搞定JUI编程

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-09-10 05:17 201阅读 0赞

文章目录

    • 1.初始Jframe
    • 2.创建属于自己的第一个frame子类
    • 3.设置画布与图形绘制基础
    • 4.使用Graphics2D
    • 整理绘制工具类
    • 6.抗锯齿+双缓存
      • 抗锯齿
      • 双缓存

1.初始Jframe

  1. import javax.swing.*;
  2. import java.awt.*;
  4. public class Test1 { 
  5.     public static void main(String[] args) { 
  6.         //事件分发线程
  7.         EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
  8.             JFrame frame = new JFrame("Welcome");
  9.             //窗口大小
  10.             frame.setSize(500, 500);
  11.             //是否可改变窗口大小
  12.             frame.setResizable(false);
  13.             //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  14.             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  15.             //显示jframe窗口
  16.             frame.setVisible(true);
  17.         });
  18.     }
  19. }

在这里插入图片描述

2.创建属于自己的第一个frame子类

AlgoFrame

  1. import javax.swing.*;
  2. import java.awt.*;
  4. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  5.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  6.         super(title);
  7.         //窗口大小
  8.         this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  9.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  10.         this.setResizable(false);
  11.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  12.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  13.         //显示jframe窗口
  14.         this.setVisible(true);
  15.     }
  16. }

测试

  1. import java.awt.*;
  3. public class Test2 { 
  5.     public static void main(String[] args) { 
  6.         //事件分发线程
  7.         EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
  8.             AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome", 500, 500);
  9.         });
  10.     }
  11. }

运行结果:
在这里插入图片描述
改进iframe

  1. package com.juidemo.algoframe;
  3. import javax.swing.*;
  4. import java.awt.*;
  6. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  7.     private int canvasWidth;
  8.     private int canvasHeight;
  10.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  11.         super(title);
  12.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  13.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  14.         //窗口大小
  15.         this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  16.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  17.         this.setResizable(false);
  18.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  19.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  20.         //显示jframe窗口
  21.         this.setVisible(true);
  22.     }
  24.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  25.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  26.     }
  28.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  29.         return canvasWidth;
  30.     }
  32.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  33.         return canvasHeight;
  34.     }
  36. }

3.设置画布与图形绘制基础

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
案例:绘制一个圆。

  1. package com.juidemo.algoframe;
  3. import javax.swing.*;
  4. import java.awt.*;
  6. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  7.     private int canvasWidth;
  8.     private int canvasHeight;
  10.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  11.         super(title);
  12.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  13.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  15.         //画布相关
  16.         AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
  17. // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  18.         this.setContentPane(canvas);
  19.         //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
  20.         this.pack();
  21.         //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
  22. // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  23.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  24.         this.setResizable(false);
  25.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  26.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  27.         //显示jframe窗口
  28.         this.setVisible(true);
  29.     }
  31.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  32.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  33.     }
  35.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  36.         return canvasWidth;
  37.     }
  39.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  40.         return canvasHeight;
  41.     }
  43.     private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
  45.         //绘制组件,绘制一个圆
  46.         @Override
  47.         public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
  48.             super.paintComponent(g);
  49.             g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
  50.         }
  52.         //代替第17行代码
  53.         // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  54.         //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
  55.         @Override
  56.         public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
  57.             return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  58.         }
  61.     }
  63. }

测试

  1. import java.awt.*;
  3. public class Test2 { 
  5.     public static void main(String[] args) { 
  6.         //事件分发线程
  7.         EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
  8.             AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome", 500, 500);
  9. // AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome");
  10.         });
  11.     }
  12. }

效果图:
在这里插入图片描述

4.使用Graphics2D

在这里插入图片描述

  1. package com.juidemo.algoframe;
  3. import javax.swing.*;
  4. import java.awt.*;
  5. import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
  7. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  8.     private int canvasWidth;
  9.     private int canvasHeight;
  11.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  12.         super(title);
  13.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  14.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  16.         //画布相关
  17.         AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
  18. // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  19.         this.setContentPane(canvas);
  20.         //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
  21.         this.pack();
  22.         //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
  23. // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  24.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  25.         this.setResizable(false);
  26.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  27.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  28.         //显示jframe窗口
  29.         this.setVisible(true);
  30.     }
  32.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  33.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  34.     }
  36.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  37.         return canvasWidth;
  38.     }
  40.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  41.         return canvasHeight;
  42.     }
  44.     private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
  46.         //绘制组件
  47.         @Override
  48.         public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
  49.             super.paintComponent(g);
  50. // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
  51.             //Graphics2D绘制
  52.             Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
  54.             //设置边框宽度
  55.             int strokeWidth = 5;
  56.             g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
  58.             //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
  59.             //设置颜色
  60.             g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
  61.             //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
  62.             Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  63.             //绘制空心圆
  64.             g2d.draw(circle);
  66.             //设置颜色
  67.             g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
  68.             Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  69.             //绘制实心圆
  70.             g2d.fill(circle2);
  71.         }
  73.         //代替第17行代码
  74.         // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  75.         //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
  76.         @Override
  77.         public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
  78.             return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  79.         }
  82.     }
  84. }

测试:

  1. package com.juidemo.algoframe;
  3. import javax.swing.*;
  4. import java.awt.*;
  5. import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
  7. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  8.     private int canvasWidth;
  9.     private int canvasHeight;
  11.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  12.         super(title);
  13.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  14.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  16.         //画布相关
  17.         AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
  18. // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  19.         this.setContentPane(canvas);
  20.         //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
  21.         this.pack();
  22.         //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
  23. // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  24.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  25.         this.setResizable(false);
  26.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  27.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  28.         //显示jframe窗口
  29.         this.setVisible(true);
  30.     }
  32.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  33.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  34.     }
  36.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  37.         return canvasWidth;
  38.     }
  40.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  41.         return canvasHeight;
  42.     }
  44.     private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
  46.         //绘制组件
  47.         @Override
  48.         public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
  49.             super.paintComponent(g);
  50. // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
  51.             //Graphics2D绘制
  52.             Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
  54.             //设置边框宽度
  55.             int strokeWidth = 5;
  56.             g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
  58.             //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
  59.             //设置颜色
  60.             g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
  61.             //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
  62.             Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  63.             //绘制空心圆
  64.             g2d.draw(circle);
  66.             //设置颜色
  67.             g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
  68.             Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  69.             //绘制实心圆
  70.             g2d.fill(circle2);
  71.         }
  73.         //代替第17行代码
  74.         // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  75.         //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
  76.         @Override
  77.         public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
  78.             return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  79.         }
  82.     }
  84. }

效果:
在这里插入图片描述

整理绘制工具类

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
工具类:

  1. import java.awt.*;
  2. import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
  4. public class AlgoVisHelper { 
  6.     private AlgoVisHelper(){ }
  8.     public static void setStrokeWidth(Graphics2D g2d, int w){ 
  9.         int strokeWidth = w;
  10.         //第二个参数，绘制的线条的端点是圆形的
  11.         //第3个参数，在拐弯的时候，画出来的是平滑的实线
  12.         g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
  13.     }
  15.     public static void setColor(Graphics2D g2d, Color color){ 
  16.         g2d.setColor(color);
  17.     }
  20.     public static void strokeCircle(Graphics2D g2d, int x, int y, int r){ 
  21.         Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
  22.         g2d.draw(circle);
  23.     }
  25.     public static void fillCircle(Graphics2D g2d, int x, int y, int r){ 
  26.         Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
  27.         g2d.fill(circle);
  28.     }
  29. }

改造原来的代码

  1. import com.juidemo.tools.AlgoVisHelper;
  3. import javax.swing.*;
  4. import java.awt.*;
  6. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  7.     private int canvasWidth;
  8.     private int canvasHeight;
  10.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  11.         super(title);
  12.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  13.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  15.         //画布相关
  16.         AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
  17. // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  18.         this.setContentPane(canvas);
  19.         //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
  20.         this.pack();
  21.         //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
  22. // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  23.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  24.         this.setResizable(false);
  25.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  26.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  27.         //显示jframe窗口
  28.         this.setVisible(true);
  29.     }
  31.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  32.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  33.     }
  35.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  36.         return canvasWidth;
  37.     }
  39.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  40.         return canvasHeight;
  41.     }
  43.     private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
  45.         //绘制组件
  46.         @Override
  47.         public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
  48.             super.paintComponent(g);
  49. // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
  50.             //Graphics2D绘制
  51.             Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
  53.             //设置边框宽度
  54. // int strokeWidth = 5;
  55. // g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
  56.             AlgoVisHelper.setStrokeWidth(g2d, 5);
  58.             //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
  60.             //设置颜色
  61. // g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
  62.             AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.BLUE);
  63. // Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  64. // //绘制实心圆
  65. // g2d.fill(circle2);
  66.             //实心圆
  67.             AlgoVisHelper.fillCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
  69.             //设置颜色
  70. // g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
  71.             AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.RED);
  72.             //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
  73. // Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  74. // //绘制空心圆
  75. // g2d.draw(circle);
  76.             AlgoVisHelper.strokeCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
  79.         }
  81.         //代替第17行代码
  82.         // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  83.         //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
  84.         @Override
  85.         public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
  86.             return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  87.         }
  88.     }
  90. }

测试效果

  1. import java.awt.*;
  3. public class Test2 { 
  5.     public static void main(String[] args) { 
  6.         //事件分发线程
  7.         EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
  8.             AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome", 500, 500);
  9. // AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome");
  10.         });
  11.     }
  12. }

在这里插入图片描述

6.抗锯齿+双缓存

抗锯齿

在这里插入图片描述
官网地址:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/2d/advanced/quality.html
在这里插入图片描述

  1. import com.juidemo.tools.AlgoVisHelper;
  2. import javax.swing.*;
  3. import java.awt.*;
  5. public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
  6.     private int canvasWidth;
  7.     private int canvasHeight;
  9.     public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
  10.         super(title);
  11.         this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
  12.         this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
  14.         //画布相关
  15.         AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
  16. // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  17.         this.setContentPane(canvas);
  18.         //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
  19.         this.pack();
  20.         //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
  21. // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  22.         //是否可改变窗口大小
  23.         this.setResizable(false);
  24.         //关闭的时候，传递的功能
  25.         this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  26.         //显示jframe窗口
  27.         this.setVisible(true);
  28.     }
  30.     public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
  31.         this(title, 1024, 768);
  32.     }
  34.     public int getCanvasWidth() { 
  35.         return canvasWidth;
  36.     }
  38.     public int getCanvasHeight() { 
  39.         return canvasHeight;
  40.     }
  42.     private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
  44.         //绘制组件
  45.         @Override
  46.         public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
  47.             super.paintComponent(g);
  48. // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
  49.             //Graphics2D绘制
  50.             Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
  52.             //抗锯齿
  53.             RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
  54.                                             RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
  55.                                             RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
  56.             g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);
  58.             //设置边框宽度
  59. // int strokeWidth = 5;
  60. // g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
  61.             AlgoVisHelper.setStrokeWidth(g2d, 5);
  63.             //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
  65.             //设置颜色
  66. // g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
  67.             AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.BLUE);
  68. // Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  69. // //绘制实心圆
  70. // g2d.fill(circle2);
  71.             //实心圆
  72.             AlgoVisHelper.fillCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
  74.             //设置颜色
  75. // g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
  76.             AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.RED);
  77.             //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
  78. // Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
  79. // //绘制空心圆
  80. // g2d.draw(circle);
  81.             AlgoVisHelper.strokeCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
  84.         }
  86.         //代替第17行代码
  87.         // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
  88.         //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
  89.         @Override
  90.         public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
  91.             return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
  92.         }
  93.     }
  95. }

关键代码:

  1. //抗锯齿
  2.             RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
  3.                                             RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
  4.                                             RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
  5.             g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);

效果:
在这里插入图片描述

双缓存

在这里插入图片描述

jPanel默认实现了双缓存
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

完

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