python--tkinter04

痛定思痛。 2022-05-28 13:10 225阅读 0赞

1、canvas

import tkinter as tk
    window = tk.Tk()
    window.title("The window")
    window.geometry("400x300")
    
    canvas = tk.Canvas(window, bg='blue', height=100, width=200)
    #添加图片
    #image_file = tk.PhotoImage(file='ins.gif')
    #image = canvas.create_image(10,10,anchor='nw',image=image_file)
    #创建直线
    x0,y0,x1,y1 = 50,50,80,80
    line = canvas.create_line(x0,y0,x1,y1)
    #创建一个圆
    oval = canvas.create_oval(x0,y0,x1,y1,fill='red')
    #创建一个扇形
    arc = canvas.create_arc(x0+30,y0+30,x1+30,y1+30,start=0,extent=180,fill='yellow')
    #创建一个长方形
    rect = canvas.create_rectangle(100,30,100+20,30+20)
    canvas.pack()
    
    def moveit():
        canvas.move(rect,0,8)
    
    b = tk.Button(window,text='move',command=moveit)
    b.pack()
    window.mainloop()

![20180406154846746][]

注：tkinter 只能打开\*.gif 图片。如要打开其他图片，则添加其它库 如pillow 或 pil

2、菜单栏   Menu

import tkinter as tk
    window = tk.Tk()
    window.title("The window")
    window.geometry("400x300")
    
    l = tk.Label(window,text='',bg='red')
    l.pack()
    
    counter = 0
    def do_job():
        global counter
        l.config(text='do ' + str(counter))
        counter += 1
    
    #创建一个菜单栏
    menubar = tk.Menu(window)
    
    #在menubar中创建filemenu菜单单元
    filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar,tearoff=0)
    #将上面定义的空菜单命名为file，放在菜单栏中
    menubar.add_cascade(label='File',menu=filemenu)
    
    filemenu.add_command(label='New',command=do_job)
    filemenu.add_command(label='Open',command=do_job)
    filemenu.add_command(label='Save',command=do_job)
    filemenu.add_separator()
    filemenu.add_command(label='Exit',command=window.quit)
    window.config(menu=menubar)
    
    editmenu = tk.Menu(menubar,tearoff=0)
    menubar.add_cascade(label='Edit',menu=editmenu)
    editmenu.add_command(label='Cut',command=do_job)
    editmenu.add_command(label='Copy',command=do_job)
    editmenu.add_command(label='Paste',command=do_job)
    
    #和上面定义菜单一样，不过此处在file上创建一个空菜单
    submenu = tk.Menu(filemenu)
    filemenu.add_cascade(label='Import',menu=submenu,underline=0)
    submenu.add_command(label='Submenu1',command=do_job)
    
    window.mainloop()

![20180406161120214][]

3、Frame

import tkinter as tk
    window = tk.Tk()
    window.title("The window")
    window.geometry("400x300")
    
    tk.Label(window,text='On the window',bg='red').pack()
    #在window上创建一个frame
    frm = tk.Frame(window)
    frm.pack()
    
    #在frm上创建两个frame
    frm_l = tk.Frame(frm)
    frm_r = tk.Frame(frm)
    
    frm_l.pack(side='left')
    frm_r.pack(side='right')
    
    tk.Label(frm_l,text='on the frm_l1',bg='yellow').pack()
    tk.Label(frm_l, text='on the frm_l2',bg='yellow').pack()
    tk.Label(frm_r, text='on the frm_r1',bg='green').pack()
    
    window.mainloop()

![20180406161720122][]

4、Messager

import tkinter as tk
    import tkinter.messagebox
    
    window = tk.Tk()
    window.title('my window')
    window.geometry('200x200')
    #创建消息弹窗
    def hit_me():
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title='Weclome to tkinter', message='Weclome')   # return 'ok'
        #tk.messagebox.showwarning(title='Hi', message='nononono')   # return 'ok'
        #tk.messagebox.showerror(title='Hi', message='No!! never')   # return 'ok'
        #print(tk.messagebox.askquestion(title='Hi', message='hahahaha'))   # return 'yes' , 'no'
        #print(tk.messagebox.askyesno(title='Hi', message='hahahaha'))   # return True, False
        #print(tk.messagebox.asktrycancel(title='Hi', message='hahahaha'))   # return True, False
        #print(tk.messagebox.askokcancel(title='Hi', message='hahahaha'))   # return True, False
        #print(tk.messagebox.askyesnocancel(title="Hi", message="haha"))     # return, True, False, None
    
    tk.Button(window, text='hit me', command=hit_me).pack()
    window.mainloop()

![20180406162058644][]

[20180406154846746]: /images/20220528/8d7155f2dab4434d8d0efa594bca4a96.png
[20180406161120214]: /images/20220528/7a10ff01e85b4d33ac483204861566ae.png
[20180406161720122]: /images/20220528/1d042db713534f6da805e896ba022328.png
[20180406162058644]: /images/20220528/5fadbdb286474a36933bb72589cb7259.png