卫星导航中测距码和载波相位

快来打我* 2023-02-16 05:29 2阅读 0赞

> ## GNSS用来定位有两个**前提：** ##
> 
> **卫星位置的确定；**
> 
> **星站距离的确定；本质是确定时间差！**

## 一、测距码/伪距： ##

以GPS的L1频点的C/A码为例：

周期为1ms，长度为300KM；码片长度为300m；

优点：没有模糊度，缺点：精度低；

**测距原理：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

![20200608145055551.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

> 接收机根据自身的钟在ts时刻所接收到卫星在ts时刻所发送信号的相位；
> 
> 接收机根据自身的钟在ts时刻复制信号的相位；

伪距推导方式1：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

## 二、载波相位测量/载波测距： ##

**载波相位测量：**

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

**载波测距：**

> 接收机根据自身的钟在ts时刻所接收到卫星在ts时刻所发送信号的相位；
> 
> 接收机根据自身的钟在ts时刻复制信号的相位；

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3d1d3VrdTEyMw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

## 参考： ##

武汉大学 测绘学院 GPS原理及其应用课程组 课件

杨雪银课件

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[20200608145055551.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200608145055551.png
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