java开发gui_开发Java GUI

快来打我* 2022-12-06 15:38 166阅读 0赞

java开发gui

GUI stands for Graphical User Interface, a term used not only in [Java][] but in all programming languages that support the development of GUIs. A program's graphical user interface presents an easy-to-use visual display to the user. It is made up of graphical components (e.g., buttons, labels, windows) through which the user can interact with the page or [application][].

GUI代表图形用户界面，该术语不仅在[Java中][Java]使用，而且在支持GUI开发的所有编程语言中使用。 程序的图形用户界面为用户提供了易于使用的视觉显示。 它由图形组件(例如按钮，标签，窗口)组成，用户可以通过它们与页面或[应用程序][application]进行交互。

To make graphical user interfaces in Java, use either Swing (older applications) or JavaFX.

要使用Java创建图形用户界面，请使用Swing(旧版应用程序)或JavaFX。

## 典型元素 **(** Typical Elements **)** ##

A [GUI][] includes a range of user interface elements — which just means all the elements that display when you are working in an application. These can include:

[GUI][]包含一系列用户界面元素-仅表示在应用程序中工作时显示的所有元素。 这些可以包括：

*  Input controls such as buttons, dropdown lists, checkboxes, and text fields.
    
    输入控件，例如按钮，下拉列表，复选框和文本字段。
 *  Informational elements such as labels, banners, icons, or notification dialogs.
    
    信息元素，例如标签，横幅，图标或通知对话框。
 *  Navigational elements, including sidebars, breadcrumbs, and menus.
    
    导航元素，包括边栏，面包屑和菜单。

## Java GUI框架：Swing和JavaFX **(** Java GUI Frameworks: Swing and JavaFX **)** ##

Java has included Swing, an API for creating GUIs, in its Java Standard Edition since Java 1.2, or 2007. It's designed with a modular architecture so that elements are easily plug-and-play and can be customized. It has long been the API of choice for Java developers when creating GUIs.

自Java 1.2或2007年以来，Java在其Java Standard Edition中已包含Swing(用于创建GUI的API)。它采用模块化体系结构设计，因此可以轻松地即插即用并可以对其进行自定义。 在创建GUI时，它一直是Java开发人员的首选API。

[JavaFX][] has also been around a long time — Sun Microsystems, which owned Java before the current owner Oracle, released the first version in 2008, but it didn't really gain traction until Oracle purchased Java from Sun.

[JavaFX][]也已经存在了很长的时间-Sun Microsystems于2008年发布了第一个版本，比现在的所有者Oracle拥有Java的所有权。但是直到Oracle从Sun购买Java才真正吸引了人们。

Oracle's intention is to eventually replace Swing with JavaFX. Java 8, released in 2014, was the first release to include JavaFX in the core distribution.

Oracle的意图是最终用JavaFX代替Swing。 2014年发布的Java 8是第一个在核心发行版中包含JavaFX的版本。

If you are new to Java, you should learn JavaFX rather than Swing, although you may need to understand Swing because so many applications incorporate it, and so many developers are still actively using it.

如果您不熟悉Java，则应该学习JavaFX而不是Swing，尽管您可能需要了解Swing，因为有很多应用程序都在使用它，而且还有许多开发人员仍在积极使用它。

JavaFX features an entirely different set of graphic components as well as a new terminology and has many features that interface with web programming, such as support for Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), a web component for embedding a web page inside an FX application, and the functionality to play web multimedia content.

JavaFX具有一组完全不同的图形组件以及一个新术语，并具有与Web编程接口的许多功能，例如，支持层叠样式表(CSS)，用于将网页嵌入FX应用程序的Web组件，以及播放网络多媒体内容的功能。

## 设计与可用性 **(** Design and Usability **)** ##

If you're an application developer, you need to consider not only the tools and programming widgets you will use to create your GUI, but also be aware of the user and how he will interact with the application.

如果您是应用程序开发人员，则不仅需要考虑用于创建GUI的工具和编程小部件，还需要了解用户以及他将如何与应用程序交互。

For example, is the application intuitive and easy to navigate? Can your user find what he needs in the expected places? Be consistent and predictable about where you place things — for instance, users are familiar with navigational elements on top menu bars or left sidebars. Adding navigation in a right sidebar or on the bottom will only make the user experience more difficult.

例如，应用程序是否直观且易于浏览？ 您的用户可以在预期的位置找到所需的东西吗？ 在放置物品的位置上要保持一致和可预测-例如，用户熟悉顶部菜单栏或左侧边栏上的导航元素。 在右侧栏或底部添加导航只会使用户体验更加困难。

Other issues might include the availability and power of any search mechanism, the behavior of the application when an error occurs, and, of course, the general aesthetics of the application.

其他问题可能包括任何搜索机制的可用性和功能，发生错误时应用程序的行为，当然还有应用程序的整体美观。

Usability is a field in and of itself, but once you have mastered the tools for creating GUIs, learn the basics of usability to ensure that your application has a look-and-feel that will make it attractive and useful to its users.

可用性本身就是一个领域，但是一旦您掌握了创建GUI的工具，便要学习可用性的基础知识，以确保您的应用程序具有外观和风格，从而使其对用户具有吸引力和实用性。

> 翻译自: [https://www.thoughtco.com/gui-2034108][https_www.thoughtco.com_gui-2034108]

java开发gui

[Java]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-java-2034117
[application]: https://www.thoughtco.com/example-java-code-for-building-a-simple-gui-application-2034066
[GUI]: https://www.thoughtco.com/coding-a-simple-graphical-user-interface-2034064
[JavaFX]: https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-javafx-2034192
[https_www.thoughtco.com_gui-2034108]: https://www.thoughtco.com/gui-2034108