javaweb实现验证码功能

Dear 丶 2022-08-21 04:55 9阅读 0赞

### 在javaweb的用户注册与登陆功能时，有时为了防止漏洞或者大量注册，可以使用验证码功能，下面是验证码的一个简单实现 ###

### 验证码类 ###

public class ValiImg extends HttpServlet {
        
    
        public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
        
            response.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-Cache");
            response.setHeader("pragma", "no-Cache");
    
            int height = 30;
            int width = 30*4;
            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics2D g =  (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
    
            //1.填充矩形
            g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
            g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
    
            //2.画边框
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.drawRect(0, 0, width-1, height-1);
    
            //3.话干扰线
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            for(int i = 0;i<5;i++){
        
                g.drawLine(getRandInt(0,width), getRandInt(0,height), getRandInt(0,width), getRandInt(0,height));
            }
            //4.随机生成字符写到图片上 
             String base = "\u7684\u4e00\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e0a\u7740\u4e2a\u5730\u5230\u5927\u91cc\u8bf4\u5c31\u53bb\u5b50\u5f97\u4e5f\u548c\u90a3\u8981\u4e0b\u770b\u5929\u65f6\u8fc7\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e48\u8d77\u4f60\u90fd\u628a\u597d\u8fd8\u591a\u6ca1\u4e3a\u53c8\u53ef\u5bb6\u5b66\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f1a\u6837\u5e74\u60f3\u751f\u540c\u8001\u4e2d\u5341\u4ece\u81ea\u9762\u524d\u5934\u9053\u5b83\u540e\u7136\u8d70\u5f88\u50cf\u89c1\u4e24\u7528\u5979\u56fd\u52a8\u8fdb\u6210\u56de\u4ec0\u8fb9\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f00\u800c\u5df1\u4e9b\u73b0\u5c71\u6c11\u5019\u7ecf\u53d1\u5de5\u5411\u4e8b\u547d\u7ed9\u957f\u6c34\u51e0\u4e49\u4e09\u58f0\u4e8e\u9ad8\u624b\u77e5\u7406\u773c\u5fd7\u70b9\u5fc3\u6218\u4e8c\u95ee\u4f46\u8eab\u65b9\u5b9e\u5403\u505a\u53eb\u5f53\u4f4f\u542c\u9769\u6253\u5462\u771f\u5168\u624d\u56db\u5df2\u6240\u654c\u4e4b\u6700\u5149\u4ea7\u60c5\u8def\u5206\u603b\u6761\u767d\u8bdd\u4e1c\u5e2d\u6b21\u4eb2\u5982\u88ab\u82b1\u53e3\u653e\u513f\u5e38\u6c14\u4e94\u7b2c\u4f7f\u5199\u519b\u5427\u6587\u8fd0\u518d\u679c\u600e\u5b9a\u8bb8\u5feb\u660e\u884c\u56e0\u522b\u98de\u5916\u6811\u7269\u6d3b\u90e8\u95e8\u65e0\u5f80\u8239\u671b\u65b0\u5e26\u961f\u5148\u529b\u5b8c\u5374\u7ad9\u4ee3\u5458\u673a\u66f4\u4e5d\u60a8\u6bcf\u98ce\u7ea7\u8ddf\u7b11\u554a\u5b69\u4e07\u5c11\u76f4\u610f\u591c\u6bd4\u9636\u8fde\u8f66\u91cd\u4fbf\u6597\u9a6c\u54ea\u5316\u592a\u6307\u53d8\u793e\u4f3c\u58eb\u8005\u5e72\u77f3\u6ee1\u65e5\u51b3\u767e\u539f\u62ff\u7fa4\u7a76\u5404\u516d\u672c\u601d\u89e3\u7acb\u6cb3\u6751\u516b\u96be\u65e9\u8bba\u5417\u6839\u5171\u8ba9\u76f8\u7814\u4eca\u5176\u4e66\u5750\u63a5\u5e94\u5173\u4fe1\u89c9\u6b65\u53cd\u5904\u8bb0\u5c06\u5343\u627e\u4e89\u9886\u6216\u5e08\u7ed3\u5757\u8dd1\u8c01\u8349\u8d8a\u5b57\u52a0\u811a\u7d27\u7231\u7b49\u4e60\u9635\u6015\u6708\u9752\u534a\u706b\u6cd5\u9898\u5efa\u8d76\u4f4d\u5531\u6d77\u4e03\u5973\u4efb\u4ef6\u611f\u51c6\u5f20\u56e2\u5c4b\u79bb\u8272\u8138\u7247\u79d1\u5012\u775b\u5229\u4e16\u521a\u4e14\u7531\u9001\u5207\u661f\u5bfc\u665a\u8868\u591f\u6574\u8ba4\u54cd\u96ea\u6d41\u672a\u573a\u8be5\u5e76\u5e95\u6df1\u523b\u5e73\u4f1f\u5fd9\u63d0\u786e\u8fd1\u4eae\u8f7b\u8bb2\u519c\u53e4\u9ed1\u544a\u754c\u62c9\u540d\u5440\u571f\u6e05\u9633\u7167\u529e\u53f2\u6539\u5386\u8f6c\u753b\u9020\u5634\u6b64\u6cbb\u5317\u5fc5\u670d\u96e8\u7a7f\u5185\u8bc6\u9a8c\u4f20\u4e1a\u83dc\u722c\u7761\u5174\u5f62\u91cf\u54b1\u89c2\u82e6\u4f53\u4f17\u901a\u51b2\u5408\u7834\u53cb\u5ea6\u672f\u996d\u516c\u65c1\u623f\u6781\u5357\u67aa\u8bfb\u6c99\u5c81\u7ebf\u91ce\u575a\u7a7a\u6536\u7b97\u81f3\u653f\u57ce\u52b3\u843d\u94b1\u7279\u56f4\u5f1f\u80dc\u6559\u70ed\u5c55\u5305\u6b4c\u7c7b\u6e10\u5f3a\u6570\u4e61\u547c\u6027\u97f3\u7b54\u54e5\u9645\u65e7\u795e\u5ea7\u7ae0\u5e2e\u5566\u53d7\u7cfb\u4ee4\u8df3\u975e\u4f55\u725b\u53d6\u5165\u5cb8\u6562\u6389\u5ffd\u79cd\u88c5\u9876\u6025\u6797\u505c\u606f\u53e5\u533a\u8863\u822c\u62a5\u53f6\u538b\u6162\u53d4\u80cc\u7ec6";
            g.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,20));
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
        
                double c = getRandInt(-45, 45)/180F*Math.PI;
                g.rotate(c, 5+width/4*i, 22);
                String s = base.charAt(getRandInt(0,base.length()-1))+"";
                buffer.append(s);
                g.drawString(s, 5+width/4*i, 22);
                g.rotate(-c, 5+width/4*i, 22);
            }
            System.out.println(buffer.toString());
            request.getSession().setAttribute("valistr", buffer.toString());
            //5.释放资源
            g.dispose();
            //6.利用ImageIO进行输出
            ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
    
        }
    
        Random random = new Random();
        public int getRandInt(int begin,int end){
        
            return random.nextInt(end-begin)+begin;
        }
    
        public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws ServletException, IOException {
        
            doGet(request, response);
        }
    }

### HTML可以动态刷新验证码 ###

<tr>
                    <td>验证码:</td>
                    <td><input type="text" name="valistr"/></td>
                    <td id="valistr_msg">${msg }</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td><input type="submit" value="注册用户"/></td>
                    <td><img src="ValiImg" onclick="changeImg(this)" style="cursor: pointer;"/></td>
    
    function changeImg(img)
        {
            img.src=img.src+"?time="+new Date().getTime();
        }

### 在servlet中校验验证码是否正确 ###

`//较验验证码 String valistr1=request.getParameter("valistr"); String valistr2=(String) request.getSession().getAttribute("valistr"); if(valistr1==null||valistr2==null||!valistr1.equals(valistr2)) { request.setAttribute("msg", "<font color='red'>验证码不正确!</font> "); request.getRequestDispatcher("register.jsp").forward(request, response); return; }`

### 效果如下 ###

![结果][20160316161805730]

[20160316161805730]: /images/20220731/daddc279224b4b80848285b1fb5a9ef7.png