Redhat红帽系统的yum修改成Contros的yum

柔情只为你懂 2023-02-21 09:23 4阅读 0赞

# Redhat红帽系统的yum修改成Contros的yum #

redhat 默认自带的 yum 源需要注册，才能更新。我们想不花钱，需要替换掉redhat的yum源，最好是国内的源。

## 1、查看自带的yum软件包 ##

[root@linuxprobe ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
    yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch
    yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
    yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch
    yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch
    yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch
    yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
    yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch

这下面列出来的软件包，要记住一下，后面要根据其来搜索rpm包来安装新版本。比如”yum-utils”、”yum-langpacks”等等。

## 2、卸载这些安装包 ##

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
    rpm -qa |grep yum

[root@linuxprobe package]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
    warning: /etc/yum.conf saved as /etc/yum.conf.rpmsave
    warning: /etc/logrotate.d/yum saved as /etc/logrotate.d/yum.rpmsave
    [root@linuxprobe package]# rpm -qa |grep yum
    [root@linuxprobe package]#

## 3、保证上网正常 ##

ping www.baidu.com

如果不能ping通百度则有可能需要配置路由：

查看路由表  
route

增加默认路由  
route add default gw 192.168.X.X \# 和主机保持一致默认网关  
注：删除默认路由 route del default gw 192.168.X.X  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3N1bW1lcl9zdHlsZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]  
重启网卡  
service network restart

## 4、进入以下网站下载对应的rpm包 ##

阿里云网络源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86\_64/Packages/  
网易163网络源地址：http://mirrors.163.com/  
CentOS网络源地址：http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/  
使用CTRL+F输入关键字查找对应的安装包即可。  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3N1bW1lcl9zdHlsZQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## 5、找到安装包后下载下来 ##

由于输出结果较多，故省略，下面是指令

wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-43.el7.x86_64.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm 
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch.rpm 
    wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm

## 6、安装 ##

输入指令rpm -ivh yum-\*，遇到报错，依赖项问题。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-*
    warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
    error: Failed dependencies:
        rpm >= 0:4.11.3-22 is needed by yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch

另外再回去找安装包下载下来：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm

输入指令更新rpm：

rpm -Uvh rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

再次运行rpm -ivh yum-\*，可以正常安装了。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-*
    warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
    Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
    Updating / installing...
       1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 20%]
       2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 40%]
       3:yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos         ################################# [ 60%]
       4:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-42.el7   ################################# [ 80%]
       5:yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7          ################################# [100%]

## 7、更新源 ##

下面更新源即可使用CentOS yum源了

[root@node1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

## 8、更新缓存 ##

### 8.1、更新缓存报错解决 ###

[root@node1 ~]# yum makecache
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
                  : manager
    This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
    http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
    Trying other mirror.
    To address this issue please refer to the below knowledge base article 
    
    https://access.redhat.com/articles/1320623
    
    If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please create a bug on https://bugs.centos.org/
    
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.
    http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
    Trying other mirror.

尝试CentOS-Base.repo内容更改为163的源

#CentOS-Base.repo
    #
    # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
    # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
    # geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
    # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
    #
    # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
    # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
    #
    #
    [base]
    name=CentOS-$7 - Base - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #released updates
    [updates]
    name=CentOS-$7 - Updates - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that may be useful
    [extras]
    name=CentOS-$7 - Extras - 163.com
    #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
    
    #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
    [centosplus]
    name=CentOS-$7 - Plus - 163.com
    baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
    gpgcheck=1
    enabled=0
    gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

## 8、之后运行yum clean all清除缓存 ##

## 9、运行yum makecache从阿里云中加载仓库的metadata数据，生成缓存。 ##

## 10、查看仓库的信息列表 yum repolist ，配置成功 ##

## 11、验证是否成功 ##

[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# yum install -y tree
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
    This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    Package tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
    Nothing to do
    [root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# yum install -y vim
    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
    This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
    Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    Package 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-6.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
    Nothing to do

参考文档：  
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujun007/articles/11624461.html  
https://blog.csdn.net/hongbin\_xu/article/details/79316614  
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/80077508  
https://www.jianshu.com/p/47c1381e5780

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