英语语法汇总（13.虚拟语气）

我会带着你远行 2023-09-23 14:14 78阅读 0赞

# 英语语法汇总（13.虚拟语气） #

## 概述 ##

说话人主观愿望，推测等，而非客观情况，用在非真实条件句中

How I wish I were a bird

## 虚拟语气的基本形式 ##

*  与所描述的情况与目前事实不符，用现在虚拟语气，与将来的不符，用将来虚拟语气，所描述的情况与过去发生不符，用过去虚拟语气
    
     *  if I were you, I should try it aging
     *  If i had got up earlier yesterday, I would have caught the first bus then  
        ![在这里插入图片描述][f1221550887842579fc474de21cfbd5a.png_pic_center]
 *  might/should/ought to +动词的完成时，表过去可能发生而没发生的事情
    
     *  we should have caught the first train if we had got up earlier

## wish与if only 引起的虚拟语气 ##

*  wish 和if only 表示愿望，两者可以互换
 *  if only 侧重于强调所希望的情况并不存在，而wish则通常表示所希望的事情有可能发生
    
     *  I wish/if only the sun were/was shining at this moment
     *  I wish you could complete the dream
     *  If only we could be together
 *

## 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ##

*  wish,would rather/had better 后接宾语从句，或在It‘s high/about time that 从句结构中，使用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的动词为过去式、过去完成式，表示现在/过去事实相反
 *  I wish you saw the exhibition(和现在事实相反)
 *  I wish you had seen the exhibition yesterday(和过去事实相反)
 *  It’s high time you got up
 *  would rather/sooner +从句， 使用虚拟语气
    
     *  I would rather Jack take the former train
 *  would rather /sooner+从句结构，表示和过去情况相反
    
     *  I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it
 *  suggest,propse,advise,insist,command,order,require/request 和recommend，引导宾语从句时使用虚拟语气
    
     *  To save time. I suggest we meet at the restaurant
     *  名词引导同位语从句或表语从句也使用虚拟语句
        
         *  To save time, my suggestion is that we meet at the restaurant
     *  在suggest，insist等引导的宾语从句，主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，一般不用虚拟语句；而当主句的主语和从句的主语不一致时，需要使用虚拟语气
        
         *  He insisted that he had once seen the UFO(主句和从句的主语一致)
         *  I suggest that she go to there
     *  suggest表示暗示，说明而不表示监护仪，不引导虚拟语气
        
         *  Her accent suggests that she’s from Canada

## 主语从句中的虚拟语气（“It’s vital/essential+that从句”等引导的虚拟语气） ##

*  important, vital,essential等，从句的谓语用should+动词原形
    
     *  It is vital that we should go there

## as if/though 引导的虚拟语气 ##

*  进行非事实的比喻或夸张，引导虚拟语气
    
     *  he talked about Japan as if he had been there for many times
 *  as if 也可用在句首，表示惊讶，不满等
    
     *  As if we were all stupid and he alone clever
 *  表示一种真实情况，应该用正常语气
    
     *  It looks as if it is going to rain soon

## 虚拟语气中的倒装结构 ##

*  虚拟条件句中使用倒装结构形式代替if
    
     *  should you change your mind ,let us know= if you should change you mind, let us know

[f1221550887842579fc474de21cfbd5a.png_pic_center]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f1221550887842579fc474de21cfbd5a.png#pic_center