Nginx 服务安装搭建

墨蓝 2023-09-25 20:16 133阅读 0赞

前言：  
Nginx(“engine x”)是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发高性能的 Web和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。

在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品

## Nginx 安装 ##

系统平台：CentOS release 7 (Final) 64位。

## 一、安装编译工具及库文件 ##

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel

## 二、首先要安装 PCRE ##

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

**1、下载 PCRE 安装包**  
下载地址： http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

[root@liulihui Software]# cd /usr/local/Software/
    [root@liulihui Software]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

**2、解压安装包:**

[root@liulihui Software]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

**3、进入安装包目录**

[root@liulihui local]# cd pcre-8.35

**4、编译安装**

[root@liulihui pcre-8.35]# ./configure
    [root@liulihui pcre-8.35]# make && make install

**5、查看pcre版本**

[root@liulihui pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version
    8.35

## 安装 Nginx ##

**1、下载 Nginx;**  
下载地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

[root@liulihui Software]# cd /usr/local/Software/
    [root@liulihui Software]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

**2、解压安装包：**

[root@liulihui Software]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

**3、进入安装包目录**

[root@liulihui local]# cd nginx-1.6.2/

**4、编译安装**

[root@liulihui nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre-8.35
    [root@liulihui nginx-1.6.2]# make
    [root@liulihui nginx-1.6.2]# make install

**5、查看nginx版本**

[root@liulihui nginx-1.6.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
    nginx version: nginx/1.6.2

**6、查看nginx配置文件**

[root@liulihui nginx-1.6.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx
    [root@liulihui nginx]# ls
    conf  html  logs  sbin

到此，nginx安装完成。

Nginx 配置  
创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 root

[root@liulihui conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd root

配置nginx.conf ，将/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容

user root;
    worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
    error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
    pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
    #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
    worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
    events
    {
        
      worker_connections 65535;
    }
    http
    {
        
      include mime.types;
      default_type application/octet-stream;
      log_format main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                   '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                   '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
      
    #charset gb2312;
         
      server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
      client_header_buffer_size 32k;
      large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
      client_max_body_size 100m;
         
      sendfile on;
      tcp_nopush on;
      keepalive_timeout 60;
      tcp_nodelay on;
      fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
      fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
      fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
      fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
      fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
      gzip on; 
      gzip_min_length 1k;
      gzip_buffers 4 16k;
      gzip_http_version 1.0;
      gzip_comp_level 2;
      gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
      gzip_vary on;
     
      #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
      #下面是server虚拟主机的配置
     server
      {
        
        listen 80; #监听端口
        server_name localhost; #域名
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html; #站点目录
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
        {
        
          expires 30d;
       # access_log off;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
        
          expires 15d;
       # access_log off;
        }
        access_log off;
      }
    
    }

检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：

[root@liulihui conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    [root@liulihui conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

启动 Nginx  
Nginx 启动命令如下：

[root@liulihui conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

访问站点  
从浏览器访问我们配置的站点ip：

Nginx 其他命令  
以下包含了 Nginx 常用的几个命令：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload            # 重新载入配置文件
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen            # 重启 Nginx
    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop              # 停止 Nginx