python中matplotlib包的基本使用

你的名字 2022-05-30 10:49 117阅读 0赞

## matplotlib ##

# Author:NDK
    # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    import matplotlib.dates as mdate
    import datetime
    import matplotlib as mpl
    import numpy as np
    # plt.plot([0,1,2,3,4],[0,-1,-2,-3,-4])
    # h = [15,17,21,33,44,55]
    # w = [13,16,26,35,54,65]
    """散点图"""
    # n = 1000
    # h = np.random.randn(n)
    # w =h + np.random.randn(n)*0.5
    # plt.scatter(h,w,s=5,c='r',alpha=0.5)
    # plt.show()
    
    """折线图"""
    # x = np.linspace(-10,10,10)
    # y = x**2
    # # matplotlib 默认为折线图
    # plt.plot(x,y)
    # plt.show()
    
    """条形图"""
    # N= 5
    # index = np.arange(N)
    # y = [20,10,5,25,30]
    # pl = plt.bar(left=index,height=y,width=0.5)
    # plt.show()
    
    """直方图"""
    # mu =100
    # n =20
    # x = mu+n*np.random.randn(2000)
    # # plt.hist(x,bins=30) #bins设置分区间个数
    # y = np.random.randn(2000)+2
    # plt.hist2d(x,y,bins=50)
    # plt.show()
    
    """饼状图"""
    # lables = 'A','B','C','D'
    # fracs = [20,10,35,26]
    # explode = [0,0,0.08,0]
    # plt.axes(aspect=1)
    # plt.pie(x=fracs,labels=lables,autopct='%.0f%%',explode=explode,shadow=True)
    # plt.show()
    
    
    """绘制子图"""
    # x = np.arange(1,100)
    # fig = plt.figure()
    # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(221)
    # ax1.plot(x,x)
    # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(222)
    # ax1.plot(x,-x)
    # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(223)
    # ax1.plot(x,x**2)
    # ax1 = fig.add_subplot(224)
    # ax1.plot(x,np.log(x))
    # plt.show()
    
    """生成多张图"""
    # fig1 = plt.figure()
    # ax1 =fig1.add_subplot(111)
    # ax1.plot([1,2,3],[3,2,1])
    # fig2 = plt.figure()
    # ax2 = fig2.add_subplot(111)
    # ax2.plot([1,2,3],[3,2,1])
    # plt.show()
    
    """画网格图"""
    # x= np.arange(0,10,1)
    # fig = plt.figure()
    # ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
    # ax.plot(x,x*2)
    # ax.grid(color='r',linestyle='-.')
    # plt.show()
    
    """画图例"""
    # x = np.arange(1,11)
    # plt.plot(x,x*2,label='Normal')
    # plt.plot(x,x*3,label='Fast')
    # plt.plot(x,x*4,label='Faster')
    # plt.legend()
    # plt.show()
    
    """坐标轴范围调整"""
    # x = np.arange(-10,11)
    # plt.plot(x,x**2) #调整范围
    # plt.ylim([0,100])
    # plt.xlim([-10,10])
    
    # plt.plot(x,x)
    # ax = plt.gca()
    # ax.locator_params(nbins=50) #调整疏密程度
    # plt.show()
    
    # start = datetime.datetime(2015,1,1)
    # end = datetime.datetime(2016,1,1)
    # delta = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
    # dates = mpl.dates.drange(start,end,delta)
    # y = np.random.rand(len(dates))
    # ax = plt.gca()
    # ax.plot(dates,y,linestyle='-')
    # date_format = mpl.dates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m')
    # ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(date_format)
    # # plt.autofmt_xdate()
    # plt.show()