微信公众号Java开发-笔记02【开发接入准备、开发接入】

绝地灬酷狼 2022-11-03 05:46 167阅读 0赞

> **[学习视频网址：哔哩哔哩网站 微信公众号开发-Java版][-Java]**
> 
> 1.  【P01-P02】[微信公众号Java开发-笔记01【微信公众号介绍、开发环境搭建】][Java_-_01]
> 2.  【P03-P04】[微信公众号Java开发-笔记02【开发接入准备、开发接入】][Java_-_02]
> 3.  【P00-P00】微信公众号Java开发-笔记03【】
> 4.  【P00-P00】微信公众号Java开发-笔记04【】
> 5.  【P00-P00】微信公众号Java开发-笔记05【】

**目录**

P3 1.3 开发接入准备 19:08

基本配置

服务号 开发文档

接口测试号申请

接入指南

接口配置测试

servlet代码

URL配置

P4 1.4 开发接入 20:25

sha1加密

验证签名、接入成功截图

WxServlet.java

WxService.java

--------------------

# P3 1.3 开发接入准备 19:08 #

## 基本配置 ##

> ![20210228125351727.png][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]
> 
> 自己注册的公众号，很多权限都没有！
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## 服务号 开发文档 ##

> 微信公众开发平台：[https://mp.weixin.qq.com/][https_mp.weixin.qq.com]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]  ![20210228125824694.png][]

### 接口测试号申请 ###

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

### 接入指南 ###

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]
> 
> ![337bfead70f720ab91c39760f14367ea.png][]

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

## 接口配置测试 ##

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

### servlet代码 ###

> 未经修改的servlet代码：

package servlet;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    /**
     * Servlet implementation class WxServlet
     */
    @WebServlet("/wx")
    public class WxServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
           
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public WxServlet() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    	 */
    	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		doGet(request, response);
    	}
    
    }

### URL配置 ###

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]
> 
> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]
> 
> ![20210228133454407.png][]

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

package servlet;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    @WebServlet("/wx")
    public class WxServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		/**
    		 *  signature  微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。
    			timestamp  时间戳
    			nonce	     随机数
    			echostr	     随机字符串
    		 */
    		String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
    		String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
    		String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
    		String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
    		System.out.println(signature);
    		System.out.println(timestamp);
    		System.out.println(nonce);
    		System.out.println(echostr);
    	}
    
    	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    		System.out.println("post");
    	}
    
    }

# P4 1.4 开发接入 20:25 #

## sha1加密 ##

> [SHA-1——百度百科][SHA-1]
> 
> **SHA-1**（英语：Secure Hash Algorithm 1，中文名：安全散列算法1）是一种[密码散列函数][Link 1]，[美国国家安全局][Link 2]设计，并由美国国家标准技术研究所（NIST）发布为联邦数据处理标准（FIPS）。SHA-1可以生成一个被称为消息摘要的160[位][Link 3]（20[字节][Link 4]）散列值，散列值通常的呈现形式为40个[十六进制][Link 5]数。

## 验证签名、接入成功截图 ##

> ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]
> 
> ![20210228140051117.png][]

### WxServlet.java ###

package servlet;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import service.WxService;
    
    @WebServlet("/wx")
    public class WxServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    			throws ServletException, IOException {
    		/**
    		 * signature 微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。 
    		 * timestamp 时间戳 
    		 * nonce 随机数 
    		 * echostr 随机字符串
    		 */
    		String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
    		String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
    		String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
    		String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
    		System.out.println(signature);
    		System.out.println(timestamp);
    		System.out.println(nonce);
    		System.out.println(echostr);
    		// 校验签名
    		if (WxService.check(timestamp, nonce, signature)) {
    			System.out.println("接入成功！");
    			PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    			// 原样返回echostr参数
    			out.print(echostr);
    			out.flush();
    			out.close();
    		} else {
    			System.out.println("接入失败！");
    		}
    	}
    
    	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    			throws ServletException, IOException {
    		System.out.println("post");
    	}
    
    }

### WxService.java ###

package service;
    
    import java.security.MessageDigest;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    
    public class WxService {
    	private static final String TOKEN = "llzs";
    
    	/**
    	 * 验证签名
    	 * @param timestamp
    	 * @param nonce
    	 * @param signature
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	public static boolean check(String timestamp, String nonce, String signature) {
    		// 1）将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序
    		String[] strs = new String[] { TOKEN, timestamp, nonce };
    		Arrays.sort(strs);
    		// 2）将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密
    		String str = strs[0] + strs[1] + strs[2];
    		String mysig = sha1(str);
    		// 3）开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
    		return mysig.equalsIgnoreCase(signature); // 进行字符串比对
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 进行sha1加密
    	 * 
    	 * @param str
    	 * @return
    	 */
    	private static String sha1(String src) {
    		try {
    			// 获取一个加密对象
    			MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("sha1"); // 获取加密对象
    			// 加密
    			byte[] digest = md.digest(src.getBytes());
    			char[] chars = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };
    			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    			// 处理加密结果
    			for (byte b : digest) {
    				sb.append(chars[(b >> 4) & 15]);
    				sb.append(chars[b & 15]);
    			}
    			return sb.toString();
    		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    		return null;
    	}
    
    }

> 将啼饥者比，则得饱自乐；  
>   
> 将号寒者比，则得暖自乐；  
>   
> 将劳役者比，则优闲自乐；  
>   
> 将疾病者比，则康健自乐；  
>   
> 将祸患者比，则平安自乐；  
>   
> 将死亡者比，则生存自乐。

[-Java]: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1nb411P76t
[Java_-_01]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44949135/article/details/114159240
[Java_-_02]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44949135/article/details/114162312
[20210228125351727.png]: /images/20221024/a046385d30024ebd816c84ea6abc4805.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221024/56c0d28716ce48dab5182fc1ea4d5e14.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: /images/20221024/546b1a5f284344da981e117494bf48c9.png
[https_mp.weixin.qq.com]: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210228125805246.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20210228125824694.png]: /images/20221024/e9d667cfb4dd4251a4e959c634834932.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: /images/20221024/c55435433b19485f9af827d5f6c74ec6.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: /images/20221024/cd35880c268340c7becaa043e84a8c2a.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: /images/20221024/797ecfa1c27a44b28fce32ef628d7ae9.png
[337bfead70f720ab91c39760f14367ea.png]: /images/20221024/47a028dd9db749cb8f0546600b2c2ed1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: /images/20221024/bb6c16815a77407a9a83b5f9a07d20eb.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: /images/20221024/2b7a30eb9e1944cc97a750b07644b54e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: /images/20221024/b05b9d8dbe164a6e86c1153e86b7a94d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: /images/20221024/aec2438995754c6d88e421a1d8f8e25c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: /images/20221024/daa746bbda3f412087a47e638dac475c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: /images/20221024/2430186a2f3e493a8e6f18a10f771fde.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: /images/20221024/2e97ba49b9b745868e8d1b2e48b83930.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: /images/20221024/2a0bb291a50542a3bf037fb65c076900.png
[20210228133454407.png]: /images/20221024/96a44ab42ae046aeb2e9cbbb63bd2154.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: /images/20221024/a7459d8221db46d6aced3f7947648e5b.png
[SHA-1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/SHA-1/1699692?fr=aladdin
[Link 1]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81%E6%95%A3%E5%88%97%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0
[Link 2]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80
[Link 3]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BD%8D
[Link 4]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82
[Link 5]: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B6/4162457
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NDk0OTEzNQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: /images/20221024/5159c46e5ac74d9d98520dcd0000fd44.png
[20210228140051117.png]: /images/20221024/7b50089d17004255a0483212b958ce8f.png