SQL Server经典查询语句练习题及答案

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2022-10-22 04:13 232阅读 0赞

注意：在插入数据的时候，需要将zahowei改成中文，原数据是中文的，因为最近这个词不能过审，只能用拼音代替了，可能是那个人出了啥事吧，审核不通过就挺莫名其妙的

**现在有一教学管理系统，具体的关系模式如下：**  
       **Student (no, name, sex, birthday, class)**  
       **Teacher (no, name, sex, birthday, prof, depart)**  
       **Course (cno, cname, tno)**  
       **Score (no, cno, degree)**  
**其中表中包含如下数据：**  
**Course表：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

**Score表：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

**Student表：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

**Teacher表：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

首先创建教学管理系统数据库：

use master
    
    create database Teach_manage
    on primary
    (
    name='Teach_mange',
    filename='D:\sqldata\Teach_mange.mdf',
    size=4,
    maxsize=30,
    filegrowth=10%
    )
    log on
    (
    name='mange_log',
    filename='D:\sqldata\mange_log.ldf',
    size=3,
    maxsize=20,
    filegrowth=10%
    )

**DDL**

**1.写出上述表的建表语句**

**命令：**

create table Student(no int,name varchar(14),sex varchar(2),birthday date,class int);
    create table Teacher(no int,name varchar(14),sex varchar(2),birthday date,prof varchar(10),depart varchar(10));
    create table Course(cno varchar(8),cname varchar(14),tno int);
    create table Score(no int,cno varchar(8),degree int);

DML

**2.给出相应的INSERT语句来完成题中给出数据的插入**

**命令：**

insert into Student values(5001,'李勇','男','1987-7-22',95001);
    insert into Student values(5002,'刘晨','女','1987-11-15',95002);
    insert into Student values(5003,'王敏','女','1987-10-5',95001);
    insert into Student values(5004,'李好尚','男','1987-9-25',95003);
    insert into Student values(5005,'李军','男','1987-7-17',95004);
    insert into Student values(5006,'范新位','女','1987-6-18',95005);
    insert into Student values(5007,'张霞东','女','1987-8-29',95006);
    insert into Student values(5008,'zhaowei','男','1987-6-15',95007);
    insert into Student values(5009,'钱民将','女','1987-6-23',95008);
    insert into Student values(5010,'孙俪','女','1987-9-24',95002);
    insert into Student values(108,'赵里','男','1987-6-15',95007);
    insert into Student values(109,'丘处机','男','1987-6-23',95008);
    insert into Student values(107,'杨康','男','1987-9-24',95001);
    
    insert into Teacher values(1,'李卫','男','1957-11-5','教授','电子工程系');
    insert into Teacher values(2,'刘备','男','1967-10-9','副教授','math');
    insert into Teacher values(3,'关羽','男','1977-9-20','讲师','sc');
    insert into Teacher values(4,'李修','男','1957-6-25','教授','elec');
    insert into Teacher values(5,'诸葛亮','男','1977-6-15','教授','计算机系');
    insert into Teacher values(6,'殷素素','女','1967-1-5','副教授','sc');
    insert into Teacher values(7,'周芷若','女','1947-2-23','教授','sc');
    insert into Teacher values(8,'赵云','男','1980-6-13','副教授','计算机系');
    insert into Teacher values(9,'张敏','女','1985-5-5','助教','sc');
    insert into Teacher values(10,'黄蓉','女','1967-3-22','副教授','sc');
    insert into Teacher values(11,'张三','男','1967-3-22','副教授','sc');
    
    insert into Course values('3-101','数据库',1);
    insert into Course values('5-102','数学',3);
    insert into Course values('3-103','信息系统',4);
    insert into Course values('3-104','操作系统',6);
    insert into Course values('3-105','数据结构',4);
    insert into Course values('3-106','数据处理',5);
    insert into Course values('4-107','pascal语言',5);
    insert into Course values('4-108','C++',7);
    insert into Course values('4-109','java',8);
    insert into Course values('3-245','数据挖掘',10);
    insert into Course values('3-111','软件工程',11);
    
    insert into Score values(5001,'3-105',69);
    insert into Score values(5001,'5-102',55);
    insert into Score values(5003,'4-108',85);
    insert into Score values(5004,'3-105',77);
    insert into Score values(5005,'3-245',100);
    insert into Score values(5006,'3-105',53);
    insert into Score values(5003,'4-109',45);
    insert into Score values(5008,'3-105',98);
    insert into Score values(5004,'4-109',68);
    insert into Score values(5010,'3-105',88);
    insert into Score values(5003,'3-105',98);
    insert into Score values(5005,'4-109',68);
    insert into Score values(5002,'3-105',88);
    insert into Score values(107,'3-105',98);
    insert into Score values(108,'4-109',68);
    insert into Score values(109,'3-105',88);
    insert into Score values(109,'4-109',80);
    insert into Score values(107,'3-111',88);
    insert into Score values(5003,'3-111',80);

# 单表查询 #

**3.以class降序输出student的所有记录（student表全部属性）**

select *from Student
    order by class DESC

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

**4.列出教师所在的单位depart（不重复）**

select distinct depart from Teacher

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173554911.png]

**5.列出student表中所有记录的name、sex和class列**

select name,sex,class from Student

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173607638.png]

**6.输出student中不姓王的同学的姓名**

select name
    from Student
    where name <> '王%'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173618372.png]

**7.输出成绩为85或86或88或在60-80之间的记录（no,cno,degree）**

select *from Score where degree=85 or degree=86 or degree between 60 and 80

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173627814.png]

**8.输出班级为95001或性别为‘女’ 的同学（student表全部属性）**

select *from Student where class=95001 or sex='女'

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]

**9.以cno升序、degree降序输出score的所有记录（score表全部属性）**

select *from Score order by cno , degree DESC

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173649255.png]

**10.输出男生人数及这些男生分布在多少个班级中**

select COUNT(class),COUNT(distinct class) from Student where sex='男'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173701331.png]

**11.列出存在有85分以上成绩的课程编号**

select distinct cno from Score where degree>85

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173712880.png]

**12.输出95001班级的学生人数**

select COUNT(class) from Student where class=95001

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173731328.png]

**13.输出‘3-105’号课程的平均分**

select AVG(degree) from Score where cno='3-105'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173740470.png]

**14.输出student中最大和最小的birthday日期值**

select MAX(birthday),MIN(birthday) from Student

![在这里插入图片描述][2021040317375285.png]

**15.显示95001和95004班全体学生的全部个人信息（不包括选课）。（student表全部属性）**

select *from Student where class=95001 or class=95004

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173802560.png]

# 聚合查询 #

**16.输出至少有5个同学选修的并以3开头的课程的课程号，课程平均分，课程最高分，课程最低分**  
**命令：**

select cno,avg(degree),MAX(degree),MIN(degree) from Score  
    where cno like'3-%%%'
    group by cno
    having COUNT(no)>=5

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173818322.png]

**17.输出所选修课程中最低分大于70分且最高分小于90分的学生学号及学生姓名**  
**命令：**

select Student.no,name
    from Student
    join Score on Student.no=Score.no
    group by Student.no,Student.name
    having min(Score.degree)>70 and max(Score.degree)<90

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403173828481.png]

**18.显示所教课程选修人数多于5人的教师姓名**  
**命令：**

select Teacher.name
    from Teacher,Course,Score
    where Teacher.no=Course.tno and Course.cno=Score.cno
    group by Teacher.name
    having count(Score.cno)>5

![在这里插入图片描述][20210425143225385.png]

**19.输出’95001’班级所选课程的课程号和平均分**  
**命令：**

select Score.cno,AVG(degree)
    from Score,Student
    where Student.no=Score.no and class='95001'
    group by Score.cno

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174454918.png]

**20.输出至少有两名男同学的班级编号**  
**命令：**

select class
    from Student
    where sex='男' 
    group by class
    having COUNT(class)>=2

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174515169.png]

# 多表查询 #

**21.列出与108号同学同年出生的所有学生的学号、姓名和生日**  
**命令：**

select no,name,birthday
    from Student
    where datename(YEAR,birthday)=(select datename(YEAR,birthday) from Student where no='108')

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

**22.列出存在有85分以上成绩的课程名称**  
**命令：**

select distinct cname
    from Course join Score on Course.cno=Score.cno
    where degree>85

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174542173.png]

**23.列出“计算机系”教师所教课程的成绩表（课程编号，课程名，学生名，成绩）**  
**命令：**

select  Course.cno,cname,Student.name,degree
    from Student,Score,Course,Teacher
    where Teacher.no=Course.tno and Score.cno=Course.cno and Student.no=Score.no 
    and depart='计算机系'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174554118.png]

**24.列出所有可能的“计算机系”与“电子工程系”不同职称的教师配对信息，要求输出每个老师的姓名（name）和（职称）  
命令：**

select x.name,x.prof,y.name,y.prof
    from (select name,prof,depart from teacher where depart='计算机系' or depart ='电子工程系') as x 
    join (select name,prof,depart from teacher where depart='计算机系' or depart='电子工程系') as y 
    on not x.prof=y.prof and not x.depart=y.depart

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174603213.png]

**25.列出所有处于不同班级中，但具有相同生日的学生，要求输出每个学生的学号和姓名。（提示：使用datediff函数，具体用法可以参考：  
命令：**

select table1.no,table1.name,table2.no,table2.name
    from (select no,name,class,birthday from Student)as table1 join (select no,name,class,birthday from Student) as table2
    on table1.birthday=table2.birthday and not table1.class=table2.class

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174611486.png]

**26.显示‘张三’教师任课的学生姓名，课程名，成绩**

select Student.name,cname,degree
    from Teacher,Student,Course,Score
    where Teacher.no=Course.tno and Score.cno=Course.cno and Student.no=Score.no 
    and Teacher.name='张三'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174625212.png]

**27.列出所讲课已被选修的教师的姓名和系别**

select distinct name,depart 
    from teacher,course,score 
    where teacher.no=course.tno and course.cno=score.cno

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174633240.png]

**28.输出所有学生的name、no和degree。（degree为空的不输出和为空的输出两种情况）**

select name,Student.no,degree
    from Student left join Score on Student.no=Score.no
    
    select name,Student.no,degree
    from Student inner join Score on Student.no=Score.no

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

**29.列出所有任课教师的name和depart。（从课程选修和任课两个角度考虑）**

select distinct name,depart
    from  Teacher,Score,Course
    where Teacher .no=Course.tno and Course.cno=Score.cno
    
    select distinct name,depart
    from Teacher inner join Course on Teacher.no=Course.tno

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

**30.输出男教师所上课程名称**

select cname
    from Teacher join Course on Teacher.no=Course.tno
    where sex='男'

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174706656.png]

**31.输出与“李军”同性别的所有同学的name**

select name
    from Student
    where sex=(select sex from Student where name='李军')

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174716468.png]

**32.输出选修“数据结构”课程的男同学的成绩**

select degree
    from Course,Student,Score
    where Course.cno=Score.cno and Student.no=Score.no  and sex='男' and cname='数据结构'

![在这里插入图片描述][202104031747257.png]

**33.列出选修编号为‘3-105’课程并且该门课程成绩比课程 ‘3-111’的最高分要高的cno,no和degree**

select Score.cno,Score.no,Score.degree
    from Course,Score,(select degree from Score where cno='3-111') as a
    where Course.cno=Score.cno and  Score.cno='3-105' 
    group by Score.cno,Score.no,Score.degree
    having Score.degree>MAX(a.degree)

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174732510.png]

# 子查询 #

**34.输出score中成绩最高的学号和课程号**

select no,cno
    from Score
    where degree=(select max(degree) from Score)

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174742993.png]

**35.输出选修3-105课程，其成绩高于109号同学在此课程所得成绩的所有同学的学号，姓名**

select Student.no,Student.name
    from Student join Score on Student.no=Score.no
    where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from Score where Score.no='109')

')  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174751366.png]

**36.列出成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的学号，成绩和该门课的平均成绩**

select no,degree,a.avg_degree 
    from score,(select cno,avg(degree)as avg_degree from score group by cno)as a(cno,avg_degree)
    where score.cno=a.cno and score.degree<a.avg_degree

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174801227.png]

**37.列出没有实际授课的教师的姓名和系别**

select name,depart 
    from teacher 
    where name not in(select name from teacher join course on teacher.no=course.tno 
    join score on score.cno=course.cno)

![在这里插入图片描述][2021040317481084.png]

**38.列出选修了编号为‘3-105’课程且其成绩高于‘4-109’课程最高成绩的同学的 课程编号，学号和成绩**

select cno,no,degree 
    from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from score where cno='4-109')

![在这里插入图片描述][20210403174817533.png]

**39.列出符合下述条件的所有可能的同学配对（sno1,sname1,sno2,sname2,difference）。其中要求学号为sno1的sname1同学的所学课程的平均分大于学号为sno2的sname2同学的所学课程平均分，两个同学的课程平均分的差值difference为（sno1同学平均分-sno2同学平均分）**

select a.no, a.name, b.no, b.name, c.avgdegree - d.avgdegree difference 
    from Student as a, Student as b, (select no, avg(degree) as avgdegree from Score group by no) as c,
    (select no, avg(degree) avgdegree from Score group by no) as d 
    where a.no = c.no and b.no = d.no and c.avgdegree > d.avgdegree

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]

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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L015X2RhaWx5X2xpZmU_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221022/f791aac01e9c4842a1107b911a42e980.png
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[20210403173649255.png]: /images/20221022/c0712941f34c4ab681d49b77d529b5cb.png
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