Qt学习笔记12：外观设计（QPalette）

亦凉 2022-10-09 03:24 128阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  零. 参考文献
 *  一. QPalette简介
 *  二. QPalette常用函数
 *  三. ColorGroup & ColorRole
 *  四. 实例代码

--------------------

# 零. 参考文献 #

1.  [QPalette类详细使用方法][QPalette]
2.  [Qt学习笔记之QPalette调色板类][Qt_QPalette]
3.  [QPalette实例教程][QPalette 1]

# 一. QPalette简介 #

QPalette( \[ˈpælət\] 调色板)类相当于对话框或控件的调色板，它管理着控件或窗体的所有颜色信息，每个窗体或控件都包含一个QPalette对象，在显示时按照它的QPalette对象中对各部分各状态下的颜色的描述来进行绘制。

# 二. QPalette常用函数 #

void    setBrush(ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush)
    void    setBrush(ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush)
    void    setColor(ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QColor & color)
    void    setColor(ColorRole role, const QColor & color)

# 三. ColorGroup & ColorRole #

QPalette有两个基本的概念：一个是ColorGroup；一个是ColorRole。

*  **ColorGroup（设置widget不同状态的色彩）**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>名称</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Active Group</td> 
   <td>该组的颜色用于当前活动的(active)窗口,即具有键盘或鼠标焦点的窗口</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Inactive Group</td> 
   <td>该组的颜色用于非活动的(其他)窗口</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Disable Group</td> 
   <td>该组的颜色用于窗口为不可用的(disabled)子窗口部件(不包含窗口)</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  **ColorRole（设置不同部位的颜色）**

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>名称</th> 
   <th>说明</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette::Window</td> 
   <td>窗口部件背景色(QPalette.Background已废弃)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.WindowText</td> 
   <td>窗口部件前景色(文本颜色)(QPalette.Foreground已废弃)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.Base</td> 
   <td>文本输入部件(QLineEdit等)背景色</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.Text</td> 
   <td>文本输入部件(QLineEdit等)前景色(文本颜色)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.Button</td> 
   <td>按钮部件背景色(注： QPushButton的背景颜色涉及样式表, 所以不能通过QPalette修改)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.ButtonText</td> 
   <td>按钮部件前景色(文件颜色)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.Highlight</td> 
   <td>文字被选中后的背景色</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.HighlightedText</td> 
   <td>文字被选中后的前景色(文本颜色)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.ToolTipBase</td> 
   <td>QToolTip背景色</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>QPalette.ToolTipText</td> 
   <td>QToolTip前景色</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>Qpalette.AlternateBase</td> 
   <td>在交替行颜色的视图中作为交替背景色</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

# 四. 实例代码 #

//.h
    #ifndef PALETTE_H
    #define PALETTE_H
    
    #include <QDialog>
    #include<QComboBox>
    #include<QFrame>
    
    namespace Ui {
        
    class Palette;
    }
    
    class Palette : public QDialog
    {
        
        Q_OBJECT
    
    public:
        explicit Palette(QWidget *parent = 0);
        ~Palette();
    
        void createSelectFrame();
        void createContentFrame();
        void fillColorList(QComboBox *);
    
    private:
        Ui::Palette *ui;
    
    public slots:
        void sl_window();
        void sl_windowText();
        void sl_button();
        void sl_buttonText();
        void sl_base();
    private:
    
        QFrame *selectFrame;    //颜色选择面板
        QFrame *contentFrame;   //具体显示面板
        QComboBox *cbbWindow;
        QComboBox *cbbWindowText;
        QComboBox *cbbButton;
        QComboBox *cbbButtonText;
        QComboBox * cbbBase;
    };
    
    #endif // PALETTE_H

//.c
    #include "palette.h"
    #include "ui_palette.h"
    
    
    #include <QPalette>
    #include <QHBoxLayout>
    #include <QVBoxLayout>
    #include <QGridLayout>
    #include <QStringList>
    #include <QColor>
    #include <QPixmap>
    #include <QSpinBox>
    #include <QTextEdit>
    #include <QLineEdit>
    #include <QPushButton>
    #include <QLabel>
    
    Palette::Palette(QWidget *parent) :
        QDialog(parent),
        ui(new Ui::Palette)
    {
        
        ui->setupUi(this);
    
        createSelectFrame();
        createContentFrame();
        QHBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QHBoxLayout(this);
        mainLayout->addWidget(selectFrame);
        mainLayout->addWidget(contentFrame);
        mainLayout->setMargin(10);
        mainLayout->setSpacing(5);
        //固定窗口的大小，且根据内部控件所占用的位置自动调节大小
        mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);
    }
    
    Palette::~Palette()
    {
        
        delete ui;
    }
    
    void Palette::createSelectFrame()
    {
        
        selectFrame = new QFrame;
    
        QLabel *labWindow = new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Window:"));
        QLabel *labWindowText = new QLabel(tr("QPalette::WindowText:"));
        QLabel *labButton = new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Button:"));
        QLabel *labButtonText = new QLabel(tr("QPalette::ButtonText:"));
        QLabel *labBase = new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Base:"));
    
        //组合框
        cbbWindow = new QComboBox;
        fillColorList(cbbWindow);
        connect(cbbWindow, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(sl_window()));
        cbbWindowText = new QComboBox;
        fillColorList(cbbWindowText);
        connect(cbbWindowText, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(sl_windowText()));
        cbbButton = new QComboBox;
        fillColorList(cbbButton);
        connect(cbbButton, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(sl_button()));
        cbbButtonText = new QComboBox;
        fillColorList(cbbButtonText);
        connect(cbbButtonText, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(sl_buttonText()));
        cbbBase = new QComboBox;
        fillColorList(cbbBase);
        connect(cbbBase, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(sl_base()));
    
        QGridLayout *ctrlLayout = new QGridLayout(selectFrame);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(labWindow, 0, 0);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(labWindowText, 1, 0);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(labButton, 2, 0);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(labButtonText, 3, 0);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(labBase, 4, 0);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(cbbWindow, 0, 1);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(cbbWindowText, 1, 1);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(cbbButton, 2, 1);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(cbbButtonText, 3, 1);
        ctrlLayout->addWidget(cbbBase, 4, 1);
    
        ctrlLayout->setMargin(5);  //设置边距
        ctrlLayout->setSpacing(5); //间距
    
    }
    void Palette::fillColorList(QComboBox *cbb)
    {
        
        QStringList colorNameList = QColor::colorNames();
    
        QString colorName;
        foreach(colorName, colorNameList)
        {
        
            QPixmap pix_color(70, 20);
            pix_color.fill(QColor(colorName));
    
            cbb->addItem(QIcon(pix_color), NULL);
            cbb->setIconSize(QSize(70, 20));
            cbb->setSizeAdjustPolicy(QComboBox::AdjustToContents);   //设置下拉列表的尺寸符合内容的大小
        }
    }
    void Palette::createContentFrame()
    {
        
        contentFrame = new QFrame;
        QLabel *labValue = new QLabel("Please select one of the values");
        QSpinBox *spbValue = new QSpinBox;
    
        QHBoxLayout *valueLayout =new QHBoxLayout;
        valueLayout->addWidget(labValue);
        valueLayout->addWidget(spbValue);
        valueLayout->setSpacing(5);
    
        QLabel *labString = new QLabel("please input a string");
        QLineEdit *edtString = new QLineEdit;
        QHBoxLayout *stringWidget = new QHBoxLayout;
        stringWidget->addWidget(labString);
        stringWidget->addWidget(edtString);
        stringWidget->setSpacing(5);
    
        QTextEdit *edtHello = new QTextEdit("hello Qt");
    
        QPushButton *btnOk = new QPushButton("OK");
        QPushButton *btnCancel = new QPushButton("Cancel");
    
        QHBoxLayout *buttonLayout = new QHBoxLayout;
        buttonLayout->addStretch(1);  //添加一个填充
        buttonLayout->addWidget(btnOk);
        buttonLayout->addWidget(btnCancel);
        buttonLayout->setSpacing(5);
    
        QVBoxLayout *contentLayout = new QVBoxLayout(contentFrame);
        contentLayout->addLayout(valueLayout);
        contentLayout->addLayout(stringWidget);
        contentLayout->addWidget(edtHello);
        contentLayout->addLayout(buttonLayout);
    
        btnOk->setAutoFillBackground(true);
        btnCancel->setAutoFillBackground(true);
        contentFrame->setAutoFillBackground(true);
    }
    
    void Palette::sl_window()
    {
        
        QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
        QColor color = QColor(colorList[cbbWindow->currentIndex()]);
        //获取当前调色板
        QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
        p.setColor(QPalette::Window,color);
        contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    }
    void Palette::sl_windowText()
    {
        
        QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
        QColor color = QColor(colorList[cbbWindowText->currentIndex()]);
        //获取当前调色板
        QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
        p.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, color);
        contentFrame->setPalette(p);
        selectFrame->setPalette(p);
    
    }
    void Palette::sl_button()
    {
        
        QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
        QColor color = QColor(colorList[cbbButton->currentIndex()]);
        //获取当前调色板
        QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
        p.setColor(QPalette::Button, color);
        contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    
    }
    void Palette::sl_buttonText()
    {
        
        QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
        QColor color = QColor(colorList[cbbButtonText->currentIndex()]);
        //获取当前调色板
        QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
        p.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText, color);
        contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    
    
    }
    void Palette::sl_base()
    {
        
        QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
        QColor color = QColor(colorList[cbbBase->currentIndex()]);
        //获取当前调色板
        QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
        p.setColor(QPalette::Base, color);
        contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    }

[QPalette]: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37806112/article/details/79899675
[Qt_QPalette]: http://www.45fan.com/article.php?aid=19072981007232739940354226
[QPalette 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40194498/article/details/79696236