MyBatis初级实战之五:一对一关联查询

男娘i 2022-12-13 14:02 217阅读 0赞

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这里分类和汇总了欣宸的全部原创(含配套源码):https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos

本篇概览

  • 本文是《MyBatis初级实战》系列的第五篇,从多表获取数据是个常见的场景,一般有以下两种方式:
  • 联表查询:join操作,一次查询完成
  • 多次查询:用第一次查询的结果作为条件,再做查询(MyBatis中叫做嵌套查询)
  • 本篇的内容就是学习MyBatis对上述两种查询的支持,全文由以下章节组成:
  1. 准备数据;
  2. 本次实战的java工程
  3. 最简单的联表(两个表的数据保存在一个实体类的不同字段);
  4. 一对一联表查询(两个表的数据分别保存在不同实体类,假设是A和B,A是B的成员变量)
  5. 一对一嵌套查询(两个表的数据分别保存在不同实体类,假设是A和B,A是B的成员变量)

源码下载

  1. 如果您不想编码,可以在GitHub下载所有源码,地址和链接信息如下表所示(https://github.com/zq2599/blog\_demos):

























名称 链接 备注
项目主页 https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos 该项目在GitHub上的主页
git仓库地址(https) https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos.git 该项目源码的仓库地址,https协议
git仓库地址(ssh) git@github.com:zq2599/blog_demos.git 该项目源码的仓库地址,ssh协议
  1. 这个git项目中有多个文件夹,本章的应用在mybatis文件夹下,如下图红框所示:
    在这里插入图片描述
  2. mybatis是个父工程,里面有数个子工程,本篇的源码在relatedoperation子工程中,如下图红框所示:
    在这里插入图片描述

准备数据

  1. 本次实战,在名为mybatis的数据库中建立两个表(和前面几篇文章中的表结构一模一样):user和log表;
  2. user表记录用户信息,非常简单,只有三个字段:主键、名称、年龄
  3. log表记录用户行为,四个字段:主键、用户id、行为描述、行为时间
  4. user和log的关系如下图:
    在这里插入图片描述
  5. 建表和添加数据的语句如下:

    use mybatis;

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS user;

    CREATE TABLE user (
    id int(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name varchar(32) NOT NULL,
    age int(32) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS log;

    CREATE TABLE log (
    id int(32) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    user_id int(32),
    action varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    create_time datetime not null,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

    INSERT INTO mybatis.user (id, name, age) VALUES (3, ‘tom’, 11);

    INSERT INTO mybatis.log (id, user_id, action, create_time) VALUES (3, 3, ‘read book’, ‘2020-08-07 08:18:16’);
    INSERT INTO mybatis.log (id, user_id, action, create_time) VALUES (4, 3, ‘go to the cinema’, ‘2020-09-02 20:00:00’);
    INSERT INTO mybatis.log (id, user_id, action, create_time) VALUES (5, 3, ‘have a meal’, ‘2020-10-05 12:03:36’);
    INSERT INTO mybatis.log (id, user_id, action, create_time) VALUES (6, 3, ‘have a sleep’, ‘2020-10-06 13:00:12’);
    INSERT INTO mybatis.log (id, user_id, action, create_time) VALUES (7, 3, ‘write’, ‘2020-10-08 09:21:11’);

本次实战的java工程

  1. 在父工程mybatis下新建子工程relatedoperation,pom.xml如下:

    <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>


    4.0.0

    com.bolingcavalry
    mybatis
    1.0-SNAPSHOT
    ../pom.xml


    com.bolingcavalry
    relatedoperation
    0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
    relatedoperation
    Demo project for Mybatis related operation in Spring Boot

    1.8



    org.projectlombok
    lombok


    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-web


    org.mybatis.spring.boot
    mybatis-spring-boot-starter


    mysql
    mysql-connector-java
    runtime


    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-test
    test


    io.springfox
    springfox-swagger2



    io.springfox
    springfox-swagger-ui


    com.alibaba
    druid-spring-boot-starter


    junit
    junit
    test






    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-maven-plugin



  2. 基本配置文件application.yml:

    server:
    port: 8080

    spring:

    1.JDBC数据源

    datasource:

    1. username: root
    2. password: 123456
    3. url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.50.43:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true&serverTimezone=UTC
    4. driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    5. #2.连接池配置
    6. druid:
    7. #初始化连接池的连接数量 大小,最小,最大
    8. initial-size: 5
    9. min-idle: 5
    10. max-active: 20
    11. #配置获取连接等待超时的时间
    12. max-wait: 60000
    13. #配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒
    14. time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
    15. # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒
    16. min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 30000
    17. # 配置一个连接在池中最大生存的时间,单位是毫秒
    18. max-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
    19. validation-query: SELECT 1 FROM user
    20. test-while-idle: true
    21. test-on-borrow: true
    22. test-on-return: false
    23. # 是否缓存preparedStatement,也就是PSCache 官方建议MySQL下建议关闭 个人建议如果想用SQL防火墙 建议打开
    24. pool-prepared-statements: true
    25. max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size: 20
    26. # 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计,'wall'用于防火墙
    27. filters: stat,wall,slf4j
    28. filter:
    29. stat:
    30. merge-sql: true
    31. slow-sql-millis: 5000
    32. #3.基础监控配置
    33. web-stat-filter:
    34. enabled: true
    35. url-pattern: /*
    36. #设置不统计哪些URL
    37. exclusions: "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*"
    38. session-stat-enable: true
    39. session-stat-max-count: 100
    40. stat-view-servlet:
    41. enabled: true
    42. url-pattern: /druid/*
    43. reset-enable: true
    44. #设置监控页面的登录名和密码
    45. login-username: admin
    46. login-password: admin
    47. allow: 127.0.0.1
    48. #deny: 192.168.1.100

    mybatis配置

    mybatis:

    配置文件所在位置

    config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml

    映射文件所在位置

    mapper-locations: classpath:mappers/*Mapper.xml

    日志配置

    logging:
    level:

    1. root: INFO
    2. com:
    3. bolingcavalry:
    4. relatedoperation:
    5. mapper: debug
  3. 再准备名为application-test.yml的配置文件,这是执行单元测试时用到的,和application.yml的不同之处是spring.datasource.druid.web-stat-filter.enabled配置设置成false;

  4. mybatis的配置文件mybatis-config.xml如下:

    <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC “-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN” “http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">






  5. 数据源配置类DruidConfig.java:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation;

    import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

    @Configuration
    public class DruidConfig {

    1. private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidConfig.class);
    2. @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
    3. private String dbUrl;
    4. @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
    5. private String username;
    6. @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
    7. private String password;
    8. @Value("${spring.datasource.driver-class-name}")
    9. private String driverClassName;
    10. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.initial-size}")
    11. private int initialSize;
    12. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.max-active}")
    13. private int maxActive;
    14. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.min-idle}")
    15. private int minIdle;
    16. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.max-wait}")
    17. private int maxWait;
    18. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.pool-prepared-statements}")
    19. private boolean poolPreparedStatements;
    20. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.max-pool-prepared-statement-per-connection-size}")
    21. private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize;
    22. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.time-between-eviction-runs-millis}")
    23. private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;
    24. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.min-evictable-idle-time-millis}")
    25. private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis;
    26. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.max-evictable-idle-time-millis}")
    27. private int maxEvictableIdleTimeMillis;
    28. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.validation-query}")
    29. private String validationQuery;
    30. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle}")
    31. private boolean testWhileIdle;
    32. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow}")
    33. private boolean testOnBorrow;
    34. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return}")
    35. private boolean testOnReturn;
    36. @Value("${spring.datasource.druid.filters}")
    37. private String filters;
    38. @Value("{spring.datasource.druid.connection-properties}")
    39. private String connectionProperties;
    40. /** * Druid 连接池配置 */
    41. @Bean
    42. public DruidDataSource dataSource() {
    43. DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();
    44. datasource.setUrl(dbUrl);
    45. datasource.setUsername(username);
    46. datasource.setPassword(password);
    47. datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
    48. datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize);
    49. datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle);
    50. datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive);
    51. datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait);
    52. datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis);
    53. datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
    54. datasource.setMaxEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
    55. datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery);
    56. datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle);
    57. datasource.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow);
    58. datasource.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn);
    59. datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements);
    60. datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize);
    61. try {
    62. datasource.setFilters(filters);
    63. } catch (Exception e) {
    64. logger.error("druid configuration initialization filter", e);
    65. }
    66. datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties);
    67. return datasource;
    68. }

    }

  6. swagger配置类:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation;

    import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
    import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
    import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
    import springfox.documentation.service.Tag;
    import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
    import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
    import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

    @Configuration
    @EnableSwagger2
    public class SwaggerConfig {

    1. @Bean
    2. public Docket createRestApi() {
    3. return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
    4. .apiInfo(apiInfo())
    5. .tags(new Tag("UserController", "用户服务"), new Tag("LogController", "日志服务"))
    6. .select()
    7. // 当前包路径
    8. .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.controller"))
    9. .paths(PathSelectors.any())
    10. .build();
    11. }
    12. //构建 api文档的详细信息函数,注意这里的注解引用的是哪个
    13. private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
    14. return new ApiInfoBuilder()
    15. //页面标题
    16. .title("MyBatis CURD操作")
    17. //创建人
    18. .contact(new Contact("程序员欣宸", "https://github.com/zq2599/blog_demos", "zq2599@gmail.com"))
    19. //版本号
    20. .version("1.0")
    21. //描述
    22. .description("API 描述")
    23. .build();
    24. }

    }

  7. springboot引导类:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation;

    import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

    @SpringBootApplication
    @MapperScan(“com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.mapper”)
    public class RelatedOperationApplication {

    1. public static void main(String[] args) {
    2. SpringApplication.run(RelatedOperationApplication.class, args);
    3. }

    }

  8. 用户表的实体类:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity;

    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @ApiModel(description = “用户实体类”)
    public class User {

    1. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户ID")
    2. private Integer id;
    3. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名", required = true)
    4. private String name;
    5. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户地址", required = false)
    6. private Integer age;

    }

  9. 日志表的实体类:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity;

    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
    import java.sql.Date;

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @ApiModel(description = “日志实体类”)
    public class Log {

    1. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志ID")
    2. private Integer id;
    3. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户ID")
    4. private Integer userId;
    5. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志内容")
    6. private String action;
    7. @ApiModelProperty(value = "创建时间")
    8. private Date createTime;

    }

    • 以上就是本篇的准备代码,接下来在此基础上实现各种多表关联查询

最简单的联表

  • 先实战的是最普通的联表,如下图所示,查询结果是名为LogExtend的实体类,这个类有5个字段,其中四个来自日志表log,一个来自用户表user:
    在这里插入图片描述
  • 下图是开发步骤:
    在这里插入图片描述
  1. 实体类LogExtend的源码如下,可见和Log相比多了个userName字段:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity;

    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
    import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @ApiModel(description = “日志实体类(含用户表的字段)”)
    public class LogExtend extends Log {

    1. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户名")
    2. private String userName;

    }

  2. 新建log表对应的映射文件LogMapper.xml,如下所示,里面是通过left join语法执行的简单的联表查询,以及查询结果对应的resultMap定义:

    <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC “-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN” “http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">













  3. mapper接口代码:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.mapper;

    import com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity.LogAssociateUser;
    import com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity.LogExtend;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

    @Repository
    public interface LogMapper {

    1. LogExtend oneObjectSel(int id);

    }

  4. service层的代码在LogService.java文件中:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.service;

    import com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity.LogAssociateUser;
    import com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.entity.LogExtend;
    import com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.mapper.LogMapper;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

    @Service
    public class LogService {

    1. @Autowired
    2. LogMapper logMapper;
    3. public LogExtend oneObjectSel(int id){
    4. return logMapper.oneObjectSel(id);
    5. }

    }

  5. controller层的代码在LogController.java文件中:

    @RestController
    @RequestMapping(“/log”)
    @Api(tags = { “LogController”})
    public class LogController {

    1. @Autowired
    2. private LogService logService;
    3. @ApiOperation(value = "根据ID查找日志记录,带userName字段,该字段通过联表查询实现", notes="根据ID查找日志记录,带userName字段,该字段通过联表查询实现")
    4. @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "日志ID", paramType = "path", required = true, dataType = "Integer")
    5. @RequestMapping(value = "/aggregate/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    6. public LogExtend oneObjectSel(@PathVariable int id){
    7. return logService.oneObjectSel(id);
    8. }
  6. 编写单元测试的代码ControllerTest.java,由于今天的测试涉及到user和log两个表,因此在测试类ControllerTest的内部准备了两个内部类,分别用于测试user和log表:

    package com.bolingcavalry.relatedoperation.controller;

    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

    import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
    import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
    import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

    @SpringBootTest
    @DisplayName(“Web接口的单元测试”)
    @AutoConfigureMockMvc
    @ActiveProfiles(“test”)
    @Slf4j
    public class ControllerTest {

    1. /** * 查询方式:联表 */
    2. final static String SEARCH_TYPE_LEFT_JOIN = "leftjoin";
    3. /** * 查询方式:嵌套 */
    4. final static String SEARCH_TYPE_NESTED = "nested";
    5. final static int TEST_USER_ID = 3;
    6. final static String TEST_USER_NAME = "tom";
    7. @Autowired MockMvc mvc;
    8. @Nested
    9. @TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.OrderAnnotation.class)
    10. @DisplayName("用户服务")
    11. class User {
    12. }
    13. @Nested
    14. @TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.OrderAnnotation.class)
    15. @DisplayName("日志服务")
    16. class Log {
    17. final static int TEST_LOG_ID = 5;
    18. @Test
    19. @DisplayName("通过日志ID获取日志信息,带userName字段,该字段通过联表查询实现")
    20. @Order(1)
    21. void oneObjectSel() throws Exception {
    22. mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/log/aggregate/" + TEST_LOG_ID)
    23. .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
    24. .andExpect(status().isOk())
    25. .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id").value(TEST_LOG_ID))
    26. .andExpect(jsonPath("$.userName").value(TEST_USER_NAME))
    27. .andDo(print());
    28. }
    29. }

    }

  7. 执行上述单元测试方法,结果如下图,红框中就是controller层返回的数据,可见已通过Mybatis成功取得LogExtend实例:
    在这里插入图片描述

    • 下一站是一对一联表查询;

关于一对一关联的两种方式

  • 前面的查询有个特点:尽管查询了两个表,但结果都在同一实体类的不同字段,而更符合业务逻辑的关系应该是log类中有个user类的成员变量,即如下形式:

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @ApiModel(description = “日志实体类”)
    public class LogAssociateUser {

    1. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志ID")
    2. private Integer id;
    3. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户对象")
    4. private User user;
    5. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志内容")
    6. private String action;
    7. @ApiModelProperty(value = "创建时间")
    8. private Date createTime;

    }

  • 接下来的实战就是如何用MyBatis查询得到上述LogAssociateUser 类型的结果;

  • 一对一关联的实现有联表和嵌套查询两种,它们的差异在Mybatis中体现在association的子节点上:
  1. 联表时,association内使用result子节点,将联表查询的结果映射到关联对象;
  2. 嵌套时,association内使用select子节点,触发一次新的查询;

一对一(联表)

所谓一对一,就是一个对象关联了另一个对象,例如一条log记录中,带有对应的user信息;

  1. 下面是新的实体类LogAssociateUser,该类对应的是log表记录,有个user字段,类型是User对象:

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @ApiModel(description = “日志实体类”)
    public class LogAssociateUser {

    1. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志ID")
    2. private Integer id;
    3. @ApiModelProperty(value = "用户对象")
    4. private User user;
    5. @ApiModelProperty(value = "日志内容")
    6. private String action;
    7. @ApiModelProperty(value = "创建时间")
    8. private Date createTime;

    }

  2. 映射文件LogMapper.xml中,sql和resultMap如下,可见查询的时候将user表的字段都查出来了,然后在resultMap中用association节点去处理sql中查出的user表的数据,通过javaType属性转为User类的实例:

    1. <select id="leftJoinSel" parameterType="int" resultMap="leftJoinResultMap">
    2. select l.id as log_id,
    3. l.action as log_action,
    4. l.create_time as log_create_time,
    5. u.id as user_id,
    6. u.name as user_name,
    7. u.age as user_age
    8. from log as l
    9. left join user as u
    10. on l.user_id = u.id
    11. where l.id = #{id}
    12. </select>
    13. <resultMap id="leftJoinResultMap" type="LogAssociateUser">
    14. <id property="id" column="log_id"/>
    15. <result property="action" column="log_action" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    16. <result property="createTime" column="log_create_time" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP" />
    17. <association property="user" javaType="User">
    18. <id property="id" column="user_id"/>
    19. <result property="name" column="user_name"/>
    20. <result property="age" column="user_age"/>
    21. </association>
    22. </resultMap>
  3. 以上就是一对一(联表)的关键点,接下来按部就班的在LogMapper、LogService、LogController中添加方法即可,下面是LogController中对应的web接口,稍后会在单元测试中调用这个接口进行验证:

    @ApiOperation(value = “根据ID查找日志记录,带用户对象,联表查询实现”, notes=”根据ID查找日志记录,带用户对象,联表查询实现”)

    1. @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "日志ID", paramType = "path", required = true, dataType = "Integer")
    2. @RequestMapping(value = "/leftjoin/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    3. public LogAssociateUser leftJoinSel(@PathVariable int id){
    4. return logService.leftJoinSel(id);
    5. }
  4. 最后是单元测试的代码(ControllerTest.java文件),用来测试上述代码是否有效,注意下面的queryAndCheck私有方法,该方法中发起请求并验证结果:

    /* 通过日志ID获取日志信息有两种方式:联表和嵌套查询, 从客户端来看,仅一部分path不同,因此将请求和检查封装到一个通用方法中, 调用方法只需要指定不同的那一段path @param subPath @throws Exception */

    1. private void queryAndCheck(String subPath) throws Exception {
    2. String queryPath = "/log/" + subPath + "/" + TEST_LOG_ID;
    3. log.info("query path [{}]", queryPath);
    4. mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(queryPath)
    5. .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
    6. .andExpect(status().isOk())
    7. .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id").value(TEST_LOG_ID))
    8. .andExpect(jsonPath("$.user.id").value(TEST_USER_ID))
    9. .andDo(print());
    10. }
    11. @Test
    12. @DisplayName("通过日志ID获取日志信息(关联了用户),联表查询")
    13. @Order(2)
    14. void leftJoinSel() throws Exception {
    15. queryAndCheck(SEARCH_TYPE_LEFT_JOIN);
    16. }
  5. 执行单元测试结果如下,可见:内部嵌套了一个json对象,就是user表的数据:
    在这里插入图片描述

一对一(嵌套)

  1. 接下来试试嵌套的方式;
  2. LogMapper.xml中对应的sql:

    1. <select id="nestedSel" parameterType="int" resultMap="nestedResultMap">
    2. select
    3. l.id as log_id,
    4. l.user_id as log_user_id,
    5. l.action as log_action,
    6. l.create_time as log_create_time
    7. from mybatis.log as l
    8. where l.id = #{id}
    9. </select>
  3. 上述sql对应的resultMap如下,可见association节点中有个select属性,这就是MyBatis支持嵌套查询的关键,该属性的值是个select节点:

    1. <resultMap id="nestedResultMap" type="LogAssociateUser">
    2. <!-- column属性中的log_id,来自前面查询时的"l.id as log_id" -->
    3. <id property="id" column="log_id"/>
    4. <!-- column属性中的log_action,来自前面查询时的"l.action as log_action" -->
    5. <result property="action" column="log_action" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    6. <!-- column属性中的log_create_time,来自前面查询时的"l.create_time as log_create_time" -->
    7. <result property="createTime" column="log_create_time" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP" />
    8. <!-- select属性,表示这里要执行嵌套查询,将log_user_id传给嵌套的查询 -->
    9. <association property="user" column="log_user_id" select="selectUserByUserId"></association>
    10. </resultMap>
  4. 上述节点中select属性的值,对应一个select节点,如下:

  5. 以上就是一对一(嵌套)的关键点,接下来按部就班的在LogMapper、LogService、LogController中添加方法即可,下面是LogController中对应的web接口,稍后会在单元测试中调用这个接口进行验证:

    @ApiOperation(value = “根据ID查找日志记录,带用户对象,嵌套查询实现”, notes=”根据ID查找日志记录,带用户对象,嵌套查询实现”)

    1. @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "日志ID", paramType = "path", required = true, dataType = "Integer")
    2. @RequestMapping(value = "/nested/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    3. public LogAssociateUser nestedSel(@PathVariable int id){
    4. return logService.nestedSel(id);
    5. }
  6. 最后是单元测试的代码(ControllerTest.java文件),用来测试上述代码是否有效,如下可见,直接调用了前面的queryAndCheck来验证:

    @Test

    1. @DisplayName("通过日志ID获取日志信息(关联了用户),嵌套查询")
    2. @Order(3)
    3. void nestedSel() throws Exception {
    4. queryAndCheck(SEARCH_TYPE_NESTED);
    5. }
  7. 执行上述单元测试代码,结果如下,可见嵌套查询的方式也能将user表的数据成功获取,放入log实例的成员变量中:
    在这里插入图片描述

  8. 最后是对比联表和嵌套查询的差异,先看联表查询的MyBatis日志,如下图红框所示,只有一次sql查询:
    在这里插入图片描述
  9. 再看嵌套查询的日志,如下图,红框是第一次查询,结果中的userid作为绿框中的第二次查询的条件:
    在这里插入图片描述

    • 至此,一对一的多表查询实战就完成了,本篇的逻辑是一条log记录关联一条user记录,下一篇文章,咱们学习一对多关联,即一个user有多条log记录;

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