c语言实现串,C语言实现串的堆分配存储

超、凢脫俗 2022-10-15 01:52 182阅读 0赞

/\*

\* heap\_string.h

\* 串的堆分配存储实现,用这种实现方法的好处是,能够动态的给

\* 串分配内存空间,而顺序串不能

\* Created on: 2011-9-7

\* Author: root

\*/

\#define ElemType char;

\#define TRUE 1

\#define FALSE 0

typedef struct \{

char \*ch;

int length;

\}hstring;

//初始化串

void inithstring(hstring \*s) \{

s->length = 0;

s->ch = NULL;

//用字符串常量创建串

int createhstring(hstring \*s,char chars\[\]) \{

if(s->ch) free(s->ch);

int i=0;

while(chars\[i\]) \{

i ++;

if(i == 0) return FALSE;

s->length = i;

s->ch = (char \*)malloc(sizeof(char) \* s->length);

if(s->ch == NULL) return FALSE;

for(i = 0;i < s->length;i ++) \{

s->ch\[i\] = chars\[i\];

s->ch\[i ++\] = '\\0';

return TRUE;

//比较两个串是否相等若s1>s2返回值>0若s1

int hstringcompare(hstring s1,hstring s2) \{

int i = 0;

while(s1.ch\[i\] && s2.ch\[i\]) \{

if(s1.ch\[i\] - s2.ch\[i\] > 0) return s1.ch\[i\] - s2.ch\[i\];

i ++;

return s1.length - s2.length;

//取得串长度,串中字符的个数称为串的长度

int hstringlength(hstring s) \{

return s.length;

//清空字符串并释放串的所有空间

void hstringclear(hstring \*s) \{

if(s->ch) \{

free(s->ch);

s->length = 0;

s->ch = NULL;

//将s1和s2链接为一个串

int hstringconnection(hstring \*s,hstring s1,hstring s2) \{

if(s->ch) free(s->ch);

s->length = s1.length + s2.length;

s->ch = (char \*)malloc(sizeof(char) \* (s->length + 1));

if(s->ch == NULL) return FALSE;

int i = 0;

for(i = 0;i < s1.length;i ++) \{

s->ch\[i\] = s1.ch\[i\];

for(;i < s->length;i ++) \{

s->ch\[i\] = s2.ch\[i - s1.length\];

s->ch\[i\] = '\\n';

return TRUE;

//从串中截取一段串截取规则是从first开始,从end前一个结束

int hstringsub(hstring \*s,hstring hs,int first,int end) \{

if(s->ch != NULL) free(s->ch);

if(first < 1 || end > hs.length + 1 || hs.length == 0) return FALSE;

s->ch = (char \*)malloc(sizeof(char) \* (end - first + 1));

if(s->ch == NULL) return FALSE;

s->length = end - first;

int i = 0;

for(i = 0;i < s->length;i ++) \{

s->ch\[i\] = hs.ch\[first + i - 1\];

s->ch\[s->length\] = '\\n';

return TRUE;

/\*

\* 串匹配得到子串t在串s中pos个字符后的开始位置

\* 0< pos <= s->length

\* 若pos后存在字串返回其位置 否则返回0

\*/

int hstringindex(hstring s,hstring t,int pos) \{

if(pos < 0 || pos >= s.length) return 0;

int i = pos,j = 0;

while(i < s.length && j < t.length) \{

if(s.ch\[i\] == t.ch\[j\]) \{

i ++;

j ++;

\} else \{

i = i - j + 1;

j = 0;

if(j == t.length) return i - j + 1;

return 0;

//输出串

void printfhstring(hstring \*s) \{

if(s->length == 0) \{

printf("空串\\n");

return;

puts(s->ch);

printf("length = %d\\n",s->length);

/\*

\* hstring.c

\* 测试heap\_string.h

\* Created on: 2011-9-7

\* Author: root

\*/

\#include

\#include "heap\_string.h"

int main(void) \{

hstring hs;

//测试创建字符串

inithstring(&hs);

createhstring(&hs,"liu sheng");

printfhstring(&hs);

//测试比较字符串大小

hstring hs2;

inithstring(&hs2);

createhstring(&hs2,"liu\_sheng");

printfhstring(&hs2);

int compare = hstringcompare(hs,hs2);

printf("compare = %d\\n",compare);

//测试合并字符串

hstring t;

inithstring(&t);

hstringconnection(&t,hs,hs2);

printfhstring(&t);

//测试截取字符串

printfhstring(&hs);

hstringsub(&t,hs,5,9);

printfhstring(&t);

//测试求字串的位置

int index = hstringindex(hs,t,4);

printf("%d\\n",index);

return 0;

//控制台结果

liu sheng

length = 9

liu\_sheng

length = 9

compare = 0

liu shengliu\_sheng

length = 18

liu sheng

length = 9

shen

length = 4

c语言实现串,C语言实现串的堆分配存储

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