traceroute查看网络路径

忘是亡心i 2022-06-13 05:38 230阅读 0赞

Ubuntu需要安装该命令， sudo apt-get install traceroute

Usage:

traceroute \[ -46dFITnreAUV \] \[ -f first\_ttl \] \[ -g gate,... \] \[ -i device \] \[ -m max\_ttl \] \[ -N squeries \] \[ -p port \] \[ -t tos \] \[ -l flow\_label \] \[ -w waittime \] \[ -q nqueries \] \[ -s src\_addr \] \[ -z sendwait \] host \[ packetlen \]  
Options:  
  -4                          Use IPv4  
  -6                          Use IPv6  
  -d  --debug                 Enable socket level debugging  
  -F  --dont-fragment         Do not fragment packets  
  -f first\_ttl  --first=first\_ttl  
                              Start from the first\_ttl hop (instead from 1)  
  -g gate,...  --gateway=gate,...  
                              Route packets through the specified gateway  
                              (maximum 8 for IPv4 and 127 for IPv6)  
  -I  --icmp                  Use ICMP ECHO for tracerouting  
  -T  --tcp                   Use TCP SYN for tracerouting  
  -i device  --interface=device  
                              Specify a network interface to operate with  
  -m max\_ttl  --max-hops=max\_ttl  
                              Set the max number of hops (max TTL to be  
                              reached). Default is 30  
  -N squeries  --sim-queries=squeries  
                              Set the number of probes to be tried  
                              simultaneously (default is 16)  
  -n                          Do not resolve IP addresses to their domain names  
  -p port  --port=port        Set the destination port to use. It is either  
                              initial udp port value for "default" method  
                              (incremented by each probe, default is 33434), or  
                              initial seq for "icmp" (incremented as well,  
                              default from 1), or some constant destination  
                              port for other methods (with default of 80 for  
                              "tcp", 53 for "udp", etc.)  
  -t tos  --tos=tos           Set the TOS (IPv4 type of service) or TC (IPv6  
                              traffic class) value for outgoing packets  
  -l flow\_label  --flowlabel=flow\_label  
                              Use specified flow\_label for IPv6 packets  
  -w waittime  --wait=waittime  
                              Set the number of seconds to wait for response to  
                              a probe (default is 5.0). Non-integer (float  
                              point) values allowed too  
  -q nqueries  --queries=nqueries  
                              Set the number of probes per each hop. Default is  
                              3  
  -r                          Bypass the normal routing and send directly to a  
                              host on an attached network  
  -s src\_addr  --source=src\_addr  
                              Use source src\_addr for outgoing packets  
  -z sendwait  --sendwait=sendwait  
                              Minimal time interval between probes (default 0).  
                              If the value is more than 10, then it specifies a  
                              number in milliseconds, else it is a number of  
                              seconds (float point values allowed too)  
  -e  --extensions            Show ICMP extensions (if present), including MPLS  
  -A  --as-path-lookups       Perform AS path lookups in routing registries and  
                              print results directly after the corresponding  
                              addresses  
  -M name  --module=name      Use specified module (either builtin or external)  
                              for traceroute operations. Most methods have  
                              their shortcuts (\`-I' means \`-M icmp' etc.)  
  -O OPTS,...  --options=OPTS,...  
                              Use module-specific option OPTS for the  
                              traceroute module. Several OPTS allowed,  
                              separated by comma. If OPTS is "help", print info  
                              about available options  
  --sport=num                 Use source port num for outgoing packets. Implies  
                              \`-N 1'  
  -U  --udp                   Use UDP to particular port for tracerouting  
                              (instead of increasing the port per each probe),  
                              default port is 53  
  -UL                         Use UDPLITE for tracerouting (default dest port  
                              is 53)  
  -P prot  --protocol=prot    Use raw packet of protocol prot for tracerouting  
  --mtu                       Discover MTU along the path being traced. Implies  
                              \`-F -N 1'  
  --back                      Guess the number of hops in the backward path and  
                              print if it differs  
  -V  --version               Print version info and exit  
  --help                      Read this help and exit  
  
  
Arguments:  
\+     host          The host to traceroute to  
      packetlen     The full packet length (default is the length of an IP  
                    header plus 40). Can be ignored or increased to a minimal

allowed value

**1.****命令格式：**

traceroute\[参数\]\[主机\]

**2.****命令功能：**

traceroute指令让你追踪网络数据包的路由途径，预设数据包大小是40Bytes，用户可另行设置。

具体参数格式：traceroute \[-dFlnrvx\]\[-f<存活数值>\]\[-g<网关>...\]\[-i<网络界面>\]\[-m<存活数值>\]\[-p<通信端口>\]\[-s<来源地址>\]\[-t<服务类型>\]\[-w<超时秒数>\]\[主机名称或IP地址\]\[数据包大小\]

**3.****命令参数：**

\-d 使用Socket层级的排错功能。

\-f 设置第一个检测数据包的存活数值TTL的大小。

\-F 设置勿离断位。

\-g 设置来源路由网关，最多可设置8个。

\-i 使用指定的网络界面送出数据包。