华为机试题：汽水瓶

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-08-20 05:20 167阅读 0赞

<table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; width:970px; border:0px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; empty-cells:show; color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:'Times New Roman',Arial,微软雅黑,宋体,Tahoma,Helvetica,SimSun,sans-serif,宋体"> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 描述:&nbsp;</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> <p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px"> 有这样一道智力题：“某商店规定：三个空汽水瓶可以换一瓶汽水。小张手上有十个空汽水瓶，她最多可以换多少瓶汽水喝？”答案是5瓶，方法如下：先用9个空瓶子换3瓶汽水，喝掉3瓶满的，喝完以后4个空瓶子，用3个再换一瓶，喝掉这瓶满的，这时候剩2个空瓶子。然后你让老板先借给你一瓶汽水，喝掉这瓶满的，喝完以后用3个空瓶子换一瓶满的还给老板。如果小张手上有n个空汽水瓶，最多可以换多少瓶汽水喝？</p> &nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 题目类别:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> &nbsp;循环&nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 难度:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> &nbsp;中级&nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 运行时间限制:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 10Sec</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 内存限制:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 128MByte</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 阶段:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> &nbsp;入职前练习&nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 输入:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> &nbsp; <p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px"> 输入文件最多包含10组测试数据，每个数据占一行，仅包含一个正整数n（1&lt;=n&lt;=100），表示小张手上的空汽水瓶数。n=0表示输入结束，你的程序不应当处理这一行。</p> &nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 输出:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> &nbsp; <p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px"> 对于每组测试数据，输出一行，表示最多可以喝的汽水瓶数。如果一瓶也喝不到，输出0。</p> &nbsp;</td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 样例输入:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; padding:0px; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; line-height:24px">3
10
81
0
                   </pre> </td> 
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   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:rgb(238,238,238); font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> 样例输出:</td> 
   <td style="margin:0px; padding:6px 3px 3px; word-break:break-all; word-wrap:break-word; font-size:14px; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; border-bottom-color:rgb(238,238,238)"> <pre style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; padding:0px; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; line-height:24px">1
5
40</pre> </td> 
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#include <iostream>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <string>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <map>
    #include <vector>
    
    using namespace std;
    
    /*输入空瓶子总数，返回可以喝几瓶汽水*/
    int getResult(int num)
    {
        int ret = 0;
    
        while(num > 1)
        {
            if(num == 2)
            {
                ret += 1;
                num = 0;
            }
            ret = ret+ (num / 3);
            num = (num / 3) + (num % 3);
        }
        return ret;
    }
    
    int main()
    {
        int num = 0, i = 0, ret = 0;
        vector<int> vec;
    
        cin  >> num;
        while(num != 0)
        {
            ret = getResult(num);
            vec.push_back(ret);
            cin >> num;
        }
    
        /*输出*/
        for(i = 0; i < vec.size(); i++)
        {
            cout << vec[i] << endl;
        }
        return 0;
    }