尚硅谷SpringBoot整合教程(springboot框架实战)--任务（异步/定时/邮件任务）

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-12-11 06:25 97阅读 0赞

# 异步/同步/定时任务 #

# 1.异步任务 #

## 启动加@EnableAsync ##

springBoot会开一个线程池来处理异步任务

@EnableAsync  //开启异步注解功能
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class Springboot04TaskApplication { 
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		SpringApplication.run(Springboot04TaskApplication.class, args);
    	}
    }

## 需要异步执行的方法加 @Async注解 ##

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    @Service
    public class AsyncService { 
    
        //告诉Spring这是一个异步方法
        @Async
        public void hello(){ 
            try { 
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("处理数据中...");
        }
    }

调用

@RestController
    public class AsyncController { 
    
        @Autowired
        AsyncService asyncService;
    
        @GetMapping("/hello")
        public String hello(){ 
            asyncService.hello();
            return "success";
        }
    }

# 2. 定时任务 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

## 启动类 加@EnableScheduling ##

开启基于注解的定时任务

@EnableScheduling //开启基于注解的定时任务
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class Springboot04TaskApplication { 
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) { 
    		SpringApplication.run(Springboot04TaskApplication.class, args);
    	}
    }

## 定时执行的方法加 @Async注解 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][2020092822304749.png_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20200928223253200.png_pic_center]

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    @Service
    public class ScheduledService { 
    
        /** * second(秒), minute（分）, hour（时）, day of month（日）, month（月）, day of week（周几）. * 0 * * * * MON-FRI * 【0 0/5 14,18 * * ?】 每天14点整，和18点整，每隔5分钟执行一次 * 【0 15 10 ? * 1-6】 每个月的周一至周六10:15分执行一次 * 【0 0 2 ? * 6L】每个月的最后一个周六凌晨2点执行一次 * 【0 0 2 LW * ?】每个月的最后一个工作日凌晨2点执行一次 * 【0 0 2-4 ? * 1#1】每个月的第一个周一凌晨2点到4点期间，每个整点都执行一次； */
       // @Scheduled(cron = "0 * * * * MON-SAT")
        //@Scheduled(cron = "0,1,2,3,4 * * * * MON-SAT") //0，1，2，3，4 秒各执行一次 4秒以后不执行
       // @Scheduled(cron = "0-4 * * * * MON-SAT")// //0，1，2，3，4 秒各执行一次，4秒以后不执行
        @Scheduled(cron = "0/4 * * * * MON-SAT")  //每4秒执行一次
        public void hello(){ 
            System.out.println("hello ... ");
        }
    }

# 3.邮件任务 #

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
引入依赖

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
    		</dependency>

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 3]

配置文件  
application.yml

spring:
      mail:
      username: 534096094@qq.com
      password: gtstkoszjelabijb
      host: smtp:qq:com
      properties: mail:smtp:ssl:enable=true

application.properties

spring.mail.username=534096094@qq.com
    spring.mail.password=gtstkoszjelabijb
    spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
    spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true

import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
    import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
    import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import java.io.File;
    
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class Springboot04TaskApplicationTests { 
    
    	@Autowired
    	JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
    
    	@Test
    	//简单邮件发送
    	public void contextLoads() { 
    		SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
    		//邮件设置
    		message.setSubject("通知-今晚开会");
    		message.setText("今晚7:30开会");
    		//发送给谁
    		message.setTo("17512080612@163.com");
    		//谁发的
    		message.setFrom("534096094@qq.com");
    
    		mailSender.send(message);
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	//带附件的邮件发送
    	public void test02() throws  Exception{ 
    		//1、创建一个复杂的消息邮件
    		MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
    		MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
    
    		//邮件设置
    		helper.setSubject("通知-今晚开会");
    		helper.setText("<b style='color:red'>今天 7:30 开会</b>",true);
    
    		helper.setTo("17512080612@163.com");
    		helper.setFrom("534096094@qq.com");
    
    		//上传文件
    		helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\lfy\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\1.jpg"));
    		helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\lfy\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\2.jpg"));
    
    		mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    
    	}
    
    }

*  简单邮件发送结果  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 4]  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 5]

1.  带附件的邮件发送结果  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 6]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 7]

附件  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3lhbmdzaGVuZ3dlaTIzMDYxMg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 8]

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[2020092822304749.png_pic_center]: /images/20221123/84f4fd423dda41d791d81a773855a51c.png
[20200928223253200.png_pic_center]: /images/20221123/9fb7284a13be4ac29463d88a99f73411.png
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