邮箱验证码功能实现

╰半夏微凉° 2021-09-26 05:46 942阅读 0赞

在进行实际项目的开发过程中，我们可能会遇到需要需要对用户账号密码进行找回，这时就需要我们通过邮件进行验证，从而对用户信息进行修改，下面我就将自己开发过程中的邮件发送功能简单描述一下，供大家学习使用。

## 1.MailSenderInfo是确定邮件发送的类型及其各种属性 ##

import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    public class MailSenderInfo {
    	private String mailServerHost;      //发送邮件的服务器
    	private String mailServerPort="587";    //发送邮件的服务器的端口
    	private String fromAddress;            //发送者地址
    	private String toAddress;              //接收者地址
    	private String username;         //发送者用户名
    	private String password;         //发送者密码
    	private boolean validate=true;      //是否需要身份验证
    	private String subject;           //邮件主题
    	private String content;          //邮件内容
    	private Map<String, String> mailType;        //邮箱类型
    	
    	//得到邮件会话属性
    		public Properties getProperties(){
    			  Properties p = new Properties();
    			  p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
    			  p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
    			  p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate?"true":"false");
    			  return p;
    		}
    		
    		public String getMailServerHost() {
    			return mailServerHost;
    		}
    		public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
    			this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
    		}
    		public String getMailServerPort() {
    			return mailServerPort;
    		}
    		public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
    			this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
    		}
    		public String getFromAddress() {
    			return fromAddress;
    		}
    		public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
    			this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
    		}
    		public String getToAddress() {
    			return toAddress;
    		}
    		public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
    			this.toAddress = toAddress;
    		}
    		public String getUsername() {
    			return username;
    		}
    		
    		public void setUsername(String username) {
    			this.username = username;
    			this.fromAddress=username;
    			if(username!=null&&username.length()>0){
    			   String fromEmailExt=username.substring(username.lastIndexOf("@")+1,username.lastIndexOf("."));
    			   this.mailServerHost=getMailType().get(fromEmailExt);
    			}
    		}
    		
    		public String getPassword() {
    			return password;
    		}
    		public void setPassword(String password) {
    			this.password = password;
    		}
    		public boolean isValidate() {
    			return validate;
    		}
    		public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
    			this.validate = validate;
    		}
    			 
    		public String getSubject() {
    			return subject;
    		}
    		public void setSubject(String subject) {
    			this.subject = subject;
    		}
    		public String getContent() {
    			return content;
    		}
    		public void setContent(String content) {
    			this.content = content;
    		}
    		public Map<String, String> getMailType() {
    			mailType=new HashMap<String, String>();
    			mailType.put("163","smtp.163.com");
    			mailType.put("139","smtp.139.com");
    			mailType.put("126","smtp.126.com");
    			mailType.put("qq", "smtp.qq.com");
    			mailType.put("sohu", "smtp.sohu.com");
    			mailType.put("live","smtp.live.cn");
    			mailType.put("msn","smtp.msn.com");
    			mailType.put("kum", "mail.kum.Net.cn");
    			mailType.put("hotmail","smtp.hotmail.cn");
    			return mailType;
    		}
    		public void setMailType(Map<String, String> mailType) {
    			this.mailType = mailType;
    		}
    }

## 2.设置邮件发送者的基本信息 ##

import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.Properties;
    import javax.mail.Address;
    import javax.mail.BodyPart;
    import javax.mail.Message;
    import javax.mail.Multipart;
    import javax.mail.Session;
    import javax.mail.Transport;
    import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
    	//邮件发送器
    
    import com.xidian.entity.MailSenderInfo;
    
    public class MailSender {
    	/**
    	  * 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session    
    	  * @return
    	  */
    	 protected  static Session getSession(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo){
    	  if(mailSenderInfo == null){
    	   return null;
    	  }
    	  MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
    	  Properties pro = mailSenderInfo.getProperties();
    	  if(mailSenderInfo.isValidate()){
    	   authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailSenderInfo.getUsername(),mailSenderInfo.getPassword());
    	  }
    	  return Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
    	 }
    	 
    	 /**
    	  * 发送文本格式邮件
    	  * @return
    	  */
    	 public static boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo){
    		 try {
    	        
    			 //得到session
    	         Session mailSession = getSession(mailSenderInfo); 
    	         //根据session创建一个邮件消息
    	         Message mailMessage=new MimeMessage(mailSession);
    	   
    	         //创建邮件发送者的地址
    	         Address fromAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getFromAddress());
    	   
    	         //创建邮件接收者的地址
    	         Address toAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getToAddress());
    	   
    	         //设置邮件发送者的地址
    	         mailMessage.setFrom(fromAddress);
    	   
    	         //设置邮件接收者地址
    	         mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
    	   
    	         //设置邮件的主题
    	         mailMessage.setSubject(mailSenderInfo.getSubject());
    	   
    	         //设置邮件的发送内容
    	         mailMessage.setText(mailSenderInfo.getContent());
    	   
    	         //设置发送邮件的时间
    	         mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    	   
    	         //发送邮件
    	         Transport.send(mailMessage);
    	   
    	         return true;
    		 	} catch (Exception e) {
    		 		e.printStackTrace();
    		 		return false;
    		 	}
    	 }
    	 
    	 /**
    	  * 发送html格式邮件
    	  * @return
    	  */
    	 public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailSenderInfo) {
    		 try {
    			 //得到session
    			 Session mailSession = getSession(mailSenderInfo);
    			 //根据session创建一个邮件消息
    			 Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
    			 //创建邮件发送者的地址
    			 Address fromAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getFromAddress());
    	   
    			 //创建邮件接收者的地址
    			 Address toAddress=new InternetAddress(mailSenderInfo.getToAddress());
    	   
    			 //设置邮件发送者的地址
    			 mailMessage.setFrom(fromAddress);
    	   
    			 //设置邮件接收者地址
    			 mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
    			 //设置邮件消息的主题
    			 mailMessage.setSubject(mailSenderInfo.getSubject());
    			 //设置邮件消息发送的时间
    			 mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
    			 //MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
    			 Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
    			 //创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
    			 BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
    			 //设置HTML内容
    			 html.setContent(mailSenderInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=UTF-8");
    	   
    			 //将内容添加到容器对象中
    			 mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
    			 //将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
    			 mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
    			 //发送邮件
    			 Transport.send(mailMessage);
    	   
    			 return true;
    		 } catch (Exception e) {
    			 e.printStackTrace();
    			 return false;
    		 }
    	 }
    }

## 3.MyAuthenticator 继承自Authenticator ##

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
    
    import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
    
    public class MyAuthenticator  extends Authenticator{
    	String userName = null;
    	String password = null;
    	 
    	public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String password) {
    		this.userName = userName;
    		this.password = password;
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
    		
    		return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
    	 }
    }

## 4.SendEmaiServlet 是邮件发送的主入口，需要注意的是其中的用户名是用于发送邮件的邮箱账号，密码是经过第三方授权的，可以通过qq邮箱，163邮箱等在身份验证后免费获取。 ##

import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.Random;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import com.xidian.entity.Account;
    import com.xidian.entity.MailSenderInfo;
    import com.xidian.service.AccountService;
    import com.xidian.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl;
    import com.xidian.service.impl.MailSender;
    
    public class SendEmailServlet  extends HttpServlet{
    	@Override
    	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    			throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		doPost(req, resp);
    	}
    	@Override
    	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    			throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
    		resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    		req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    		MailSenderInfo senderInfo=new MailSenderInfo();
    		String email = req.getParameter("email");
    		AccountService as = new AccountServiceImpl();
    		Account account = as.queryByEmail(email);
    		if(account ==null){
    			PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
    			out.println("<script type='text/javascript'>"+
    					"alert('您输入的邮箱不存在！');"+
    					"location.href='noRegister.jsp';"+
    					"</script>");
    		}else{
    			senderInfo.setUsername("123456789@qq.com"); //用户名
    			senderInfo.setPassword("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx");      //密码
    			senderInfo.setToAddress(email);//接收者
    			senderInfo.setSubject("Battle邮箱验证"); //主题
    			Random random = new Random();
    //			int result=random.nextInt(10);
    			String num = (int)(Math.random()*1000000)+"";
    			String str ="您的暴雪游戏验证码为："+num+"，请保护好您的验证码安全不要告诉他人！";
    			senderInfo.setContent(str); //内容
    			//发送
    			MailSender.sendHtmlMail(senderInfo);
    			req.setAttribute("num", num);
    			req.setAttribute("email", email);
    			req.getRequestDispatcher("email.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    		}
    	}
    }