nginx+tomcat负载均衡、session处理策略

忘是亡心i 2022-07-11 11:14 153阅读 0赞

我先来说一下简单的配置nginx转发吧。

首先，把我们的tomcat项目配置三个，并行启动在本地。端口分别为：8080、8180、8280

然后，安装nginx，具体步骤如下：

下载链接

[http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz][http_nginx.org_download_nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz]

安装命令 ./cibfigure

安装pcre： yum -y install pcre pcre-devel

安装zlib： yum -y install zlib zlib-devel

./cibfigure

make

make install

验证是否安装成功：/usr/local/下有nginx文件夹

启动： /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

从容停止 kill -quit 进程号

查看ip端口： ps-ef grep nginx

配置文件在 安装目录/conf/nginx.conf

修改完后用/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload重新加载

负载均衡：

upstream colo \{

server 127.0.0.1:8080;

server 127.0.0.1:8180;

server 127.0.0.1:8280;

location / \{

\#root html;

index index.html index.htm;

proxy\_pass http://colo;

//路径错误解决

location / \{

\#root html;

\#index index.html index.htm;

proxy\_pass http://lib;

proxy\_set\_header Host $host;

proxy\_set\_header X-Real-IP $remote\_addr;

proxy\_set\_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy\_add\_x\_forwarded\_for;

三台tomcat启动后，启动nginx。

当你访问你的web项目的时候，轮训到那台tomcat就有日志刷出来。说明成功。

现在，我使用apache ab性能测试工具进行测试。（jvm、tomcat三台全都一样）性能结果提升如下：

![Center][] ![Center 1][]

nginx+tomcat集群部署还是比较容易的，但是，对于集群项目，我们的登录信息平时是保存在session里面的，现在遇到了问题。三台机器轮询是不同的session。这时，我的选择是，把用户登录信息保存在redis中，并且带有一个独一无二的key（uuid），然后呢，这个uuid对应的保存到用户浏览器的cookie中。

控制层代码（springmvc）代码如下：

package controller;
    
    import java.util.UUID;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.ui.Model;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CookieValue;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    
    import entity.User;
    import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
    import service.UserService;
    import utils.RedisUtil;
    import utils.SerializeUtil;
    
    /**
     * 
     * @author Yu Yufeng
     *
     */
    @Controller
    public class LoginController {
    
    	@Autowired
    	private UserService userService;
    
    	/**
    	 * 跳转到登录视图
    	 * 
    	 * @param session
    	 * @param model
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("/login")
    	public String loginUI(HttpSession session, Model model) throws Exception {
    		return "login";
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/quit")
    	public String quit(HttpSession session, Model model, HttpServletResponse response,
    			@CookieValue(value = "SESSIONUSER", required = false) String sessionUser) throws Exception {
    		Cookie cookie = new Cookie("SESSIONUSER", null);
    		Jedis jedis = RedisUtil.getJedis();
    		jedis.del(sessionUser.getBytes());
    		jedis.close();
    		response.addCookie(cookie);
    		return "redirect:login";
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 跳转到注册视图
    	 * 
    	 * @param session
    	 * @param model
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("/register")
    	public String registerUI(HttpSession session, Model model) throws Exception {
    		return "register";
    	}
    
    	/**
    	 * 登录提交
    	 * 
    	 * @param session
    	 * @param model
    	 * @return
    	 * @throws Exception
    	 */
    	@RequestMapping("/login-sub")
    	public String loginSubmit(HttpSession session, Model model, User user, HttpServletRequest request,
    			HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
    
    		if (userService.checkUserPwd(user)) {
    			User record = userService.getUserByName(user.getUserName());
    			String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    			Jedis jedis = RedisUtil.getJedis();
    			jedis.setex(("user_"+uuid).getBytes(), 1800, SerializeUtil.serialize(record));
    			jedis.close();
    			Cookie cookie = new Cookie("SESSIONUSER", "user_"+uuid);
    			response.addCookie(cookie);
    			return "redirect:user/main";
    		} else {
    			model.addAttribute("message", "登录失败，用户名或密码错误！");
    			return "login";
    		}
    	}
    
    	@RequestMapping("/register-sub")
    	public String registerSubmit(HttpSession session, Model model, User user) throws Exception {
    		User record = null;
    		try {
    			record = userService.register(user);
    		} catch (Exception e) {
    			model.addAttribute("message", "用户名已存在");
    		}
    
    		if (null != record) {
    			model.addAttribute("user", record);
    			model.addAttribute("message", "注册成功");
    			return "login";
    		}
    
    		return "register";
    	}
    }

登录拦截：

package interceptor;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
    
    import entity.User;
    import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
    import utils.RedisUtil;
    import utils.SerializeUtil;
    
    /**
     * 测试拦截器
     * 
     * @author yyf
     * 
     */
    public class UserInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    
    	// 执行Handler完成执行此方法
    	// 应用场景：统一异常处理，统一日志处理
    	@Override
    	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object object,
    			Exception exception) throws Exception {
    	}
    
    	// 进入Handler方法之后，返回modelAndView之前执行
    	// 应用场景从模型出发 公用model数据（菜单导航）在这里传到视图，也可以在这里统一指定视图
    	@Override
    	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object object,
    			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
    		Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies();
    		for (Cookie c : cs) {
    			if (c.getName().equals("SESSIONUSER")) {
    				Jedis jedis = null;
    				if (c.getValue() != null && !"".equals(c.getValue())) {
    					try {
    						jedis = RedisUtil.getJedis();
    						byte[] userb = jedis.get((c.getValue()).getBytes());
    						User user = (User) SerializeUtil.unserialize(userb);
    						request.setAttribute("session_user", user);
    						String sCart = "cartNumber_" + c.getValue();
    						String n = jedis.get(sCart);
    						if (n != null) {
    							request.setAttribute("cart_quantity", n);
    						}
    
    					} catch (Exception e) {
    						e.printStackTrace();
    					} finally {
    						jedis.close();
    					}
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    	}
    
    	// 进入Handler方法之前
    	// 用于身份认真、身份授权
    	@Override
    	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object object) throws Exception {
    		Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies();
    		if (cs == null) {
    			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login");
    			return false;
    		}
    		for (Cookie c : cs) {
    			if (c.getName().equals("SESSIONUSER")) {
    				if (c.getValue() != null && c.getValue() != null) {
    					Jedis jedis = null;
    					try {
    						jedis = RedisUtil.getJedis();
    						if (jedis.exists(c.getValue().getBytes())) {
    							jedis.expire("cartNumber_" + c.getValue(), 1800);// 刷新redis时间
    							jedis.expire("cart_" + c.getValue(), 1800);// 刷新redis时间
    							jedis.expire(c.getValue(), 1800);// 刷新redis时间
    							return true;
    						} else {
    							Cookie cook = new Cookie("SESSIONUSER", null);
    							cook.setMaxAge(0);
    							response.addCookie(cook);
    						}
    					} catch (Exception e) {
    						e.printStackTrace();
    					} finally {
    						jedis.close();
    					}
    
    				}
    			}
    		}
    		response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login");
    
    		return false;
    	}
    
    }

这样就实现了集群分布式项目用户登录信息的统一。

（这个策略曾经在我的某次作业中使用，现在拿出来分享以下这个策略。文章可能写的不是很好，，，但是自认为思想还是不错的 ![大笑][laugh.gif]）

[http_nginx.org_download_nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz]: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
[Center]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170123154030191?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvcXFfMTg4NjA2NTM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 1]: /images/20220711/570ddeffc0be453baabf771d591bc720.png
[laugh.gif]: /images/20220711/9b3daca21e9a4dd8b5772810982878dd.png