenSSL crypto plugin for XML Security Library
    m2crypto.x86_64 : Support for using OpenSSL in python scripts
    nss_compat_ossl.i686 : Source-level compatibility library for OpenSSL to NSS porting
    nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 : Source-level compatibility library for OpenSSL to NSS porting
    openssl.x86_64 : Utilities from the general purpose cryptography library with TLS implementation
    openssl-libs.x86_64 : A general purpose cryptography library with TLS implementation
    openssl-libs.i686 : A general purpose cryptography library with TLS implementation
    openssl098e.i686 : A compatibility version of a general cryptography and TLS library
    openssl098e.x86_64 : A compatibility version of a general cryptography and TLS library
    perl-Crypt-SSLeay.x86_64 : Crypt::SSLeay - OpenSSL glue that provides LWP https support
    perl-Net-SSLeay.x86_64 : Perl extension for using OpenSSL
    qca-ossl.i686 : OpenSSL plugin for the Qt Cryptographic Architecture v2
    qca-ossl.x86_64 : OpenSSL plugin for the Qt Cryptographic Architecture v2

安装：

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# yum install -y openssl-devel

6）第五次编译终于成功（如果按照以上操作有问题，可以删除解压包，因为相关的依赖包已经安装完成。重新解压软件包编译即可）

config.status: executing default commands
    configure: summary of build options:
    
        Server Version: 2.4.25
        Install prefix: /apps/httpd24
        C compiler:     gcc -std=gnu99
        CFLAGS:           -pthread
        LDFLAGS:         
        LIBS:           
        CPPFLAGS:        -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE
        C preprocessor: gcc -E

6、由此可见，编译成功需要的软件包：gcc  apr-devel  arp-util-devel  pcre-devel  openssl-devel

7、make

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make -j 4

8、make install（可以查看到创建了相关目录）

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make install
    ...
    ...
    Installing configuration files
    mkdir /etc/httpd                   #配置目录
    mkdir /etc/httpd/extra
    mkdir /etc/httpd/original
    mkdir /etc/httpd/original/extra
    Installing HTML documents
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/htdocs        #页面目录
    Installing error documents
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/error
    Installing icons
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/icons
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/logs
    Installing CGIs
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/cgi-bin
    Installing header files
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/include
    Installing build system files
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/build
    Installing man pages and online manual
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/man
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/man/man1
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/man/man8
    mkdir /apps/httpd24/manual
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/httpd-2.4.25'

9、关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# systemctl stop firewalld
    [root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]#  sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

10、启动apache服务（如何不知道如何启动，可以查看）

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# more INSTALL 
    
      APACHE INSTALLATION OVERVIEW
    
      Quick Start - Unix
      ------------------
    
      For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
      http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html
    
         $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
         $ make
         $ make install
         $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start        #用户指定安装目录（apps/httpd24）/bin/apachectl start

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# cd /apps/httpd24/bin/
    [root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl start 
    AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
    [root@localhost bin]# ss -ntlp
    State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                 Local Address:Port                                                                Peer Address:Port              
    LISTEN      0      128                                                                *:22                                                                             *:*                   users:(("sshd",pid=5066,fd=3))
    LISTEN      0      100                                                        127.0.0.1:25                                                                             *:*                   users:(("master",pid=5558,fd=13))
    LISTEN      0      128                                                               :::80                                                                            :::*                   users:(("httpd",pid=17249,fd=4),("httpd",pid=17248,fd=4),("httpd",pid=17247,fd=4),("httpd",pid=17246,fd=4))
    LISTEN      0      128                                                               :::22                                                                            :::*                   users:(("sshd",pid=5066,fd=4))
    LISTEN      0      100                                                              ::1:25                                                                            :::*                   users:(("master",pid=5558,fd=14))

11、在其他主机访问成功

[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.14.13
    <html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>

### 三、脚本安装 ###

1、最好先下载httpd-2.4.25.tar放到/root目录下（因为脚本就在/root目录下，安装包放到跟脚本同一个目录），这样执行脚本过程中不需要重新下载，节省时间

[root@localhost ~]# cat http.sh 
    #!/bin/bash
    sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config    #关闭selinux
    systemctl stop firewalld       #关闭防火墙
    systemctl disable firewalld    #开机不启动
    cpu=`cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l`    #获取主机逻辑CPU个数
    prefix=/apps/httpd24           #httpd安装目录
    sysconfdir=/etc/httpd          #httpd配置文件目录
    yum install -y gcc apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel wget
    ls | grep httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is exist"        #提升安装包已经存在
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz  -C /tmp/
        cd /tmp/httpd-2.4.25/
        ./configure --prefix=$prefix --sysconfdir=$sysconfdir --enable-ssl --enable-so
        make -j $cpu
        make install
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is start"        #启动服务提示
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        $prefix/bin/apachectl start
    else
        wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
        tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz  -C /tmp/
        cd /tmp/httpd-2.4.25/
        ./configure --prefix=$prefix --sysconfdir=$sysconfdir --enable-ssl --enable-so
        make -j $cpu
        make install
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is start"        #启动服务提示
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        $prefix/bin/apachectl start
    
    fi

### 四、远程服务器脚本安装httpd ###

（其他主机调用脚本服务器里面的脚本，直接执行安装）

服务器端（192.168.14.13），把脚本放到htdocs目录下

[root@http-server htdocs]# pwd
    /apps/httpd24/htdocs
    [root@http-server htdocs]# ll
    total 8
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  1610 Sep 24 04:18 http.sh
    -rw-r--r--. 1  501 games   45 Jun 11  2007 index.html

客户端：

1、客户端IP

[root@localhost ~]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
        link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
        inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    2: ens32: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:0c:29:08:01:5d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        inet 192.168.14.40/24 brd 192.168.14.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens32
           valid_lft 3117sec preferred_lft 3117sec
        inet6 fe80::c241:11e3:176d:aca4/64 scope link noprefixroute 
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2、cur http://192.168.14.13/http.sh查看

[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.14.13/http.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
    systemctl stop firewalld
    cpu=`cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l`
    prefix=/apps/httpd24
    sysconfdir=/etc/httpd
    yum install -y gcc apr-devel apr-util-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel wget
    ls | grep httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is exist"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz  -C /tmp/
        cd /tmp/httpd-2.4.25/
        ./configure --prefix=$prefix --sysconfdir=$sysconfdir --enable-ssl --enable-so
        make -j $cpu
        make install
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is start"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        $prefix/bin/apachectl start
    else
        wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
        tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz  -C /tmp/
        cd /tmp/httpd-2.4.25/
        ./configure --prefix=$prefix --sysconfdir=$sysconfdir --enable-ssl --enable-so
        make -j $cpu
        make install
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "the httpd is start"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------"
        sleep 30
        $prefix/bin/apachectl start
    
    fi

3、把查看的结果传递给bash执行

root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.14.13/http.sh | bash

4、查看结果

make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/httpd-2.4.25'
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    the httpd is start
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
    [root@localhost ~]# ss -ntlp
    State       Recv-Q Send-Q                    Local Address:Port                                   Peer Address:Port              
    LISTEN      0      128                                   *:22                                                *:*                   users:(("sshd",pid=5192,fd=3))
    LISTEN      0      100                           127.0.0.1:25                                                *:*                   users:(("master",pid=5684,fd=13))
    LISTEN      0      128                                  :::80                                               :::*                   users:(("httpd",pid=12034,fd=4),("httpd",pid=12033,fd=4),("httpd",pid=12032,fd=4),("httpd",pid=12031,fd=4))
    LISTEN      0      128                                  :::22                                               :::*                   users:(("sshd",pid=5192,fd=4))
    LISTEN      0      100                                 ::1:25                                               :::*                   users:(("master",pid=5684,fd=14))

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[http_archive.apache.org_dist_httpd]: http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/
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[20190924111152699.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190924111152699.png