SpringBoot 下Druid连接池的使用配置分析

快来打我* 2022-05-27 13:11 235阅读 0赞

#  #

# Spring Boot下Druid连接池的使用配置分析 #

Spring Boot下默认提供了若干种可用的连接池，Druid来自于阿里系的一个开源连接池，在连接池之外，还提供了非常优秀的监控功能，这里讲解如何与Spring Boot实现集成。

1.  环境描述

Spring Boot 1.4.9.RELEASE,  JDK 1.8

2.   Druid介绍

Druid是一个JDBC组件，它包括三部分：

*   DruidDriver 代理Driver，能够提供基于Filter－Chain模式的插件体系。
 *   DruidDataSource 高效可管理的数据库连接池。 
 *   SQLParser

Druid可以做什么？

*    可以监控数据库访问性能，Druid内置提供了一个功能强大的StatFilter插件，能够详细统计SQL的执行性能，这对于线上分析数据库访问性能有帮助。
 *    替换DBCP和C3P0。Druid提供了一个高效、功能强大、可扩展性好的数据库连接池。
 *    数据库密码加密。直接把数据库密码写在配置文件中，这是不好的行为，容易导致安全问题。DruidDruiver和DruidDataSource都支持PasswordCallback。  
 *   SQL执行日志，Druid提供了不同的LogFilter，能够支持Common-Logging、Log4j和JdkLog，你可以按需要选择相应的LogFilter，监控你应用的数据库访问情况。  
    
 *    扩展JDBC，如果你要对JDBC层有编程的需求，可以通过Druid提供的Filter-Chain机制，很方便编写JDBC层的扩展插件。

项目地址： https://github.com/alibaba/druid

3.   Spring Boot与Druid的集成

MySQL Driver驱动包：

<dependency>  
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
                <scope>runtime</scope>  
            </dependency>

<dependency>
    			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    		</dependency>

阿里系的Druid依赖包：

<dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.6</version>
            </dependency>

<dependency>
    			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    			<version>1.0.25</version>
    		</dependency>

Spring Boot中的application.properties配置信息：

# 数据库访问配置
    spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dc_monitor?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf-8
    spring.datasource.username = mysql
    spring.datasource.password = mysql@123
    # 下面为连接池的补充设置，应用到上面所有数据源中
    # 初始化大小，最小，最大
    spring.datasource.initialSize=5
    spring.datasource.minIdle=5
    spring.datasource.maxActive=20
    # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
    spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
    # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒
    spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
    # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒
    spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
    # Oracle请使用select 1 from dual
    spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 'X' FROM DUAL
    spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
    spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
    spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false
    # 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小
    spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
    spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=20
    # 配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计，'wall'用于防火墙
    spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
    # 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能；慢SQL记录
    spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000
    # 合并多个DruidDataSource的监控数据
    spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat=true

# 驱动配置信息
    spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mealsystem?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    spring.datasource.username = root
    spring.datasource.password = 123456
    spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
     
    #连接池的配置信息
    spring.datasource.initialSize=5
    spring.datasource.minIdle=5
    spring.datasource.maxActive=20
    spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
    spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
    spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
    spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
    spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
    spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false
    spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements=true
    spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize=20
    spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
    spring.datasource.connectionProperties=druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=5000

在Spring Boot1.4.0中驱动配置信息没有问题，但是连接池的配置信息不再支持这里的配置项，即无法通过配置项直接支持相应的连接池；这里列出的这些配置项可以通过定制化DataSource来实现。

目前Spring Boot中默认支持的连接池有dbcp,dbcp2, tomcat, hikari三种连接池。

由于Druid暂时不在Spring Bootz中的直接支持，故需要进行配置信息的定制：

package com.dc.config;
    
    import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
    import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
    import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
    import org.slf4j.Logger;
    import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
    import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
    
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * @author zhaohp
     * @version V1.0
     * @Package com.dc.config
     * @date 2018/1/16 16:34
     * @Description: 如果不使用代码手动初始化DataSource的话，监控界面的SQL监控会没有数据
     */
    @Configuration
    public class DruidConfig{
    
        @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
        private String dbUrl;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
        private String username;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
        private String password;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.driverClassName}")
        private String driverClassName;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.initialSize}")
        private int initialSize;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.minIdle}")
        private int minIdle;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxActive}")
        private int maxActive;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxWait}")
        private int maxWait;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}")
        private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}")
        private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.validationQuery}")
        private String validationQuery;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testWhileIdle}")
        private boolean testWhileIdle;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnBorrow}")
        private boolean testOnBorrow;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnReturn}")
        private boolean testOnReturn;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements}")
        private boolean poolPreparedStatements;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize}")
        private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.filters}")
        private String filters;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.connectionProperties}")
        private String connectionProperties;
        @Value("${spring.datasource.useGlobalDataSourceStat}")
        private boolean useGlobalDataSourceStat;
    
        @Bean     //声明其为Bean实例
        @Primary  //在同样的DataSource中，首先使用被标注的DataSource
        public DataSource dataSource(){
            DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();
            datasource.setUrl(this.dbUrl);
            datasource.setUsername(username);
            datasource.setPassword(password);
            datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
    
            //configuration
            datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize);
            datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle);
            datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive);
            datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait);
            datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis);
            datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
            datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery);
            datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle);
            datasource.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow);
            datasource.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn);
            datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements);
            datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize);
            datasource.setUseGlobalDataSourceStat(useGlobalDataSourceStat);
            try {
                datasource.setFilters(filters);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                System.err.println("druid configuration initialization filter: "+ e);
            }
            datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties);
            return datasource;
        }
    }

@Configuration
    public class DruidDBConfig {
    	private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidDBConfig.class);
    	
        @Value("${spring.datasource.url}")
        private String dbUrl;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.username}")
        private String username;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.password}")
        private String password;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.driverClassName}")
        private String driverClassName;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.initialSize}")
        private int initialSize;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.minIdle}")
        private int minIdle;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxActive}")
        private int maxActive;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxWait}")
        private int maxWait;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}")
        private int timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}")
        private int minEvictableIdleTimeMillis;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.validationQuery}")
        private String validationQuery;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testWhileIdle}")
        private boolean testWhileIdle;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnBorrow}")
        private boolean testOnBorrow;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.testOnReturn}")
        private boolean testOnReturn;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.poolPreparedStatements}")
        private boolean poolPreparedStatements;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize}")
        private int maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize;
        
        @Value("${spring.datasource.filters}")
        private String filters;
        
        @Value("{spring.datasource.connectionProperties}")
        private String connectionProperties;
        
        @Bean     //声明其为Bean实例
        @Primary  //在同样的DataSource中，首先使用被标注的DataSource
        public DataSource dataSource(){
        	DruidDataSource datasource = new DruidDataSource();
        	
        	datasource.setUrl(this.dbUrl);
        	datasource.setUsername(username);
        	datasource.setPassword(password);
        	datasource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
        	
        	//configuration
        	datasource.setInitialSize(initialSize);
        	datasource.setMinIdle(minIdle);
        	datasource.setMaxActive(maxActive);
        	datasource.setMaxWait(maxWait);
        	datasource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis);
        	datasource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(minEvictableIdleTimeMillis);
        	datasource.setValidationQuery(validationQuery);
        	datasource.setTestWhileIdle(testWhileIdle);
        	datasource.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow);
        	datasource.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn);
        	datasource.setPoolPreparedStatements(poolPreparedStatements);
        	datasource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize(maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize);
        	try {
    			datasource.setFilters(filters);
    		} catch (SQLException e) {
    			logger.error("druid configuration initialization filter", e);
    		}
        	datasource.setConnectionProperties(connectionProperties);
        	
        	return datasource;
        }
    }

DruidDBConfig类被@Configuration标注，用作配置信息； DataSource对象被@Bean声明，为Spring容器所管理， @Primary表示这里定义的DataSource将覆盖其他来源的DataSource。

需要注意的是：spring.datasource.type旧的spring boot版本是不能识别的。

配置StatView的Servlet：

Filter的实现类：

package com.dc.config;
    
    
    import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
    
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
    
    @WebFilter(filterName="druidStatFilter",urlPatterns="/*",
            initParams={
                    @WebInitParam(name="exclusions",value="*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.bmp,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*")// 忽略资源
            })
    public class DruidStatFilter extends WebStatFilter {
    
    }

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
    
    import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
    
    @WebFilter(filterName="druidWebStatFilter",urlPatterns="/*",
        initParams={
            @WebInitParam(name="exclusions",value="*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.bmp,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*")//忽略资源
       }
    )
    public class DruidStatFilter extends WebStatFilter {
    
    }

StatViewServlet:

package com.dc.config;
    
    import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
    
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebInitParam;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    
    @WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/druid/*",
            initParams={
                    @WebInitParam(name="allow",value=""),// IP白名单 (没有配置或者为空，则允许所有访问)
                    @WebInitParam(name="deny",value=""),// IP黑名单 (存在共同时，deny优先于allow)
                    @WebInitParam(name="loginUsername",value="dcAdmin"),// druid监控页面登陆用户名
                    @WebInitParam(name="loginPassword",value="dcAdmin"),// druid监控页面登陆密码
                    @WebInitParam(name="resetEnable",value="")// 禁用HTML页面上的“Reset All”功能
            })
    public class DruidStatViewServlet extends StatViewServlet {
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    }

<filter>  
            <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>  
            <filter-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter</filter-class>  
            <init-param>  
                <param-name>exclusions</param-name>  
                <param-value>*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*</param-value>  
            </init-param>  
          </filter>  
          <filter-mapping>  
            <filter-name>DruidWebStatFilter</filter-name>  
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
          </filter-mapping>

然后相应的配置工作就完成了，直接启动即可看到相应的应用了。

4.    运行界面以及介绍

访问地址： http://IP:PORT/druid/index.html

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[Center]: /images/20220527/41667cbb6ccf4b33a9d2821564b1ecc5.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220527/b8f753b86b1b42158ec8ac73dbac6158.png