yoloV5模型训练教程并进行量化

向右看齐 2022-10-06 04:47 262阅读 0赞

# yoloV5模型训练教程 #

## 数据标注 ##

数据标注我们要用labelimg

pip install labelimg

### 百度爬虫爬取图像 ###

import os
    import re
    import sys
    import urllib
    import json
    import socket
    import urllib.request
    import urllib.parse
    import urllib.error
    # 设置超时
    from random import randint
    import time
    
    timeout = 5
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
    
    
    class Crawler:
        # 睡眠时长
        __time_sleep = 0.1
        __amount = 0
        __start_amount = 0
        __counter = 0
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/23.0'}
        __per_page = 30
    
        # 获取图片url内容等
        # t 下载图片时间间隔
        def __init__(self, t=0.1):
            self.time_sleep = t
    
        # 获取后缀名
        @staticmethod
        def get_suffix(name):
            m = re.search(r'\.[^\.]*$', name)
            if m.group(0) and len(m.group(0)) <= 5:
                return m.group(0)
            else:
                return '.jpeg'
    
        # 保存图片
        def save_image(self, rsp_data, word):
            if not os.path.exists("./" + word):
                os.mkdir("./" + word)
            # 判断名字是否重复，获取图片长度
            self.__counter = len(os.listdir('./' + word)) + 1
            for image_info in rsp_data['data']:
                try:
                    if 'replaceUrl' not in image_info or len(image_info['replaceUrl']) < 1:
                        continue
                    obj_url = image_info['replaceUrl'][0]['ObjUrl']
                    thumb_url = image_info['thumbURL']
                    url = 'https://image.baidu.com/search/down?tn=download&ipn=dwnl&word=download&ie=utf8&fr=result&url=%s&thumburl=%s' % (
                        urllib.parse.quote(obj_url), urllib.parse.quote(thumb_url))
                    time.sleep(self.time_sleep)
                    suffix = self.get_suffix(obj_url)
                    # 指定UA和referrer，减少403
                    opener = urllib.request.build_opener()
                    opener.addheaders = [
                        ('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36'),
                    ]
                    urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
                    # 保存图片
                    filepath = './{}/PME_{}_A{}'.format(word, randint(
                        1000000, 500000000), str(self.__counter) + str(suffix))
                    for _ in range(5):
                        urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filepath)
                        if os.path.getsize(filepath) >= 5:
                            break
                    if os.path.getsize(filepath) < 5:
                        print("下载到了空文件，跳过!")
                        os.unlink(filepath)
                        continue
                except urllib.error.HTTPError as urllib_err:
                    print(urllib_err)
                    continue
                except Exception as err:
                    time.sleep(1)
                    print(err)
                    print("产生未知错误，放弃保存")
                    continue
                else:
                    print("图+1,已有" + str(self.__counter) + "张图")
                    self.__counter += 1
            return
    
        # 开始获取
        def get_images(self, word):
            search = urllib.parse.quote(word)
            # pn int 图片数
            pn = self.__start_amount
            while pn < self.__amount:
    
                url = 'https://image.baidu.com/search/acjson?tn=resultjson_com&ipn=rj&ct=201326592&is=&fp=result&queryWord=%s&cl=2&lm=-1&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&adpicid=&st=-1&z=&ic=&hd=&latest=&copyright=&word=%s&s=&se=&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&istype=2&qc=&nc=1&fr=&expermode=&force=&pn=%s&rn=%d&gsm=1e&1594447993172=' % (
                    search, search, str(pn), self.__per_page)
                # 设置header防403
                try:
                    time.sleep(self.time_sleep)
                    req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.headers)
                    page = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
                    rsp = page.read()
                except UnicodeDecodeError as e:
                    print(e)
                    print('-----UnicodeDecodeErrorurl:', url)
                except urllib.error.URLError as e:
                    print(e)
                    print("-----urlErrorurl:", url)
                except socket.timeout as e:
                    print(e)
                    print("-----socket timout:", url)
                else:
                    # 解析json
                    try:
                        rsp_data = json.loads(rsp)
                        self.save_image(rsp_data, word)
                        # 读取下一页
                        print("下载下一页")
                        pn += 60
                    except Exception as e:
                        continue
                finally:
                    page.close()
            print("下载任务结束")
            return
    
        def start(self, word, total_page=2, start_page=1, per_page=30):
            """
            爬虫入口
            :param word: 抓取的关键词
            :param total_page: 需要抓取数据页数 总抓取图片数量为 页数 x per_page
            :param start_page:起始页码
            :param per_page: 每页数量
            :return:
            """
            self.__per_page = per_page
            self.__start_amount = (start_page - 1) * self.__per_page
            self.__amount = total_page * self.__per_page + self.__start_amount
            self.get_images(word)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    
        crawler = Crawler(0.05)  # 抓取延迟为 0.05
    
        crawler.start('玩手机')

### 标注完成后，每张图像会生成对应的xml标注文件 ###

## 数据预处理 ##

创建convert\_data.py文件，内容如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    
    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
    from tqdm import tqdm
    import os
    from os import getcwd
    
    
    def convert(size, box):
        dw = 1. / (size[0])
        dh = 1. / (size[1])
        x = (box[0] + box[1]) / 2.0 - 1
        y = (box[2] + box[3]) / 2.0 - 1
        w = box[1] - box[0]
        h = box[3] - box[2]
        x = x * dw
        w = w * dw
        y = y * dh
        h = h * dh
        return x, y, w, h
    
    
    def convert_annotation(image_id):
        # try:
        in_file = open('VOCData/images/{}.xml'.format(image_id), encoding='utf-8')
        out_file = open('VOCData/labels/{}.txt'.format(image_id),
                        'w', encoding='utf-8')
        tree = ET.parse(in_file)
        root = tree.getroot()
        size = root.find('size')
        w = int(size.find('width').text)
        h = int(size.find('height').text)
        for obj in root.iter('object'):
            difficult = obj.find('difficult').text
            cls = obj.find('name').text
            if cls not in classes or int(difficult) == 1:
                continue
            cls_id = classes.index(cls)
            xmlbox = obj.find('bndbox')
            b = (float(xmlbox.find('xmin').text), float(xmlbox.find('xmax').text), float(xmlbox.find('ymin').text),
                 float(xmlbox.find('ymax').text))
            b1, b2, b3, b4 = b
            # 标注越界修正
            if b2 > w:
                b2 = w
            if b4 > h:
                b4 = h
            b = (b1, b2, b3, b4)
            bb = convert((w, h), b)
            out_file.write(str(cls_id) + " " +
                           " ".join([str(a) for a in bb]) + '\n')
        # except Exception as e:
        #     print(e, image_id)
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    
        sets = ['train', 'val']
    
        image_ids = [v.split('.')[0]
                     for v in os.listdir('VOCData/images/') if v.endswith('.xml')]
    
        split_num = int(0.95 * len(image_ids))
    
        classes = ['face', 'normal', 'phone', 'write',
                   'smoke', 'eat', 'computer', 'sleep']
    
        if not os.path.exists('VOCData/labels/'):
            os.makedirs('VOCData/labels/')
    
        list_file = open('train.txt', 'w')
        for image_id in tqdm(image_ids[:split_num]):
            list_file.write('VOCData/images/{}.jpg\n'.format(image_id))
            convert_annotation(image_id)
        list_file.close()
    
        list_file = open('val.txt', 'w')
        for image_id in tqdm(image_ids[split_num:]):
            list_file.write('VOCData/images/{}.jpg\n'.format(image_id))
            convert_annotation(image_id)
        list_file.close()

运行结束后，可以看到VOCData/labels下生成了对应的txt文件

### 在data文件夹下创建myvoc.yaml文件 ###

内容如下：

train: train.txt
    val: val.txt
    
    # number of classes
    nc: 8
    
    # class names
    names: ["face", "normal", "phone", "write", "smoke", "eat", "computer", "sleep"]

## 下载预训练模型 ##

我训练yolov5m这个模型，因此将它的预训练模型下载到weights文件夹下：

## 模型训练 ##

修改models/yolov5m.yaml下的类别数：

python train.py --img 640 --batch 4 --epoch 300 --data ./data/myvoc.yaml --cfg ./models/yolov5m.yaml --weights weights/yolov5m.pt --workers 0

## 模型推理测试 ##

训练结束后在 run/train/exp/weights 文件夹下会生成训练好的两个模型文件，我们将 last.pt 取出放到根目录下，然后运行：

python detect.py --source data/images --weights last.pt --conf 0.25

## 模型量化 ##

这时我们注意到，训练好的 last.pt 有172MB，而官方给出的 yolov5m.pt 只有 40MB，这时候我们需要导出半精度模型重新保存,创建slim.py文件

python slim.py --in_weights last.pt --out_weights slim_model.pt --device 0

#### slim.py ####

import os
    import torch
    
    import torch
    import torch.nn as nn
    from tqdm import tqdm
    
    
    def autopad(k, p=None):  
        # Pad to 'same'
        if p is None:
            p = k // 2 if isinstance(k, int) else [x // 2 for x in k]  # auto-pad
        return p
    
    
    class Conv(nn.Module):
        # Standard convolution
        # ch_in, ch_out, kernel, stride, padding, groups
        def __init__(self, c1, c2, k=1, s=1, p=None, g=1, act=True):
            super(Conv, self).__init__()
            self.conv = nn.Conv2d(c1, c2, k, s, autopad(k, p),
                                  groups=g, bias=False)
            self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(c2)
            self.act = nn.Hardswish() if act else nn.Identity()
    
        def forward(self, x):
            return self.act(self.bn(self.conv(x)))
    
        def fuseforward(self, x):
            return self.act(self.conv(x))
    
    
    class Ensemble(nn.ModuleList):
        # Ensemble of models
        def __init__(self):
            super(Ensemble, self).__init__()
    
        def forward(self, x, augment=False):
            y = []
            for module in self:
                y.append(module(x, augment)[0])
            # y = torch.stack(y).max(0)[0]  # max ensemble
            # y = torch.cat(y, 1)  # nms ensemble
            y = torch.stack(y).mean(0)  # mean ensemble
            return y, None  # inference, train output
    
    
    def attempt_load(weights, map_location=None):
    
        model = Ensemble()
        for w in weights if isinstance(weights, list) else [weights]:
            # load FP32 model
            model.append(torch.load(
                w, map_location=map_location)['model'].float().fuse().eval())
    
        # Compatibility updates
        for m in tqdm(model.modules()):
            if type(m) in [nn.Hardswish, nn.LeakyReLU, nn.ReLU, nn.ReLU6]:
                m.inplace = True  # pytorch 1.7.0 compatibility
            elif type(m) is Conv:
                m._non_persistent_buffers_set = set()  # pytorch 1.6.0 compatibility
    
        if len(model) == 1:
            return model[-1]  # return model
        else:
            print('Ensemble created with %s\n' % weights)
            for k in ['names', 'stride']:
                setattr(model, k, getattr(model[-1], k))
            return model  # return ensemble
    
    
    def select_device(device='', batch_size=None):
        # device = 'cpu' or '0' or '0,1,2,3'
        cpu_request = device.lower() == 'cpu'
        if device and not cpu_request:  # if device requested other than 'cpu'
            os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = device  # set environment variable
            assert torch.cuda.is_available(
            ), 'CUDA unavailable, invalid device %s requested' % device  # check availablity
    
        cuda = False if cpu_request else torch.cuda.is_available()
        if cuda:
            c = 1024 ** 2  # bytes to MB
            ng = torch.cuda.device_count()
            if ng > 1 and batch_size:  # check that batch_size is compatible with device_count
                assert batch_size % ng == 0, 'batch-size %g not multiple of GPU count %g' % (
                    batch_size, ng)
            x = [torch.cuda.get_device_properties(i) for i in range(ng)]
            s = f'Using torch {torch.__version__} '
            for i in range(0, ng):
                if i == 1:
                    s = ' ' * len(s)
    
        return torch.device('cuda:0' if cuda else 'cpu')
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    
        import argparse
    
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        parser.add_argument('--in_weights', type=str,
                            default='last.pt', help='initial weights path')
        parser.add_argument('--out_weights', type=str,
                            default='slim_model.pt', help='output weights path')
        parser.add_argument('--device', type=str, default='0', help='device')
        opt = parser.parse_args()
    
        device = select_device(opt.device)
        model = attempt_load(opt.in_weights, map_location=device)
        model.to(device).eval()
        model.half()
    
        torch.save(model, opt.out_weights)
        print('done.')
    
        print('-[INFO] before: {} kb, after: {} kb'.format(
            os.path.getsize(opt.in_weights), os.path.getsize(opt.out_weights)))