Spring框架学习01——使用IDEA开发Spring程序

短命女 2023-07-04 14:28 8阅读 0赞

### 1、创建项目 ###

点击“Create New Project”，新建项目

![480452-20190318233611125-711175646.png][]

选择Maven项目

![480452-20190318233641529-433693896.png][]

项目配置

![480452-20190318233709024-1241782343.png][]

使用本地安装的Maven

![480452-20190318233747488-2084227079.png][]

一直点击Next，最后点击完成  
当控制台中出现“BUILD SUCCESS”，项目创建成功

![480452-20190318233813760-1198455191.png][]

### 2、加载依赖 ###

在pom.xml文件中添加Spring依赖和日志相关依赖

<dependencies>
      
      <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
        <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>

### 3、代码实现 ###

在main目录下面创建java和resources目录

![480452-20190318233949457-669508942.png][]

分别在java和resources目录上点击右键，分别选择Mark Directory as-->Sources Root 和 Mark Directory as -->Resources Root，设置为源码目录和资源目录

![480452-20190318234016519-1675459296.png][]

创建dao包，在dao包下创建TestDao接口和TestDao接口的实现类，结构如下图：

![480452-20190318234041121-1884527930.png][]

TestDao接口代码示例：

package dao;
    
    public interface TestDao {
        public void sayHello();
    }

TestDaoImpl实现类代码示例：

package dao;
    
    public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao {
        @Override
        public void sayHello() {
            System.out.println("Hello,Spring!");
        }
    }

在resources资源目录点击右键，依次选择New-->XML Configuration File-->Spring Config，创建applicationContext.xml的配置文件

![480452-20190318234138699-1319075375.png][]

applicationContext.xml配置文件代码示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
        
        <bean id="testDao" class="dao.TestDaoImpl"></bean>
    
    </beans>

创建test包，在test包下创建测试类SpringTest

![480452-20190318234221336-311931064.png][]

SpringTest类代码示例：

package test;
    
    import dao.TestDao;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    public class SpringTest {
    
        @Test
        public void demo(){
            //初始化Spring容器ApplicationContext，加载配置文件
            ApplicationContext application = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            //通过容器获取testDao实例
            TestDao testDao = (TestDao) application.getBean("testDao");
            testDao.sayHello();
        }
    
    }

点击测试方法左侧的运行按钮，选择Run，测试代码

![480452-20190318234306272-200841345.png][]

运行后控制台显示结果

![480452-20190318234331442-1478280346.png][]

到此项目运行成功！

[480452-20190318233611125-711175646.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233611125-711175646.png
[480452-20190318233641529-433693896.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233641529-433693896.png
[480452-20190318233709024-1241782343.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233709024-1241782343.png
[480452-20190318233747488-2084227079.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233747488-2084227079.png
[480452-20190318233813760-1198455191.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233813760-1198455191.png
[480452-20190318233949457-669508942.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318233949457-669508942.png
[480452-20190318234016519-1675459296.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234016519-1675459296.png
[480452-20190318234041121-1884527930.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234041121-1884527930.png
[480452-20190318234138699-1319075375.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234138699-1319075375.png
[480452-20190318234221336-311931064.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234221336-311931064.png
[480452-20190318234306272-200841345.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234306272-200841345.png
[480452-20190318234331442-1478280346.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/480452/201903/480452-20190318234331442-1478280346.png