Elasticsearch-核心篇(4)-索引操作

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-09-06 13:28 186阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*  一、索引新增
 *  二、索引删除
 *   *  2.1 单索引删除
     *  2.2 多索引删除
 *  三、索引查询
 *   *  3.1 查看单个索引
     *  3.2 查看所有索引

# 一、索引新增 #

**参考文档**：[https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.8/getting-started-index.html][https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_7.8_getting-started-index.html]  
**注意：索引库名称必须是小写**，否则将会报错

{ 
      "error" : { 
        "root_cause" : [
          { 
            "type" : "invalid_index_name_exception",
            "reason" : "Invalid index name [ES], must be lowercase",
            "index_uuid" : "_na_",
            "index" : "ES"
          }
        ],
        "type" : "invalid_index_name_exception",
        "reason" : "Invalid index name [ES], must be lowercase",
        "index_uuid" : "_na_",
        "index" : "ES"
      },
      "status" : 400
    }

> 操作说明

*  对比关系型数据库，创建索引就等同于创建数据库
 *  注意：创建索引库的分片数默认 1 片，在 7.0.0 之前的 Elasticsearch 版本中，默认 5 片

> 命令示例

PUT es

> 返回示例

{ 
    	"acknowledged"【响应结果】: true,
    	"shards_acknowledged"【分片结果】: true,
    	"index"【索引名称】: "es"
    }

> 错误说明

1.  重复创建将会报错

{ 
    	"error": { 
    		"root_cause": [
    			{ 
    				"type": "resource_already_exists_exception",
    				"reason": "index [es/5sI71aL8SzC1HWOyyt98vA] already exists",
    				"index_uuid": "5sI71aL8SzC1HWOyyt98vA",
    				"index": "es"
    			}
    		],
    		"type": "resource_already_exists_exception",
    		"reason": "index [es/5sI71aL8SzC1HWOyyt98vA] already exists",
    		"index_uuid": "5sI71aL8SzC1HWOyyt98vA",
    		"index": "es"
    	},
    	"status": 400
    }

# 二、索引删除 #

## 2.1 单索引删除 ##

> 操作说明

*  删除指定索引
 *  删除具备幂等，多次删除都是返回true

> 命令示例

DELETE es

> 返回示例

*  acknowledged：响应结果

{ 
    	"acknowledged": true
    }

> 错误说明

1.  删除不存在索引将会报错

{ 
    	"error": { 
    		"root_cause": [
    			{ 
    				"type": "index_not_found_exception",
    				"reason": "no such index [es2]",
    				"resource.type": "index_or_alias",
    				"resource.id": "es2",
    				"index_uuid": "_na_",
    				"index": "es2"
    			}
    		],
    		"type": "index_not_found_exception",
    		"reason": "no such index [es2]",
    		"resource.type": "index_or_alias",
    		"resource.id": "es2",
    		"index_uuid": "_na_",
    		"index": "es2"
    	},
    	"status": 404
    }

## 2.2 多索引删除 ##

1.  在单个索引删除的基础上行使用逗号分隔多个需要删除的索引即可

DELETE product,springboot,customer

1.  返回示例

{ 
    	"acknowledged": true
    }

# 三、索引查询 #

## 3.1 查看单个索引 ##

> 操作说明

*  查看单个索引信息

> 命令示例

GET es

> 返回示例

{ 
        "es"【索引名】: {         
            "aliases"【别名】: { },
            "mappings"【映射】: { },
            "settings"【设置】: { 
                "index"【设置 - 索引】: { 
                    "creation_date"【设置 - 索引 - 创建时间】: "1622879605711",
                    "number_of_shards"【设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量】: "1",
                    "number_of_replicas"【设置 - 索引 - 副分片数量】: "1",
                    "uuid"【设置 - 索引 - 唯一标识】: "iXRlOMczQWCDHqJLH0gOBA",
                    "version"【设置 - 索引 - 版本】: { 
                        "created": "7080099"
                    },
                    "provided_name"【设置 - 索引 - 名称】: "es"
                }
            }
        }
    }

> 错误说明

1.  索引不存在时将会抛出404

## 3.2 查看所有索引 ##

> 操作说明

*  可以通过内置\_cat命令查看所有索引信息

> Query参数

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>参数名</th> 
   <th>参数类型</th> 
   <th>是否必填</th> 
   <th>参数描述</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>v</td> 
   <td>String</td> 
   <td>否</td> 
   <td>是否包含参数头说明</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

> 命令示例

GET _cat/indices

> 返回示例

health status index uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
    yellow open   es    iXRlOMczQWCDHqJLH0gOBA   1   1          0            0       208b           208b

*  字段说明

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>表头</th> 
   <th>含义</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>health</td> 
   <td>当前服务器健康状态：</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>green(集群完整) <strong>yellow</strong>(单点正常、集群不完整) red(单点不正常)</td> 
   <td></td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>status</td> 
   <td>索引打开、关闭状态</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>index</td> 
   <td>索引名</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>uuid</td> 
   <td>索引统一编号</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pri</td> 
   <td>主分片数量</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>rep</td> 
   <td>副本数量</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>docs.count</td> 
   <td>可用文档数量</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>docs.deleted</td> 
   <td>文档删除状态（逻辑删除）</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>store.size</td> 
   <td>主分片和副分片整体占空间大小</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>pri.store.size</td> 
   <td>主分片占空间大小</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

[https_www.elastic.co_guide_en_elasticsearch_reference_7.8_getting-started-index.html]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.8/getting-started-index.html