macOS：几个用于排错的命令和工具

谁践踏了优雅 2022-09-29 04:14 149阅读 0赞

1. 系统程序：Console.app - 控制台

2. 系统程序：Activiy Monitor.app - 活动监视器

3. 运行命令：sudo fs\_usage，使用control+c停止，它实时显示系统呼叫和文件页的错误等信息。

4. 运行命令：sudo syscallbypid.d，看看那个程序系统调用对多。

5. 运行命令：sysdiagnose。这个相当的强大而全面，它会生成一个系统全方面（可以说是最全）的测试报告，并以zip格式保存在/var/tmp/目录中。都包括什么，看看它的在线帮助信息吧：

o A spindump of the system  
o Several seconds of fs\_usage ouput  
o Several seconds of top output  
o Data about kernel zones  
o Status of loaded kernel extensions  
o Resident memory usage of user processes  
o All system logs, kernel logs, opendirectory log, windowserver log, and log of power management events  
o A System Profiler report  
o All spin and crash reports  
o Disk usage information  
o I/O Kit registry information  
o Network status  
o If a specific process is supplied as an argument: list of malloc-allocated buffers in the process's heap is collected  
o If a specific process is supplied as an argument: data about unreferenced malloc buffers in the process's memory is collected  
o If a specific process is supplied as an argument: data about the virtual memory regions allocated in the process  
o If Mail is the process supplied as an argument: your email address, account configuration, mailbox identifiers, the number of characters in the  
subject line of emails, the sent and received times of emails.

不过注意的是，有些信息是指采集一小段时间的，所以要想详细获得具体的长时间段信息，需要单独运行。

6. 运行命令: sudo footprint -a。搜集每个CPU核的内存使用信息。

7. 运行命令: vm\_stat。显示虚拟内存的统计信息

8. 运行命令: spindump。会在/var/tmp/DiagnosticReports/中生成当前系统的特征，比如核心以及驱动等

9. 运行命令: zprint。显示核心的情况

10运行命令:newproc.d和。newproc.d会监视新建的进程运行情况; creatbyproc.d使用进程名，它们都使用DTrace，所以在10.11以上版本需要之一SIP。

11运行命令:sar。搜集系统活动

对于众多命令，请详见在线man帮助