Spring注解配置Mongo及基本CRUD操作简介

旧城等待， 2022-06-16 04:46 189阅读 0赞

Mongo安装配置参考基本操作等可参考[http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html][http_www.runoob.com_mongodb_mongodb-tutorial.html]，其中help()方法十分实用，可以不用让使用者不用记太多方法，如help.collection.help()会显示集合（相当于传统数据库中的的表）的所有方法，db.help()则显示数据库操作的所有方法。现在直接进主题：Mongo注解配置（对比XML配置真的十分十分简便）。

POM添加以下依赖，测试前mongod.exe服务器需处于打开状态：

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
      <version>1.10.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>

POJO:

1.Order:

package per.nosql.pojo;
    
    import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
    import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
    import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
    
    /** * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5. */ @Document
    public class Order {
        @Id
        private String id;
        private String customer;
        private String type;
        private Collection<Item> items = new LinkedHashSet<Item>();
    
        public void setId(String id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public void setCustomer(String customer) {
            this.customer = customer;
        }
    
        public void setType(String type) {
            this.type = type;
        }
    
        public void setItems(Collection<Item> items) {
            this.items = items;
        }
    
        public String getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public String getCustomer() {
            return customer;
        }
    
        public String getType() {
            return type;
        }
    
        public Collection<Item> getItems() {
            return items;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Order{" +
                    "id='" + id + '\'' +
                    ", customer='" + customer + '\'' +
                    ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                    ", itemsSize=" + items.size() +
                    '}';
        }
    }

2.Item:

package per.nosql.pojo;
    
    /** * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5. */ public class Item {
        private Long id;
        private Order order;
        private String product;
        private double price;
        private int quantity;
    
        public Long getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Long id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public Order getOrder() {
            return order;
        }
    
        public void setOrder(Order order) {
            this.order = order;
        }
    
        public String getProduct() {
            return product;
        }
    
        public void setProduct(String product) {
            this.product = product;
        }
    
        public double getPrice() {
            return price;
        }
    
        public void setPrice(double price) {
            this.price = price;
        }
    
        public int getQuantity() {
            return quantity;
        }
    
        public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
            this.quantity = quantity;
        }
    }

Mongo配置类MongoConfig.class：

package per.nosql.config;
    
    import com.mongodb.Mongo;
    import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.data.mongodb.config.AbstractMongoConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.config.EnableMongoRepositories;
    
    /** * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5. */ @Configuration
    @EnableMongoRepositories(basePackages = "per.nosql.dao")    //扫描指定包下的API，对比Mybatis的MapperScanner配置简单很多
    public class MongoConfig extends AbstractMongoConfiguration{
    
        /** * @return Mongo数据库名,可通过打开mongo.exe输入show db查看 */ @Override
        protected String getDatabaseName() {
            return "test";
        }
    
        /** * @return 返回MongoClient，构造方法可设置服务器和端口号，默认服务器为"127.0.0.1",端口为27017，详情可看源码 * @throws Exception */ @Override
        public Mongo mongo() throws Exception {
            return new MongoClient();
        }
    }

MongoTemplate已在AbstractMongoConfiguration中进行了初始化，若需更多的扩展配置可重载AbstractMongoConfiguration中的方法。

DAO接口：

package per.nosql.dao;
    
    import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
    import per.nosql.pojo.Order;
    
    /** * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5. */ public interface OrderRepository extends MongoRepository<Order,String>{
    }

MongoRepository接口中已含基本的增删改查操作，任何扩展Repository的接口将会在运行时自动生成实现

测试：

package per.nosql.test;
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import per.nosql.config.MongoConfig;
    import per.nosql.dao.OrderRepository;
    import per.nosql.pojo.Item;
    import per.nosql.pojo.Order;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
    
    /** * Created by Wilson on 2017/5/5. */ @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = MongoConfig.class)
    public class MongoTest {
    
        @Autowired
        OrderRepository orderRepository;
    
        @Test
        public void addOrder() {
            Order order = createOrder();
            orderRepository.insert(order);
            order.setType("second");
            orderRepository.insert(order);
            System.out.println(order);
    //        assertEquals(1,orderRepository.count());
        }
    
        @Test
        public void updateOrder(){
            Order order = createOrder();
            order.setId("590c4172b81ff1d2f58665e7");
            order.setCustomer("Wilson");
            orderRepository.save(order);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void findAllOrders(){
            List<Order> orderList = orderRepository.findAll();
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            orderList.forEach(each -> buffer.append(each).append("\n"));
            System.out.println(buffer.toString());
        }
    
        private Order createOrder(){
            Order order = new Order();
            order.setType("Test");
    //        order.setCustomer("William");
    
            Item item1 = new Item();
            item1.setPrice(15);
            item1.setProduct("Java Mongo");
            item1.setQuantity(6);
          /*  Item item2 = new Item();
            item2.setPrice(13);
            item2.setProduct("Java Web");
            item2.setQuantity(3);*/
            order.setItems(Arrays.asList(item1));
            return order;
        }
    }

save()方法既可进行插入数据，也可进行更新数据，更新时是若有属性为null则对应的字段都将更新为null，官方不推荐使用insert而推荐save进行数据插入，源码如下，主要是为了取代 避免特异性存储API的使用

* Inserts the given entity. Assumes the instance to be new to be able to apply insertion optimizations. Use * the returned instance for further operations as the save operation might have changed the entity instance * completely. Prefer using { @link #save(Object)} instead to avoid the usage of store-specific API.

无论是insert还是save，执行成功后都会对实体进行ID回填，当再次进行save操作则是进行更新，更多的结果大家可自己操作获得，具体测试结果就不截图显示了，如想添加其它的方法如条件查询之类的请耐心等待下一篇。

[http_www.runoob.com_mongodb_mongodb-tutorial.html]: http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html