Django验证用户登陆（同时适用于用户名和密码登陆）

青旅半醒 2022-05-23 09:18 185阅读 0赞

#settings.py
    AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ['django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend']

Django默认的验证方法（不需要注明），这种方法一般只适用于用户名和密码登陆

如果自己想要使用户可以以用户名、密码组合登陆也可以用邮箱、密码登陆则需要自定义用户的验证函数

#views.py
    from django.db.models import Q
    from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend
    
    #自定义用户验证函数，实现邮箱或用户名都能登陆
    class MyBackend(ModelBackend):
        def authenticate(self,username=None,password=None,**kwargs):
            try:
                user = UserProfile.objects.get(Q(username=username)|Q(email=username))
                if user.check_password(password):
                    return user
            except Exception as e:
                return None

对应的settings.py需改写为：

#settings.py
    AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = ('app.views.MyBackend',)

处理函数为：

#views.py
    from django.views.generic.base import View
    from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login
    from .forms import LoginForm
    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
    
    class LoginView(View):
        def get(self,request):
            return render(request, 'login.html')
        def post(self,request):
            login_form = LoginForm(request.POST)
            if login_form.is_valid():
                user_name = request.POST.get('username','')
                password = request.POST.get('password','')
    
                #与数据库中的用户进行比对
                #上面已经地authenticate进行了重写 若成功则返回user
                user = authenticate(request,username=user_name,password=password)
                if user is not None:
                    if user.is_active:
                        login(request, user)
                        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('main'))
                return render(request, 'login.html', {'msg': '用户名或密码错误!'})
            else:
                print(login_form.errors)
            return render(request,'login.html',{'msg':'用户名或密码错误!'})

在和models.py相同的目录中新建forms.py用来设置登陆用到的表单

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    from django import forms
    
    class LoginForm(forms.Form):
        username = forms.CharField(required=True,error_messages={'required':'用户名不能为空',})
        password = forms.CharField(required=True,error_messages={'required':'密码不能为空',})