Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)

迷南。 2022-08-02 13:50 162阅读 0赞

[Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe]

[1、        Pub/Sub功能][1_Pub_Sub]

[2、        Pub/Sub机制][2_Pub_Sub]

[3、        Pub/Sub 在redis当中的实现][3_Pub_Sub _redis]

[4、        Php-redis扩展测试][4_Php-redis]

[5、        Redis pub/sub python客户端测试][5_Redis pub_sub python]

[6、        Redis pub/sub与node.js结合][6_Redis pub_sub_node.js]

[7、        Redis pub/sub压力测试][7_Redis pub_sub]

[8、        Redis pub/sub服务应用场景分析][8_Redis pub_sub]

[9、        附件：][9]

###     ###

### 1、Pub/Sub功能 ###

Pub/Sub功能（means Publish, Subscribe）即发布及订阅功能。基于事件的系统中，Pub/Sub是目前广泛使用的通信模型，它采用事件作为基本的通信机制，提供大规模系统所要求的松散耦合的交互模式：订阅者(如客户端)以事件订阅的方式表达出它有兴趣接收的一个事件或一类事件；发布者(如服务器)可将订阅者感兴趣的事件随时通知相关订阅者。

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe]

Publisher/subscribe 简易模型

### 2、 Pub/Sub机制 ###

Pub/Sub功能（means Publish,Subscribe）即发布及订阅功能[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 1]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 1]

1.      **时间非耦合：**发布者和订阅者不必同时在线，它们不必同时参与交互。

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 2]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 2]

2.      **空间非耦合：**发布者和订阅者不必相互知道对方所在的位置。发布者通过事件服务发布事件，订阅者通过事件服务间接获得事件。发布者和订阅者不需要拥有直接到对方的引用，也不必知道有多少个订阅者或者是发布者参与交互。

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 3]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 3]

3.      **同步非耦合：**发布者/订阅者是异步模式。发布者可不断地生产事件，而订阅者(通过一个回调)则可异步地得到产生事件的通知。

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 4]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 4]

**分类：**

按照订阅方式分为基于主题（topic-based）、基于内容（content-based）、基于类型（type-based）的pub/sub方式。

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 5]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 5]

**总结：**

Pub/Sub是可适用于可扩展要求高、松散耦合系统的分布式交互模型。

在抽象层中，它的时间非耦合、空间非耦合和同步非耦合性可允许参与者不依赖另一个而独立操作，具有一定的可扩展性；然而在实现层，可扩展性仍受其他原因的牵制。

例如：1、灵活的订阅要求复杂的过滤和路由算法；

2、高可用性开销（事件侦听、日志重传）；

3、消息认可带来的网络流量消耗；

4、庞大的订阅者数据带来的系统开销；

基于事件的Pub/Sub中间件的开发与利用在一定程度上可以提高系统的效率。

### 3、 Pub/Sub  在redis当中的实现 ###

Redis-cli连接测试命令行参考*附件**I*

*协议测试命令*

*  [**PSUBSCRIBE**][PSUBSCRIBE]
 *  [PUBLISH][]
 *  [PUNSUBSCRIBE][]
 *  [SUBSCRIBE][]
 *  [UNSUBSCRIBE][]

l **订阅者（redis-cli）连接订阅**

/usr/local/bin/redis-cli  \-h 10.54.37.212 -p6380

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 6]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 6]

redis-cli充当订阅者订阅（first 与second）两个topic

SUBSCRIBE firstsecond

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 7]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 7]

l **发布者（redis-cli）连接发布**

/usr/local/bin/redis-cli  \-h 10.54.37.212 -p6380

Pubish firstwangbin

Publish secondwangbin\_second

![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 8]

l **订阅者（redis-cli）信息接收**

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 9]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 9]

l **取消订阅UNSUBSCRIBE测试**

Redis-cli对取消订阅有bug可以使用telnet 进行测试

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 9]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 9]

取消订阅测试成功；

l **匹配模式订阅PSUBSCRIBE测试**

订阅者：

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 10]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 10]

发布者：

publishnews.wangbin wangbin\_patterncommand

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 11]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 11]

l **匹配模式取消订阅PUNSUBSCRIBE测试**

在telnet下测试如下：

PSUBSCRIBE news.\* wangbin\*

punsubscribe wangbin\*

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 12]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 12]

测试成功!

### 4、 Php-redis扩展测试 ###

[https://github.com/nicolasff/phpredis][https_github.com_nicolasff_phpredis]pecl扩展包目前只提供了两个接口 publish  subscribe

phpredis是c写的php模块

[https://github.com/jamm/Memory/blob/master/RedisServer.php][https_github.com_jamm_Memory_blob_master_RedisServer.php]

php这个是php是基于redis protocol的fsocketopen链接后操作的类库，提供的接口比较全面；publish可以进入数据，但是subscrbie没有阻塞；

可以在原类包当中修改其加入对阻塞模形的支持；

发布功能：

$redis= new Redis();

$res =$redis->connect($REDIS\_HOSTS\['CACHE'\]\['host'\],$REDIS\_HOSTS\['CACHE'\]\['port'\], 1 );

$res =$redis->publish($key,$value);

定阅功能：

$redis= new Redis();

$res =$redis->pconnect($REDIS\_HOSTS\['CACHE'\]\['host'\],$REDIS\_HOSTS\['CACHE'\]\['port'\]);

$res =$redis->subscribe(array($key),array('SinaRedis','subscribe\_handler'));

第二个参数为回调方法；

public static function subscribe\_handler($redis, $channel,$msg)\{

print\_r($redis);

echo $chan;

echo $msg;

return true;

定阅 redis\_subscriber.php

SinaRedis::subscribe('wangbin\_test');

发布redis\_publisher.php

测试收到订阅者收到发布的内容

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 13]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 13]

**Php-redis扩展bug**

**段错误：**

无论是connect 还是pcconnect  当超时断后，会报错segmentation fault;

超时设置bug

仍会断开解决方法：ini\_set('default\_socket\_timeout', -1);// itworks fine

**WebServer端测试**

Web端订阅应用

Apache下ob\_flush flush后可以输出，但是会漏下最后一条；求解决方案

Nginx下 会报504错误；求解决方法

Nginx 模块与redis直接连接呢?

Php-Fpm有没有什么设置呢

### 5、 Redis pub/sub python客户端测试 ###

Wgethttps://github.com/downloads/andymccurdy/redis-py/redis-2.2.4.tar.gz

tar -xvf  redis-2.2.4.tar.gz

cd redis-2.2.4

python setup.py intall

安装成功

交互模式下测试：

发布者：

Python

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or"license" for more information.

>>> importredis

>>> r =redis.Redis('10.54.37.212',6380);

>>>r.publish('wangbin\_test','this is ainformation');

59L

>>>

订阅者：

\[root@hadoop-master1 python\]\#python

Python 2.4.3 (\#1, Sep  3 2009, 15:37:12)

\[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)\] onlinux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or"license" for more information.

>>> importredis

>>> r =redis.Redis('10.54.37.212',6380);

>>>r.subscribe('wangbin\_test');

>>> for msg inr.listen(): \\

...    print msg

\{'pattern': None, 'type': 'message','channel': 'wangbin\_test', 'data': 'this is ainformation'\}

收到json字符串

Publisher.py

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 14]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 14]

Subscribe.py

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 15]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 15]

### 6、 Redis pub/sub与node.js结合 ###

Wgethttp://nodejs.org/dist/v0.6.6/node-v0.6.6.tar.gz

Tar –xvf node-v0.6.6.tar.gz

Cd node-v0.6.6

./configure

Make

Make install

Node  安装在/usr/localbin

添加到环境变量里面：

export PATH=/usr/local/bin/:$PATH

安装：npm

curl -O [ http://npmjs.org/install.sh][http_npmjs.org_install.sh]

sh install.sh

安装成功

Tar  版本过低，升级下

wget [ http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/tar-1.26.tar.gz][http_ftp.gnu.org_gnu_tar_tar-1.26.tar.gz]

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin--libexecdir=/usr/bin

Make

Make install

Tar –version

tar (GNU tar) 1.26  升级成功

安装socket.io  expresshiredis redis

/usr/local/bin/npm  install socket.io

/usr/local/bin/npm  install express

/usr/local/bin/npm  install hiredisredis

**事件驱动用例：**

**Publish.js**

var redis =require("redis");

try\{

var client =redis.createClient(6380,'10.54.37.212');

client.on(

"error",

function(err)\{

console.log("err"+err);

);

client.on('ready',

function()\{

client.publish('wangbin\_test',"test,i am test");

client.publish('wangbin\_test2',"test,i am test2");

client.end();

);

catch(e)\{

console.log("err:"+e);

**Subscribe.js**

var redis =require("redis");

try\{

var client =redis.createClient(6380,'10.54.37.212');

client.on(

"error",

function(err)\{

console.log("err"+err);

);

client.on('ready',

function()\{

client.subscribe('wangbin\_test');

client.subscribe('wangbin\_test2');

//client.end();

);

client.on('subscribe',

function(channel,count)\{

console.log("channel:" + channel + ",count:"+count);

);

client.on('message',

function(channel,message)\{

console.log("channel:"+ channel + ", msg:"+message);

);

client.on('unsubscribe',

function(channel,count)\{

console.log("channel:" + channel + ",count:"+count);

);

catch(e)\{

console.log("err:"+e);

测试结果：

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 16]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 16]

另外还支持：pmessage, psubscribe, punsubscribe事件监听；

\---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

**Node.js  Socket.io redispub/sub主动推送数据到浏览器前端**

另外还支持：pmessage, psubscribe, punsubscribe事件监听；

** **

**Server.js**

var app =require('http').createServer(handler)

, io= require('socket.io').listen(app)

, fs= require('fs');

var redis =require('redis');

var redis\_client  =redis.createClient(6380,'10.54.37.212');

app.listen(3000);

function handler (req, res)\{

fs.readFile(\_\_dirname + '/index.html',

function (err, data) \{

if(err) \{

res.writeHead(500);

return res.end('Error loading index.html');

res.writeHead(200);

res.end(data);

\});

io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket)\{

socket.emit('news', \{ hello: 'world' \});

redis\_client.subscribe('wangbin\_test');

redis\_client.on('message',

function(channel,message)\{

socket.emit('news', message);

console.log("channel:" + channel + ",msg:"+message);

);

socket.on('my other event', function (data) \{

console.log(data);

\});

**Index.html**

<scriptsrc="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>

varsocket = io.connect('http://10.54.37.212');

socket.on('news', function (data) \{

alert(data);

socket.emit('my other event', \{ my: 'data' \});

\});

</script>

Redis-cli发送消息：

Publishwangbin\_test test

Server.js订阅监控收到消息后通过socket.io主动push到brower

浏览器收到消息

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 17]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 17]

### 7、 Redis pub/sub压力测试 ###

redis-benchmark是redis的读写性能工具

生成测试数据源：

for  i  in \`seq 10000000\` ;do echo  \-ne  'publish   wangbin\_test"'$i'"\\r\\n' >> publish.data;done;

发布：

for i in $(seq 10);do (catpublish.data;sleep 100;)  |nc 10.54.37.212 6380 ;done;

订阅（模拟多个客户端同时订阅）

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_01.txt  &

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_02.txt  &

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_03.txt  &

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_04.txt  &

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_05.txt  &

(echo -ne 'subscribewangbin\_test\\r\\n';sleep 10000)  | nc 10.54.37.212 6380 |grep  "\\".\*\\""> subscribe\_06.txt  &  
    性能监控测试

watch -d -n 1 'wc-l  subscribe\_\*.txt'

或者：

for i in $(seq 15); do wc -lsubscribe\_\*.txt > result\_$i.txt ;sleep1;  done;

测试结果为：

每秒返回的数据为4-5w/s

### 8、 Redis pub/sub服务应用场景分析 ###

其他PECL 扩展\[SAM\]Simple Asynchronous Messaging

### 9、 附件： ###

**      i.            Redis-cli命令信息：**

\-h<hostname>   域名或ip

\-p<port>       端口号(default:6379)

\-s<socket>     例如：/usr/local/bin/redis-cli  \-s  /tmp/redis.sock

\-a<password>  密码

\-r<repeat>     重复次数

\-i<interval>       重复时间隔时间

\-n<db>        数据库个数

\-x             最后的标准输入

\-d<delimiter>    分隔符

\--raw          原始格式回复

\--latency       采集延迟模式

[![Redis pub/sub(Publish,Subscribe)][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 18]][Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 18]

[Redis pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918336
[1_Pub_Sub]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918337
[2_Pub_Sub]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918338
[3_Pub_Sub _redis]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918339
[4_Php-redis]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918340
[5_Redis pub_sub python]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918341
[6_Redis pub_sub_node.js]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918342
[7_Redis pub_sub]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918343
[8_Redis pub_sub]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918344
[9]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62b832910100xok2.html#_Toc312918345
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe]: http://s8.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb668f54b337&690
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[PSUBSCRIBE]: http://redis.io/commands/psubscribe
[PUBLISH]: http://redis.io/commands/publish
[PUNSUBSCRIBE]: http://redis.io/commands/punsubscribe
[SUBSCRIBE]: http://redis.io/commands/subscribe
[UNSUBSCRIBE]: http://redis.io/commands/unsubscribe
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 6]: http://s5.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb66adc93a74&690
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 6]: /images/20220731/7a82788449204241940f0fb9adaa74a7.png
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 7]: http://s15.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb66b250b0fe&690
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe_Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 7]: /images/20220731/5109108e2f5a4206b8466edd237cc291.png
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 8]: /images/20220731/ead6784d411a462998b1293d4a62b5c8.png
[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 9]: http://s15.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb66b26fa61e&690
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[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 11]: http://s6.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb66b26cc2f5&690
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[Redis_wbr_pub_sub_Publish_Subscribe 12]: http://s4.sinaimg.cn/middle/62b83291tbb66b2702503&690
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[https_github.com_nicolasff_phpredis]: https://github.com/nicolasff/phpredis
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