分布式服务框架Dubbo入门实例

男娘i 2022-09-23 03:56 180阅读 0赞

[Dubbo的官网][Dubbo]中是这样介绍Dubbo的。DUBBO是一个分布式服务框架，致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案，是阿里巴巴SOA服务化治理方案的核心框架，每天为2,000+个服务提供3,000,000,000+次访问量支持，并被广泛应用于阿里巴巴集团的各成员站点。

本文是对Dubbo的框架的一次学习步骤记录。

所需环境:Centos7 x64,Win7 x64,eclipse,maven,zookeeper,Dubbo

## 1.zookeeper安装与配置 ##

先到 [zookeeper官网下载][zookeeper]一个zookeeper安装文件下来，我这里下载3.4.8稳定版。

在Linux系统中运行：

wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.8/zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz

解压：

\#tar zxvf zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz

配置：

切换到解压目录，进入conf目录，复制默认的zoo\_sample.cfg文件,改名为zoo.cfg

\#cp zoo\_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

[root@localhost conf]# ll
    总用量 16
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 jk145 jk145  535 2月   6 11:46 configuration.xsl
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 jk145 jk145 2161 2月   6 11:46 log4j.properties
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root  root  1056 7月   3 21:21 zoo.cfg
    -rw-rw-r-- 1 jk145 jk145  922 2月   6 11:46 zoo_sample.cfg
    [root@localhost conf]#

之后切换到zookeeper的bin 目录，运行zookeeper就好。

在bin目录下，执行./zkServer.sh start

[root@localhost bin]# pwd
    /usr/local/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin
    [root@localhost bin]# ./zkServer.sh start
    ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
    Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.8/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
    Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
    [root@localhost bin]#

## 2.Dubbo服务端搭建 ##

新建立一个manven工程，可以是jar也可以是war工程。

在pom中加入依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<groupId>com.haiyang</groupId>
    	<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>war</packaging>
    	<properties>
    		<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    		<dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
    		<zookeeper.version>3.4.8</zookeeper.version>
    	</properties>
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    			<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    			<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    					<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
    			<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
    			<version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
    			<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
    			<version>0.1</version>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>3.2</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<source>1.7</source>
    					<target>1.7</target>
    					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

## 3.Dubbo服务端服务代码 ##

服务接口类：

package com.haiyang.service;
    
    public interface HelloService {
    	String sayHello(String str);
    }

服务实现类:

package com.haiyang.service.impl;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import com.haiyang.service.HelloService;
    
    @Service("helloService")
    public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
    	public String sayHello(String str) {
    		return "Hello " + str;
    	}
    
    }

## 4.Dubbo服务端Spring文件配置 ##

Spring-context.xml配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop   
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"
    	default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="false">
    
    	
    	<context:annotation-config />
    
    	
    	<context:component-scan base-package="com.haiyang" />
    
    	
    	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />	
    	<import resource="dubbo-provider.xml" />
    </beans>

dubbo-provider.xml配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
                http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo  
                http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
    	
    	<dubbo:application name="test_provider" />
    
    	
    	<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper"
    		address="zookeeper://192.168.138.129:2181" check="false" subscribe="false"
    		register=""></dubbo:registry>
    
    	
    	<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
    
    	
    	<dubbo:service interface="com.haiyang.service.HelloService"
    		ref="helloService" />
    
    </beans>

## 5.Dubbo服务端测试类 ##

package com.haiyang;
    
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    public class DubboProvider {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		try {
    			ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring/spring-context.xml");
    			context.start();
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		synchronized (DubboProvider.class) {
    			while (true) {
    				try {
    					DubboProvider.class.wait();
    				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    	}
    }

## 5.Dubbo客户端搭建 ##

和上面的Dubbo服务端一样，加入相同的jar文件，另外，再加入上一个工程，将它作为一个依赖,同时记得将上面的Dubbo服务工程用maven  install下

pom清单如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    	<groupId>com.haiyang</groupId>
    	<artifactId>dubbo-use</artifactId>
    	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    	<packaging>war</packaging>
    	<properties>
    		<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    		<dubbo.version>2.5.3</dubbo.version>
    		<zookeeper.version>3.4.8</zookeeper.version>
    	</properties>
    	<dependencies>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    			<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    			<version>${dubbo.version}</version>
    			<exclusions>
    				<exclusion>
    					<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    					<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
    				</exclusion>
    			</exclusions>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
    			<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
    			<version>${zookeeper.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
    			<version>${spring.version}</version>
    		</dependency>
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
    			<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
    			<version>0.1</version>
    		</dependency>
    		
    		<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.haiyang</groupId>
    			<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    		</dependency>
    	</dependencies>
    	<build>
    		<plugins>
    			
    			<plugin>
    				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    				<version>3.2</version>
    				<configuration>
    					<source>1.7</source>
    					<target>1.7</target>
    					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    				</configuration>
    			</plugin>
    		</plugins>
    	</build>
    </project>

## 6.Dubbo客户端Spring配置 ##

spring-context.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop   
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd"
    	default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="false">
    
    	
    	<context:annotation-config />
    
    	
    	<context:component-scan base-package="com.haiyang" />
    	
    	
    	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />	
    	
    	<import resource="dubbo-consumer.xml" />
    
    </beans>

dubbo-consumer.xml配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  
            http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo  
            http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
    	
    	<dubbo:application name="dubbo-use" />
    
    	
    	
    	<dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="192.168.138.129:2181" />
    
    	
    	<dubbo:reference interface="com.haiyang.service.HelloService"
    		id="helloService" />
    
    
    </beans>

## 7.Dubbo客户端测试类 ##

package com.haiyang.test;
    
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    import com.haiyang.service.HelloService;
    
    public class HaiTest {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
    				new String[] { "spring/dubbo-consumer.xml" });
    		context.start();
    		HelloService demoService = (HelloService) context.getBean("helloService");
    		System.out.println(demoService.sayHello("world"));
    		synchronized (DubboTest.class) {
    			while (true) {
    				try {
    					DubboTest.class.wait();
    				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    					e.printStackTrace();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    	}
    
    }

## 8.Dubbo整体测试 ##

为了观察方便，先在zookeeper的服务器上查看日志文件，对应目录为：

\{path\}/zookeeper/bin/zookeeper.out

用tail -f命令监听此日志文件

\[ping@javaEE bin\]$ tail -f zookeeper.out

同时，为了观察方便，区别下，将之前服务端HelloServiceImpl这个类的return "Hello:" + str;改为return "Hello Dubbo:" + str;

运行Dubbo服务端测试类(DubboProvider.java)

![Center][]

运行Dubbo客户端测试类(HaiTest.java)

![Center 1][]

从这里可以看出，成功调用了服务端的方法

同时，zookeeper监听的日志文件也记录到了日志信息。

![Center 2][]

## 9.Dubbo管理控制台安装 ##

同时，为了Dubbo也自带了管理控制台，在这里，也顺便安装下。

在百度上搜一下dubbo-admin-2.5.4.war ，将它下下来，再传到Linux中去.

在crt中输入rz，选择dubbo-admin-2.5.4.war文件，上传，并将它解压到linux的tomcat的webapps目录下。

运行unzip -d解压，将它解压，并将名称改为ROOT

$ unzip dubbo-admin-2.5.4.war -d ROOT

再进入解压后的ROOT目录下，修改配置文件

$ vim ROOT/WEB-INF/dubbo.properties

dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://192.168.138.129

dubbo.admin.root.password=root

dubbo.admin.guest.password=guest

保存:x

最后再启动此Tomcat就可以了！

最后在浏览器里连接下

![Center 3][]

输入刚刚配置的密码和用户名:root    root

![Center 4][]

能成功进入了，并且也能检测到目前连上的服务。

[Dubbo]: http://dubbo.io/
[zookeeper]: http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/zookeeper/
[Center]: /images/20220721/06753bcf78d148948c00a41abf7f840c.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220721/ade71c2fc7984951b089bf70bb0ee9fa.png
[Center 2]: /images/20220721/0c2d32909b35471a8c054899f15ad24f.png
[Center 3]: /images/20220721/b475a0557cc445dfb6158ba9bd2ed5bf.png
[Center 4]: /images/20220721/aa2f3879b1af4f228cf4e8149702a9c8.png