Java微信开发-微信java开发接入平台实例

忘是亡心i 2022-07-14 11:46 234阅读 0赞

微信上接入平台的demo是PHP的，没得java的，所以我自己做接入的时候遇到了一点小问题。用java做带薪开发，首先就要先通过微信的接入配置，大概原理就是微信往服务器发送一些数据，然后在服务器端做一些数据的处理，再返回数据就行了。

微信官方的名称是：

### **验证服务器地址的有效性** ###

**下面是微信官方的文档：**

开发者提交信息后，微信服务器将发送GET请求到填写的服务器地址URL上，GET请求携带四个参数：

<table style="font-size:14px; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:&quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;,宋体,Tahoma,Arial"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <th style="width:240px">参数</th> 
   <th>描述</th> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>signature</td> 
   <td>微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>timestamp</td> 
   <td>时间戳</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>nonce</td> 
   <td>随机数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>echostr</td> 
   <td>随机字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

开发者通过检验signature对请求进行校验（下面有校验方式）。若确认此次GET请求来自微信服务器，请原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，成为开发者成功，否则接入失败。

加密/校验流程如下：
    1. 将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序
    2. 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密
    3. 开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信

实例开始

**1：写个servlet类，来处理微信发送过来的数据：**

package com.levi.service;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.Comparator;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import com.levi.utils.SHA1;
    
    /**
     * Servlet implementation class WeiXin
     */
    public class WeiXin extends HttpServlet {
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    	 private static String Token = "leviweixin";  //这个是之前在微信上填写的Token数据，可以自定义
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public WeiXin() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		 System.out.println("get请求，正确");
    		System.out.println("获得微信请求!");
    		String signature=request.getParameter("signature");
    		String timestamp=request.getParameter("timestamp");
    		String nonce=request.getParameter("nonce");
    		String echostr=request.getParameter("echostr");
    		System.out.println("signature="+signature);
    		System.out.println("timestamp="+timestamp);
    		System.out.println("nonce="+nonce);
    		System.out.println("echostr="+echostr);
    		System.out.println("Token="+Token);
    		
    		 List<String> params = new ArrayList<String>();  
             params.add(Token);  
             params.add(timestamp);  
             params.add(nonce);  
             //1. 将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序  
             Collections.sort(params, new Comparator<String>() {  
                 @Override  
                 public int compare(String o1, String o2) {  
                     return o1.compareTo(o2);  
                 }  
             }); 
             //2. 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密  
             String temp = SHA1.encode(params.get(0) + params.get(1) + params.get(2));  
             if (temp.equals(signature)) {  
            	 System.out.println("原:"+signature);
            	 System.out.println("测试:"+temp);
            	 System.out.println("匹配正确，传回微信了");
                 response.getWriter().write(echostr);  
                 System.out.println("传回微信成功");
             }  
    		 else {  
            System.out.println("没有传回去数据，");
         } 
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	 System.out.println("post请求，错误了");
    	}
    
    }

**2：需要一个SHA1 的util类：**

/*
     * 微信公众平台(JAVA) SDK
     *
     * Copyright (c) 2016, Ansitech Network Technology Co.,Ltd All rights reserved.
     * http://www.ansitech.com/weixin/sdk/
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     */
    package com.levi.utils;
    
    import java.security.MessageDigest;
    
    /**
     * <p>Title: SHA1算法</p>
     *
     * @author qsyang<yangqisheng274@163.com>
     */
    public final class SHA1 {
    
        private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5',
                               '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
    
        /**
         * Takes the raw bytes from the digest and formats them correct.
         *
         * @param bytes the raw bytes from the digest.
         * @return the formatted bytes.
         */
        private static String getFormattedText(byte[] bytes) {
            int len = bytes.length;
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(len * 2);
            // 把密文转换成十六进制的字符串形式
            for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
                buf.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[j] >> 4) & 0x0f]);
                buf.append(HEX_DIGITS[bytes[j] & 0x0f]);
            }
            return buf.toString();
        }
    
        public static String encode(String str) {
            if (str == null) {
                return null;
            }
            try {
                MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
                messageDigest.update(str.getBytes());
                return getFormattedText(messageDigest.digest());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }

3、配置下web.xml就行了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
      <display-name>wx</display-name>
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
      <servlet>
        <description></description>
        <display-name>WeiXin</display-name>
        <servlet-name>WeiXin</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.levi.service.WeiXin</servlet-class>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>WeiXin</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/WeiXin</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>

![20161208170933952][]

**点击提交，如果正确会显示配置成功。**

**注意事项：**

**1、一定要用到外网IP映射，可以用花生壳，或者用ngrok。端口要用80端口。用外网映射的目的就是模拟服务器，然后微信才能够给服务器发信息并且验证；**

**2、要多连续点击几次提交，直到ok为止，我测试的时候就发现，明明是对的，但是微信就说配置失败，后面我多次连续点击提交，非常快的速度连续点击提交。有个前提，要代码没写错哈，其实你把上面的3个代码块的文件复制进去应该是没得问题的。**

[20161208170933952]: /images/20220714/2541225eb490495485060008ffaadea8.png